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Access to health care after dental trauma in children: A quantitative and qualitative evaluation
(Wiley, 2019) Zencircioglu, Ozlem Kayillioglu; Eden, Ece; Ocek, Zeliha Asli
Background/Aims The aim of this study was to evaluate the accessibility of proper and on-time treatment after dental trauma in children and to explore the affecting factors via parents' and health professionals' perspectives. The study is important to understand how to improve access to dental treatment after trauma. Materials and Method The method included quantitative and qualitative parts. For the quantitative method, parents of dental trauma patients who applied to Ege University, Department of Pedodontics during January 2015-June 2016 were the target group. One hundred and forty parents answered the questionnaire on trauma experiences. The participation rate was 62.78%. Questions covered variables such as first admitted health institution, time to go there, access to diagnostics, treatment methods, referral from institution, and sociodemographic characteristics of the family. On-time and proper treatment access was defined using an algorithm for treatment priority of the case, total time to reach treatment, and the correct intervention. For the qualitative method, ten parents and thirty health professionals were interviewed in-depth using a semi-structured question guide. Thematic analysis was applied to the interview texts. Results The percentage of patients who accessed on-time and proper treatment was 19.29%. Logistic regression analysis showed that admission to the university clinic first increased the access to treatment by 14.135 times. For the qualitative evaluation, treatment access was summarized into three main themes: (a) physical accessibility of dental health services, (b) a quality dental health service as an outcome, and (c) communication among parties. Conclusion The level of accessing proper and on-time treatment was quite inadequate. It is suggested that distribution of dental care centers should be increased and dental centers where competent dentists work should be established. Performance-based payment should be reorganized and cooperation between medical and dental institutions should be encouraged.
Assessment of the validity and reliability of a novel dental trauma index
(Wiley, 2023) Kaval, Mehmet Emin; Atesci, Alp Abidin; Kurt, Seniha Senem Micoogullari; Boyacioglu, Hayal; Eden, Ece
Background/AimsTraumatic dental injuries (TDI) are one of the most commonly encountered dental health complications. In order to standardize the evaluations and compare the findings of TDI, a carefully defined dental trauma index may serve as a good tool for the correct recording of dental trauma. A new dental trauma index, the Modified Eden & Baysal dental trauma index (MEBTI), has been introduced. It is an expanded index to record soft tissue injuries in addition to dental injuries. The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the MEBDTI. Materials and MethodsThe archival data of 20 patients with different traumatic injuries were selected. A web-based form including the radiographs and photographs of selected cases was created. Following a training session, 12 dentists with a minimum of 10 years of clinical experience were asked to score the cases using the MEBDTI on an online form. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the normality. The Kruskal-Wallis Test was used for intergroup comparisons. Inter-observer agreement was investigated by reliability analysis. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to evaluate the agreement among observers. The Chi-Square test of independence was used to determine if there is a significant relationship between two nominal variables (p < .05). ResultsThe rate of correctly assessing the alveolar bone fracture was 96.9% followed by apex maturity (92.7%), root fracture (85.4%), luxation injury (76.5%), crown fracture (76.2%), and soft tissue injury (50%). Considering all parameters, the soft tissue injuries were statistically different in terms of the answers given by the 12 dentists (p < .05). ConclusionThe accuracy of the scores of participants was high and in accordance with each other except for the identification of soft tissue injuries. In favor of this novel index, the data on dental trauma cases could be recorded practically and reliably.
Association between intra-radicular posts and periapical lesions in endodontically treated teeth
(Univ Sao Paulo Fac Odontologia Bauru, 2007) Topaloglu-Ak, Asli; Eden, Ece; Frencken, Jo E.
Objectives: The aim of the investigation was to test the differences in the perceived level of dental anxiety among children treated restoratively using the Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) approach, the traditional restorative (TRA) approach and ART aided with a chemomechanical caries removal gel (ART plus). Methods: The study subjects were 6-7-year-old children. TRA was compared to ART in a clinical setting after children had seen a dentist twice (Group A), ART was compared to 'ART plus' in a clinical setting after children had seen a dentist once (Group B) and ART was applied outside the clinic on school premises (Group C). The treatments were carried out in Class II cavitated dentine lesion in primary molars. Dental anxiety was measured using the Venham Picture Test (VPT). Three-way analysis of variances and interaction was applied to test for treatment approach, gender and operator effects on the mean VPT scores. Results: There was no statistically significant difference (p=0.80) observed between the mean VPT scores for the traditional approach and those for the ART approach and between ART with and without a chemomechanical caries removal gel (p=0.07). Children in Group A had lower mean VPT scores than children in Group B (p=0.02) and Group C (p < 0.00001) when treated using the ART approach by the same two operators. Conclusions: The level of dental anxiety was low. There was no difference in level of dental anxiety observed in children treated with ART in comparison to the traditional restorative approach, and between children treated with ART with and without a chemomechanical caries removal gel. The treatment environment and prepatory visits may be factors determining the level of dental anxiety in children treated through the ART approach only.
Bebek beslenmesinin çürük risk faktörleri üzerine etkisi
(Ege Üniversitesi, 2013) Topaloğlu Ak, Aslı; Aksu, Güzide; Eden, Ece; Özgenç, Funda
Giriş: Bu çalışmanın amacı sağlıklı bebeklerde probiyotikli yoğurt kullanımının Streptococcus mutans, laktobasiller, tükürük tamponlama kapasitesi, tükürük pH'ı ve tükürükte bulunan sekretuvar IgA seviyesi üzerine etkisinin değerlendirilmesidir. Hasta ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya E.Ü. Çocuk Hastanesi, Sağlıklı Çocuk Polikliniğine düzenli kontrol amaçlı başvuran normal gebeliği takiben sezeryan ile dünyaya gelmiş, sağlıklı 20 adet 6-8 aylık bebekler ve anneleri dahil edilmiştir. Bebekler çalışma ve kontrol grubu olarak rastgele 2 ye ayrılmışlardır. Çalışma grubu bebeklerden 3 hafta boyunca sabah ara öğününde düzenli olarak probiyotikli yoğurt (Sütaş Babymix sade) kullanmaları istenmiştir. İlk ve 3 hafta sonraki randevuda bebeklerden tükürük toplanmıştır. Annelerden başlangıçta tükürük pH ölçümü için uyarılmamış, diğer işlemler için uyarılmış tükürük örnekleri alınmıştır. Tükürük pH ölçümü için GC Dental Saliva pH Indicator (GC, Japan), tükürük tamponlama kapasitesi ölçümü için CRT Buffer (İvoclar Vivadent) stripler kullanılmıştır. Bakteriolojik inceleme uyarılmış tükürük örnekleri üzerinde, CRT Bacteria (Ivoclar- Vivadent) kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Tükürükteki sekretuvar IgA ölçümü için Enzyme-Linked-Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) (IBL International GMBH, Hamburg, Almanya) kullanılmıştır. Değerlendirme için; Annenin tükürük pH'ı, tükürük tamponlama kapasite ve tükürüğünde bulunan sekretuvar IgA değeri ile tükürükte bulunan mutans ve laktobasillerin kit değerlerinin skorlaması incelenmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra, bebeğin her iki grupta başlangıç ve 3 hafta sonundaki tükürük pH'ı, tükürük tamponlama kapasitesi, sekretuvar IgA değeri ve tükürükte bulunan mutans ve laktobasillerin kit değerlerinin skorlamaları Wilcoxon testi ile kıyaslanmıştır. Sonuçlar: Probiyotikli yoğurt kullanan bebeklerin üç hafta sonraki tükürük pH, streptococcus mutans,laktobasil değerleri ve Ig A değerleri anlamlı olarak değişiklik göstermezken tükürük tamponlama kapasitesi çalışma grubunda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir artış göstermiştir. Sonuç: Probiyotiklerin kullanımı ile genel sağlığın yanısıra ağız ve diş sağlığı açısından da pekçok faydalar elde edilebileceği gözönünde bulundurulduğunda, olabildiğince erken ve uzun sure kullanım ile sağlanacak avantajlara yönelik yeni çalışmalar yapılması gerekmektedir.;Probiotics, saliva buffering capacity, secretory IgA, and microbiology.;Probiyotik, tükürük tamponlama kapasitesi, sekretuvar IgA, mikrobiyoloji.
Bir Görme Engelliler Okulundaki Öğrencilerin Ağız-Diş Sağlığı Durumunun Belirleyicileri: Niteliksel Araştırma
(2022) Eden, Ece; Öcek, Zeliha Aslı; Tunca, Aydan
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı: görme engelli çocukların ağız-diş sağlığının belirleyicileri hakkında bilgi edinmektir ve ağız-diş sağlığının geliştirilmesi için neler yapılabileceğini araştırmaktır. Yöntem: Niteliksel verilere dayalı bu çalışmanın çalışma grubunu Aşık Veysel Görme Engelliler Okulunda gerçekleştirilen ağız-diş sağlığı eğitimine katılmış olan veliler ve öğretmenler oluşturmakta olup araştırmanın verileri veli ve öğretmen gruplarına özel olarak gerçekleştirilen dört odak grup görüşmesi ile toplanmıştır. Bulgu: Çalışmamızda 8 öğretmen, 9 veli ile yapılan 4 adet odak grup görüşmesi sonucunda; görme engelli çocuklarda ağız-diş sağlığı problemlerine sıklıkla rastlanıldığı ancak ağız-diş sağlığı hizmetlerine erişimde engellerin bulunduğu belirtilmiştir. Ağız-diş sağlığı davranışlarının belirleyicileri arasında okul ve öğretmenlerin etkisinin oldukça yoğun olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: Sağlık eğitiminin önemi ve velilerin, öğretmenlerin bu konudaki rolü; görme engelli çocukların ağız diş sağlığı durumunun belirleyicilerindendir. Okul, görme engelli çocukların ağız diş sağlığı açısından doğru alışkanlıklar kazandırılması için çok uygun bir ortamdır. Bu konuda daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.
Caries in primary molars of 6-7-year-old Turkish children as risk indicators for future caries development in permanent molars
(Elsevier Taiwan, 2010) Topaloglu-Ak, Asli; Eden, Ece
Background/purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether caries existence in the primary dentition at the age of 6-7 years can serve as a test to predict subsequent caries in the permanent first molars. Clinical examinations were carried out in suboptimal conditions of a school-based screening, where non-cavitated enamel caries could not be recorded. Materials and methods: Caries were recorded at baseline and 4 years later in 286 Turkish children aged 6-7 years old. Spearman's correlation coefficients between variables of the caries experience of the primary dentition at the age of 6-7 years and caries in the permanent first molars at the age of 10-11 years were calculated. The area under the ROC curve was used as a measure of predictive accuracy. Results: Caries experience of the primary dentition (dmft), primary molars (dmft molars), and primary second molars (dmft 2nd molars) showed a statistically significant correlation with caries (DMFT) 4 years later in the permanent first molars. Among the variables, the caries experience of the primary second molars was the most powerful caries predictor, which resulted in a value of 0.69 under the ROC curve. Conclusion: With the selection criterion "dmft2ndmolars=0" in this low-caries-incidence pediatric population, it was possible to identify children truly negative for misclassification.
Caries-Preventive Effect and Retention of Glass-Ionomer and Resin-Based Sealants: A Randomized Clinical Comparative Evaluation
(Hindawi Ltd, 2022) Uzel, Ilhan; Gurlek, Ceren; Kuter, Berna; Ertugrul, Fahinur; Eden, Ece
Background. Deep fissures are highly unprotected from the development of caries. Resin-based materials and glass-ionomer cements for sealing fissures are useful in caries control through physical barrier formation, which prohibits metabolic exchange between fissure microorganisms. Retention is one of the most critical properties of fissure sealants. This in vivo study is aimed at comparing and evaluating the clinical efficacy of resin and glass ionomer-based fissure sealants on first permanent molars with follow-ups at 6-, 12-, and 18-month intervals. Methods. A randomized split-mouth design clinical study was conducted after obtaining the ethical committee approval. A total of 50 patients, aged between 7 and 12 years, were randomized and enrolled in the study to perform a total of 200 sealant placements on all four caries-free and hypoplasia-free first permanent molars having deep fissures, which are susceptible to caries, were included in this study. The four permanent molars were divided into the following four groups: group A (control), B (Grandioseal, Voco, Germany), C (Smartseal & Loc, Detax Gmbh & Co, Germany), and D (Fuji triage capsule, GC, Belgium). The sealed molars were clinically evaluated at intervals of 6, 12, and 18 months to assess sealant retention, surface roughness, marginal coloration, and caries status through visual evaluation of the sealant by two evaluators. Results. Concerning retention, there were statistically significant differences between the sealants in terms of the survival of partial and fully retained sealants as well as in the survival of caries-free teeth. Two resin-based (Smartseal & Loc) and glass-ionomer cement (Fuji triage) sealants showed significantly similar performances in permanent molars for up to 18 months. In terms of retention, one of the resin-based (Grandioseal) sealants performed better as compared to the others and showed better caries prevention in deep fissures. Conclusion. It is concluded that both the sealants had comparable retention and caries-preventive effects in 7 to 12-year-old children and can be considered as suitable sealants for a period of at least 18 months in moderate caries risk patients.
Comparative evaluation of fluoride varnishes, self-assembling peptide-based remineralization agent, and enamel matrix protein derivative on artificial enamel remineralization in vitro
(Springer, 2021) Lena Sezici, Yagmur; Yetkiner, Enver; Aykut Yetkiner, Arzu; Eden, Ece; Attin, Rengin
Background One of the most unfavorable side effects of fixed orthodontic treatment is white spot lesions (WSLs). Although the most important approach is prevention of WSLs, it is also essential to evaluate the efficacy of the remineralization agents. However, there is no concurrence in the literature with respect to the remineralization process of these agents. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of different fluoride varnishes, enamel matrix protein, and self-assembling peptide derivatives with varying chemical compositions on remineralization of artificially created WSLs in vitro using quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF). Methods Artificial WSLs were created on bovine enamel samples using acidic buffer solution (pH 5, 10 days). Specimens were randomly allocated to six groups (n = 10/group): (1) Emdogain (Straumann, Basel, Switzerland), (2) Curodont Repair (Credentis AG, Switzerland), (3) Duraphat (Colgate-Palmolive, New York, NY), (4) Clinpro XT (3 M ESPE, Pymble, New South Wales, Australia), (5) Enamel Pro Varnish (Premier Dental Products, PA, USA), and (6) control (untreated). The agents were applied to the WSLs according to the manufacturers' instructions. Fluorescence loss (Delta F), lesion area (area), and impact (Delta Q) values of enamel surfaces were quantified by QLF-D Biluminator(TM) (Inspektor-Pro, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) at baseline and after 7, 14, and 21 days of application of the respective materials. Results Delta F value presented a significantly decreasing trend throughout the 21 days for all groups except the Duraphat and Enamel Pro varnishes. The changes between 14th and 21st days of the Clinpro XT varnish application were significantly higher than Emdogain, Curodont, and Enamel Pro. The Curodont group showed higher lesion area changes between the first and second week in comparison to the Emdogain, Clinpro XT, and Enamel Pro groups, whereas Clinpro XT assured the highest reduction from the second to the third week of the observation period. Conclusions The fluorescence loss was significantly reduced with enamel matrix protein, self-assembling peptide, and light-curable fluoride varnishes in the analysis for 21 days. Curodont and Clinpro XT were effective in diminishing the fluorescence loss and lesion area compared to the Duraphat, Enamel Pro fluoride varnishes, and Emdogain in different time points.
Comparison of Two School-Based Oral Health Education Programs in 9-Year-Old Children
(Sage Publications Inc, 2019) Eden, Ece; Akyildiz, Melis; Sonmez, Isil
This study evaluated the effectiveness of two school-based oral health education (OHE) programs on the oral health knowledge and behavior and oral hygiene of 9-year-old children in Turkey. The study included 1,053 school children aged 9 years in Aydin, Turkey. This study was a prospective, two-arm, and parallel-group clinical trial between two different OHE programs. The dentist group received one lecture on OHE given by dentists in the classroom. The teacher group had a similar lecture given by school teachers, including supporting materials which were available throughout the academic year. Oral health knowledge and behavior were evaluated with a questionnaire at baseline, and then at 1 and 6 months. In total, 110 students were randomly selected to undergo a plaque accumulation assessment according to the Silness-Loe Index at baseline and 1 month later to determine the effects of the education programs on oral hygiene. At baseline, tooth-brushing frequency was similar in the study groups. Compared with baseline, the frequency of brushing increased significantly after 1 and 6 months in both groups (p < .001). Teacher education was more effective for teaching correct brushing techniques (p < .001). A significant decrease in plaque accumulation has been evaluated in both study groups at the 1-month examination after the education session (p < .05). Both OHE programs were found to generate improvements in knowledge and behavior of children on oral health and plaque control in the short term.
Dental Travma ile İlgili İnternet Aracılığıyla Ulaşılan Bilgilerin Niteliğinin Değerlendirilmesi
(2020) Eden, Ece; Yılmaz, Ezgi
Giriş ve Amaç: DISCERN değerlendirme aracı kullanılarak, dental travma ile ilgili bilgi almak için arama motorları aracılığıyla görüntülenen web sitelerinin kalitesini değerlendirmektir. Yöntem ve Gereçler: 29/03/2019 ve 05/04/2019 tarihleri arasında dental travma ile ilgili 10 adet anahtar kelime belirlenmiş ve 3 ayrı arama motoru (Google, Yahoo, Bing) üzerinden bu anahtar kelimeler kullanılarak internet araştırmaları yapılmıştır. Reklam sayfaları, tekrarlayan sayfalar, akademik yayınlar, video ve görseller dışında kalan internet siteleri (n=47) DISCERN değerlendirme aracı kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Üç arama motoru ve 10 anahtar kelime ile saptanan 300 internet sitesi arasında 47 web sitesi (%15.67) değerlendirmeye değer bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar DISCERN değerlendirme aracında 80 puan üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Bütün soruların toplam puanı 40 ve üzerinde olan web sitelerinin oranı %42.55 (n=20), 40 puanın altında olan web sitelerinin oranı %57.45’tir (n=27). DISCERN değerlendirme aracına göre web siteleri arasında alınan en yüksek toplam skor 55, en düşük toplam skor ise 16’dır. Tartışma ve Sonuç: Dental travma ile ilgili internet bilgileri sınırlıdır. İnternette yer alan bilgilerin büyük çoğunluğu dental travmaya uğrayan kişilere travma sonrası yapılacak uygulamalar ile ilgili bilgi vermek ve kişileridoğru bir sağlık kuruluşuna yönlendirmek konusunda yeterli değildir. Konu ile ilgili nitelikli bir web sayfasına ihtiyaç vardır.
Dişhekimleri arasında fissur örtücünün kullanım sıklığı: Anket sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi
(2004) Eden, Ece; Candan, Ümit
Bu çalışmanın amacı, İzmir'de çalışan dişhekimlerinin fissür örtücü kullanma sıklığını, fissür örtücü kullanımı ile ilgili bilgi ve görüşlerini değerlendirmektir. Çalışmaya 21 adet soru bulunan anket formunu dolduran beşyüzyirmialtı dişhekimi katılmıştır. Anket formları yüzde olarak ve Khi-kare testi ile istatistiksel olarak değerlendirilmiştir.Değerlendirme sonucunda, dişhekimlerinin " %15:2'sinin fissür örtücü uygulamasını rutin olarak kullandığı belirlendi. Dişhekimlerinin fissür örtücüyü rutin olarak kullanmama nedenlerinin başında, çocuğun ailesinin yapılan tedaviyi anlamadığı ve görmediği bir tedaviye para ödemek istememesi gelmekteydi (%28). Fissür örtücü uygulamasıyla ile ilgili çocuk hastalarını ve dolayısıyla ailelerini bilgilendirme yapan dişhekimi oranı %43.7 olarak saptanırken, hastalarından dişhekimlerine fissür örtücü uygulanmasına yönelik talep oranı ise %8.9 olarak tespit edildi. Khi-kare analiz sonuçlan, mezuniyet tarihinin dişhekimlerinin rutin olarak fissür örtücü uygulamalarını istatistiksel olarak önemli derecede etkilediğini ortaya koymaktadır (p<0,05).Sonuç olarak, dişhekimlerinin hastalarına uygulayacakları profilaksi yöntemlerinde önemli bir yere sahip olan fissür örtücülerin çürük koruyucu özelliği hakkında bilgi eksiklikleri olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu nedenle, dişhekimleri için fissür örtücünün uygulama teknikleri, endikasyonları, klinik faydası gibi konuları içeren ileri eğitim programlarının uygulanması faydalı olacaktır.
Eden Baysal Dental Trauma Index: Face and content validation
(Wiley, 2020) Eden, Ece; Baysal, Mehmet; Andersson, Lars
Background/Aim Recording of traumatic dental injuries in the emergency situation with a simple and easily recordable index that will also enable computer registration is advantageous. the aim of this paper is to present a new index to facilitate recording traumatic dental injuries and assess its face and content validity. Materials and methods the index included information on the type of injury related to the affected structures (enamel, dentin, cement, pulp, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone) in accordance with Andreasen's classification. in addition, injuries to the alveolar bone and the maturity of the root were included. Fifteen dental trauma experts from 11 different countries rated the codes and content of the "Eden Baysal Dental Trauma Index" using the RAND modified e-Delphi consensus method. A statement was considered valid after reaching 75% consensus among panel members. Two rounds were necessary for reaching consensus on seven statements and the definition. the last version of the index was then presented online to a feedback group that included 10 experts from five countries to determine the external validity by representative cases. Results the wording of the definition showed 92.8% agreement in the first round. Statements 1 and 2 gave information about the structure of the index and both reached 90% agreement in the first round. Definition and statements from 1 to 7 reached agreement as 93.3%, 93.3%, 100%, 93.3%, 80%, 93.3%, 80%, and 93.3%, respectively, in the second round. Most of the experts in the feedback group reported that the index was useful and user-friendly. Conclusion After a total of two rounds with the panel members and one round with the feedback group, the "Eden Baysal Dental Trauma Index" was approved for face and content validity and external validity was obtained.
Effect of Orthodontic Appliances on Oral Microbiota-6 Month Follow-up
(Journal Pedodontics Inc, 2011) Topaloglu-Ak, Asli; Ertugrul, Fahinur; Eden, Ece; Ates, Mustafa; Bulut, Hakan
Objective: This study investigates the effect of fixed and removable orthodontic appliances among children on salivary Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus sp. and Candida albicans. Study Design: The study was conducted on 69 patients aged between 6-17 years who used fixed or removable orthodontic appliances. Five ml samples of unstimulated saliva from each patient were collected at baseline and at the I, 3 and 6 month periodic controls. Samples were diluted and plated on Mitis Salivarus Agar (MSA), Man Rogosa Sharp Agar (MRS) and Saboroud Dextrose Agar (SDA). The growths on the plates were examined under a stereomicroscope. Numbers of colony forming units (CFU) per plate were counted. For statistical analysis, the paired t test and Chi-Square were used. Results: S mutans and Lactobacillus sp counts increased significantly 6 months after the insertion of fixed/removable orthodontic appliances in the oral cavity. A significant increase for C albicans presence was noted after 3 months compared with baseline for fixed appliances. Conclusion: Long-term utilization of orthodontic appliances may have a negative effect on microbial flora and increase the risk of new carious lesions and periodontal problems. Patients should be recalled within short time intervals to be motivated for oral hygiene during their orthodontic therapy.
Effect of Short-term Probiotic Yogurt Consumption on Caries Risk Factors in Infants
(2019) Eden, Ece; Ak, Aslı Topaloğlu; Özgenç, Funda; Aksu, Güzide; Ergin, Ecem
Aim: We aimed to evaluate the effect of short-term probiotic yogurt consumption on pH, buffering capacity, and Streptococcus Mutans, Lactobacilli and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) levels in saliva of 6-8 months old healthy infants. Materials and Methods: Twenty healthy infants and their mothers were enrolled in the study. They were randomly allocated into two groups as study and control. In the study group, probiotic yogurt (Bifidobacterium Longum BB536, Bifidobacterium Bifidum Bb12, Lactobacillus Rhamnosus HN001) was given to infants for 3 weeks whereas, in the control group, home-made yogurt was consumed. A dental saliva pH-Indicator strip (GC, Japan) was used for salivary pH measurements. Buffering capacity was determined using CRT buffer (Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein). The counts of salivary mutans streptococci and lactobacilli were evaluated using CRT bacteria (Ivoclar Vivadent,Liechtenstein). ELISA was used for sIgA. Scores at baseline and three weeks after were statistically evaluated by Wilcoxon test using the IBM SPSS 20.0 program. Results: Salivary pH, IgA, S. mutans and lactobacilli values showed no significant change after 3 weeks of probiotic yogurt consumption, however there was a statistically significant increase in the buffering capacity of saliva (p=0.04). Conclusion: Short-term probiotic yogurt intervention in infants during the early stages of life might have benefits for oral health. Further studies with both short- and long-term use of probiotics must be implemented in infants to confirm the results and see the effects on other caries risk factors.
Effect of Short-term Probiotic Yogurt Consumption on Caries Risk Factors in Infants
(Galenos Yayincilik, 2019) Eden, Ece; Ak, Asli Topaloglu; Ozgenc, Funda; Aksu, Guzide; Ergin, Ecem
Aim: We aimed to evaluate the effect of short-term probiotic yogurt consumption on pH, buffering capacity, and Streptococcus Mutans, Lactobacilli and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) levels in saliva of 6-8 months old healthy infants. Materials and Methods: Twenty healthy infants and their mothers were enrolled in the study. They were randomly allocated into two groups as study and control. In the study group, probiotic yogurt (Bifidobacterium Longum BB536, Bifidobacterium Bifidum Bb12, Lactobacillus Rhamnosus HN001) was given to infants for 3 weeks whereas, in the control group, home-made yogurt was consumed. A dental saliva pH-Indicator strip (GC, Japan) was used for salivary pH measurements. Buffering capacity was determined using CRT buffer (Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein). The counts of salivary mutans streptococci and lactobacilli were evaluated using CRT bacteria (Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein). ELISA was used for sIgA. Scores at baseline and three weeks after were statistically evaluated by Wilcoxon test using the IBM SPSS 20.0 program. Results: Salivary pH, IgA, S. mutans and lactobacilli values showed no significant change after 3 weeks of probiotic yogurt consumption, however there was a statistically significant increase in the buffering capacity of saliva (p= 0.04). Conclusion: Short-term probiotic yogurt intervention in infants during the early stages of life might have benefits for oral health. Further studies with both short- and long-term use of probiotics must be implemented in infants to confirm the results and see the effects on other caries risk factors.
Effectiveness of 2-year application of school-based chlorhexidine varnish, sodium fluoride gel, and dental health education programs in high-risk adolescents
(Quintessence Publishing Co Inc, 2008) Ersin, Nazan Kocatas; Eden, Ece; Eronat, Nesrin; Totu, Fusun Irem; Ates, Mustafa
Objective: To compare the caries preventive effects of 2-year application of school-based chlorhexidine varnish, sodium fluoride gel, and dental health education programs among a high-risk group of 11- to 13-year-olds with low caries activity. Method and Materials: A total of 149 subjects who had previous caries experience in the primary dentition and Streptococcus mutans levels higher than 105 at baseline with 0 DMFS index were selected for this randomized clinical trial. Subjects were allocated to one of 3 groups for treatment with chlorhexidine varnish (n = 50), sodium fluoride gel (n = 50), or a dental health education program (n = 49), which were repeated throughout the 2-year study. The outcomes examined at the end of the study were the caries increment (DMFS index), dental plaque scores, and salivary S mutans counts. Results: The subjects in the education group showed a significant increase in the salivary levels of S mutans in comparison with the other groups (P =.004), but there was no significant difference among the groups in the caries increment after 2 years, with mean DMFS +/- SD as 0.95 +/- 1.33, 0.88 +/- 1.47, and 1.05 +/- 2.01 in the chlorhexidine varnish, sodium fluoride gel, and education groups, respectively. There were also no significant differences in the pre- and posttreatment plaque scores between the groups. Conclusion: Although all 3 preventive programs in this high-caries-risk group of children with low caries activity resulted in similar plaque and caries values after 2 years, longer follow-up studies are needed to clarify the effect of reduction in S mutans growth by chemotherapeutic agents in caries incidence.
Effects of an oral health program: Community-based education among mothers of young children living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2020) Ocek, Zeliha Asli; Eden, Ece; Yucel, Ummahan; Ciceklioglu, Meltem
INTRODUCTION: An oral health program for mothers starting from pregnancy in a disadvantaged district of zmir was performed in 2013-2016. Dental behaviors and their determinants among intervention and control groups were compared in the third phase of the program. METHODS: This nonrandomized-controlled study was conducted in Phase 3. The intervention group began with 248 pregnant women; 69.4% (n = 172) of mothers with 6-9-month-old babies participated in Phase 2, 2014. At Phase 3 (18-24 months), 68.6% (n = 118) of mothers in the intervention group and 113 mothers living in another district as controls were included. Sociodemographic characteristics, determinants of behaviors, and outcomes defined as dental behaviors in the last week were assessed using a questionnaire. RESULTS: Regarding knowledge, perceived severity, and fatalistic beliefs, the intervention group had higher correct answer percentages. The percentage of mothers who could clean their children's teeth before sleep was higher in the intervention group (76.3%; P < 0.05), but the difference was lost by a child's resistance. The significant difference on avoiding bedtime nursing (65.3%) and sugary snacks (74.4%) in the intervention group disappeared with the obstacle of a child's protests or interference from relatives. in the intervention group, 32.2% of the mothers reported that they did not give any sugary snacks, 43.2% had never fed during sleep, and 26.3% cleaned their children's teeth during the last week. The results in the control group were 24.8%, 18.6%, and 8.8%, respectively (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The program improved the mothers' views regarding the determinants of dental behaviors, but greater support against obstacles was needed. Social environmental support is planned for the following stages of the program.
Evaluation of children's dental anxiety levels at a kindergarten and at a dental clinic
(Sociedade Brasileira De Pesquisa Odontologica, 2016) Kilinc, Gulser; Akay, Aynur; Eden, Ece; Sevinc, Nilgun; Ellidokuz, Hulya
This study evaluated the dental anxiety levels of preschool children at a kindergarten and at a dental clinic. The anxiety levels of ninety 4-6-year-old (4.99 +/- 0.81) preschool children were evaluated according to pulse rates, the facial image scale (FIS), the Venham picture test (VPT), and the Frankl behavior rating scale. The children's mothers were asked to complete the state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) forms 1 and 2 (STAI 2 and STAI 2). The sample t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Pearson's correlation test were used. A statistically significant difference was observed between the children's pulse rates when measured at the dental clinic and those when measured at the kindergarten (p < 0.001). Although the results were not statistically significant, more negative facial expressions were observed in the children at the dental clinic than in those at the kindergarten when assessed using FIS and VPT (p = 0.090 and p = 0.108, respectively). There was a statistically significant correlation between the transient anxiety levels (STAI 1) of mothers and the VPT scores of their children evaluated at the dental clinic (r = 0.506, p < 0.001). The continuous anxiety level of the mothers of males was found to be significantly higher (p = 0.033) than that of the mothers of females (STAI 2). Although the children had been informed about dentistry and were introduced to a dentist at the kindergarten, their anxiety levels seemingly increased as they arrived at the dental clinic. The significant increase observed in the children's pulse rates was a physical indicator that their anxiety levels had increased. It can be concluded that the children felt more anxious at the dental clinic that at the kindergarten.
Extension of a novel diagnostic index to include soft tissue injuries: Modified Eden Baysal Dental Trauma Index
(Wiley, 2021) Eden, Ece; Onetto, Juan Eduardo; O'Connell, Anne C.
Aim Accurate records of traumatic dental injuries are important for clinical management and data collection for research. Soft tissue injuries often accompany dental trauma and should be appropriately recorded. The Eden Baysal Dental Trauma Index (EBDTI) provides an easy recording system of useful information about traumatic dental injuries on a tooth basis. The aim of this study was to extend the EBDTI index to record soft tissue injuries in a concise format and to approve the face and content validity of this version as the modified EBDTI (MEBDTI). Materials and Methods An extension to EBDTI was developed by adding superscript numbers from 0 to 8 to represent soft tissue injuries related to dental trauma. The Rand e-Delphi method was used to evaluate this version of the index. A definition and two statements about the index were sent to 15 international panel experts to be assessed independently on a 9-point Likert scale where 1 represented total disagreement, and 9 indicated total agreement. The panel needed to reach a 75% consensus for validation. A numerical code was suggested using zero to depict no soft tissue injury; 1-4 to record extra-oral injuries; and 5-8 to record intra-oral injuries (for example, gingiva, frenulum, and palate). Traumatic dental injury of the tooth/teeth is recorded using EBDTI in square brackets, and soft tissue codes are used as superscript numbers outside the brackets on a patient basis. Results The panel reached a consensus on the definition (86.7%) and two statements (86.7% and 93.3%) in one round. Various cases are presented to demonstrate the application of the index. Conclusion The Modified Eden Baysal Dental Trauma Index was developed to record soft tissue. injuries on a patient basis and was approved for face and content validity.
Fissür örtücü olarak kullanılabilecek rezin ve cam iyonomer esaslı dental materyallerin fiziksel özelliklerinin in vitro olarak incelenmesi
(Ege Üniversitesi, 2019) Eden, Ece
Fissür örtücü uygulamaları okluzal çürük oluşumunu önlemek için koruyucu tedavi planlamasının önemli bir basamağı olduğu belirtilmiştir. Bu tedavinin klinik olarak uzun vadede başarılı olabilmesi materyalin özelliklerine ve diş yüzeyine bağlanma kalitesine bağlıdır. Günümüzde bu başarıyı arttırabilmek için farklı içerikte fissür örtücüler piyasaya sürülmüştür. Buna ek olarak mine yüzeyi ile bağlanmasını kuvvetlendirmek amacıyla farklı mine preparasyon teknikleri araştırılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı fissür örtücü olarak uygulanılan ve kullanılabilecek farklı içeriklere sahip dental materyallerin in vitro koşullarda fiziksel özelliklerini değerlendirmek ve bir mine preparasyon tekniği olan deproteinizasyon uygulamasının bağlanmaya etkisini araştırmaktır. Çekilmiş 20 yaş dişlerin okluzal yüzeylerinde deproteinizasyon işlemi uygulanmış ve uygulanmamış gruplara rezin bazlı (Clinpro, Icon, Superbond) ve cam iyonomer bazlı (GCP Glass Fill, GCP Glass Seal, Fuji Triage) dental materyaller fissür örtücü olarak uygulanmıştır. İn vitro koşullarda mikrosızıntı ve bağlanma dayanımları karşılaştırılmış ve materyallerin mikrosertlik değerleri ölçülmüştür. Rezin bazlı dental materyal olan Icon (DMG, Hamburg, Almanya) grubu materyalin çok akıcı olması nedeniyle mikrosertlik ve bağlanma dayanımı testine tabi tutulamamıştır. Mikrosertlik sonuçlarına göre en yüksek mikrosertlik değeri GC Fuji Triage (GC Europe, Leuven, Belçika), en düşük mikrosertlik değeri ise Clinpro (3M Espe, ABD) grubunda gözlenmiştir. Sadece GCP Glass Fill (GCP Dental, Hollanda) ve GCP Glass Seal (GCP Dental, Hollanda) arasında fark istatistiksel olarak anlamsız bulunmuştır (p?0.86). Mikrosızıntı açısından karşılaştırıldıklarında rezin bazlı grupta Clinpro (3M Espe, ABD) materyali ve cam iyonomer bazlı grupta Fuji Triage (GC Europe, Leuven, Belçika) materyali daha az mikrosızıntı göstermiştir. En yüksek bağlanma dayanımı değeri Clinpro (11,6 4,2 MPa) materyalinde, en düşük bağlanma değeri ise Fuji Triage (0,4 0,5 MPa) olarak rapor edilmiştir. Fissür örtücü uygulaması öncesinde deproteinizasyon işleminin bağlanma dayanımına ve mikrosızıntıya bir etkisinin olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak ilerleyen teknoloji ve farklı yaklaşımlarla gelişmelerin devam ederek daha etkin bir materyal arayışına devam edilmesi gerekmektedir.;Makaslama Bağlanma Dayanımı; Mikrosızıntı; Deproteinizasyon; Fissür Örtücüler; Karbomer; Rezin İnfiltrasyon Tekniği.;Shear Bond Strength; Microleakage; Deproteinization; Fissure Sealants; Carbomer; Resin Infiltration Technique.

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