Zoledronate upregulates MMP-9 and -13 in rat vascular smooth muscle cells by inducing oxidative stress
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2016
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Dove Medical Press Ltd.
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Background: Bisphosphonates, including zoledronate, target osteoclasts and are widely used in the treatment of osteoporosis and other bone resorption diseases, despite side effects that include damaging the stomach epithelium. Beneficial and adverse effects on other organ systems, including the cardiovascular system, have also been described and could impact on the use of bisphosphonates as therapeutic agents. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are major constituents of the normal vascular wall and have a key role in intimal thickening and atherosclerosis, in part by secreting MMPs that remodel the extracellular matrix and cleave cell surface proteins or secreted mediators. In this study, we investigated the effects of zoledronate on MMP expression. Methods: Rat VSMCs were stimulated by PDGF (50 ng/mL) plus TNF-? (10 ng/mL) or left unstimulated for a further 24 hours in serum-free medium. In other series of experiments, cells were pre-treated either with SC-514 (50 µM) or with apocynin (20 nM) for 2 hours, then zoledronate (100 µM) was added into 2% fetal calf serum containing medium for 24 hours. Results and discussion: Using isolated rat VSMCs in culture, zoledronate (100 µM) increased MMP-9 and -13 mRNA expressions but inhibited MMP-2 expression. MMP-9 and MMP-13 up-regulation was shown to depend on the NF-?B pathway; and this was activated by zoledronate. Furthermore, zoledronate elevated the levels of reactive oxygen species detected by either dichlorofluorescein in isolated VSMCs or lucigenin enhanced chemiluminescence in rat aortic rings in vitro. Apocynin, an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase, reversed NF-?B activation and MMP-9 and MMP-13 up-regulation by zoledronate. Conclusion: We conclude that zoledronate increases MMP-9 and MMP-13 expressions in rat VSMCs dependent upon stimulation of the NF-?B pathway by reactive oxygen species. Effects on MMP expression may contribute to the pharmacologic profile of bisphosphonates. © 2016 Arun et al.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Bisphosphonate, Matrix metalloproteinase, Reactive oxygen species, Vascular smooth muscle cell, Zoledronate
Kaynak
Drug Design, Development and Therapy
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Q1
Cilt
10
