Yerli ve yabancı kaynaklı pamuklarda gelişme periyotları, agronomik, verim ve teknolojik özellikler üzerinde çalışmalar
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
1996
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
36 7 ÖZET Ege Üniveristesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü'nün Bornova' daki deneme tarlalarında 1995 yılı yaz periyodu boyunca yürütülen bu araştırma basit faktöriyel düzende, tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre üç farklı türe ait (G. hirsutum L., G. barbadense L. ve G. herbaceum L.) 12 pamuk çeşidi (Ege 69, Coker 100 A/2, Nazilli 84, Nazilli 87, Delcerro, Gossypolsuz 86, Coker Carolina Queen, Erşan 92, Sayar 314, Maydos Yerlisi, Giza 45 ve Pima S4) ile 2 tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Her parselin alanı ekimde 3,85 m2 (70 x 55 cm) olarak planlanmıştır. Tekerrürlerin başına kenar tesiri olarak birer sıra ekim yapılmıştır. Ayrıca hasat sırasında parsellerin her iki ucundaki ikişer bitki kenar tesiri olarak bırakılmıştır. Denemeye alınan çeşitlerde büyüme-gelişme periyotlen ile bazı vejatatif, generatif ve teknolojik özellikler incelenmiştir. Deneme genel ortalaması olarak ekim-ilk çiçek açma periyodu 64,57 gün, ekim-ilk koza açma periyodu ise 108,7 gün olarak saptanmıştır. Her iki periyotta da düşük değerler, Nazilli 87, Ege 69, ve Maydos Yerlisi'nde görülürken, yüksek değerler, G. barbadense L. türüne dahil olan Giza 45 ve Pima S4'de belirlenmiştir. Çeşitlerin birinci el kütlü oranı değerleri ile ekim-ilk koza açma gün sayısı arasında özellikle farklı türlerde daha belirgin olmak üzere ters ilişki dikkat çekici olmuştur. G. hirsutum L. türüne dahil çeşitlerde birinci el kütlü oranı %75-80 dolayında bulunurken, G. barbadense L. türünden olan Pima S4 ve Giza 45 çeşitlerinde %40-47 dolayında bulunmuştur. Denemede bitki boyu çeşitlere göre 67,4 cm (C. C. Queen) ile 92,7 cm (Maydos Yerlisi) arasında değişmiş, deneme genel ortalaması 79,16 cm bulunmuştur. Meyve dalı sayısının deneme ortalaması ise 1 1,95 adet/bitki olmuş, en yüksek meyve dalı sayısı (15,0 adet/bitki) Delcerro çeşidinde görülmüştür. Denemede genel ortalama olarak bitki başın koza sayısı 11,31 adet, koza kütlü ağırlığı 4,44 g bulunmuştur. Dekara kütlü verimi çeşitlere göre 182,5 kg/da (Maydos37 Yerlisi) ile 279,1 kg/da (Nazilli 87) arasında değişmiş, deneme genel ortalaması 238,9 kg/da olmuştur. Lif uzunluğu deneme ortalaması 28,68 mm olarak belirlenirken, G. barbadense L. türüne dahil Giza 45 ve Pima S4 ile Delcerro, diğerlerine göre hayli yüksek değerler vermiştir. Lif mukavemeti Delcerro çeşidinde 110,7 pressley ile en yüksek çıkmıştır. Giza 45 ve Pima S4'de ise muhtemelen vejatasyonun kısalığı nedeniyle lifler tam olgunlaşmadığmdan beklenen değerlere ulaşılamamıştır. Denemede lif inceliği 3,87 mic/indeks genel ortalama değerini vermiştir. Tohum indeksinin deneme genel ortalaması 10,35 g bulunurken, hav oram % 9,03 çıkmıştır. En düşük hav oranı değeri beklenildiği gibi Nazilli 84, Giza 45 ve Pima S4 gibi çıplak tohumlu çeşitlerde görülmüştür
38 8 SUMMARY An investigation was carried out in the experimental field of Field Crops Department of Ege University Agricultural Faculty, in Bornova-Izmir during summer season of 1995, as a randomized complete block design with two replications, plot size being 3,85 m2. In order to prevent border effect, one plot was added on both sides of each block. Twelve varieties ( Ege 69, Coker 100 A/2, Nazilli 84, Nazilli 87, Delcerro, Gossypolsüz 86, Coker C. Queen, Erşan 92, Sayar 314, Maydos Yerlisi, Giza 45 and Pima S4) from different cotton species (Gossypium hirsutism L.. G. herbaceum L. and G. barbadenseL..) were compared for growing and developing periods and their vegetative, generative and technological traits. Average sowing-first flowering period was determined as 64.57 days, and the average boll opening period was 108,7 days. Some of the cultivars investigated such as Nazilli 87, Ege 69 and Maydos Yerlisi were found to be earliest ones, whereas some of them of G. barbadense L. origin ( Pima S4 and Giza 45) were found to be the latest. The relationship between the length of sowing - first boll opening periot and the percentage of first picking changed by cultivars (especially in different species ). In the G. hirsutum L. varieties, first picking rate was approximately 75-80%, whereas 40-47% in Giza 45 and Pima S4. Plant height changed from 67,4 cm (C. C. Queen) to 92,7 cm (Maydos Yerlisi), the average of the experiment was 79,16 cm. The average number of sympodia was found to be 1 1,95 and Delcerro had the highest value. The average number of boll per plant was 11,31 and seed-cotton per boll was 4,44g. Seed-cotton yields changed from 182,5 kg/da (Maydos Yerlisi) to 279,1 kg/da (Nazilli 87) and the average yield was 238,9 kg/da. In the study, the average stable length was determined as 28,68 mm and the cultivars ( Giza 45 and Pima S4 ) of G. barbadense L. origin and Delcerro had higher values than the others. Also the stable strength of the lint of Delcerro had the highest value (110.7 pressley). With regart to this trait, the cultivars Giza 45 and Pima S4 did not reache the expected value. This situation could be explained by the fact that the39 vegetation period of these cultivars was too long they did not adapt to the short summer season of Bornova, so these cultivars could not mature their lint. The average of the lint thickness was 3,87 mic/index. Finally, the average of the seed index was determinated as 10,35 g and the average rate of fuzz was found as 9,03%. The naked seeded cultivars like Nazilli 84, Giza 45 and Pima S4 had the minimum fuzz rate as reported by others.
38 8 SUMMARY An investigation was carried out in the experimental field of Field Crops Department of Ege University Agricultural Faculty, in Bornova-Izmir during summer season of 1995, as a randomized complete block design with two replications, plot size being 3,85 m2. In order to prevent border effect, one plot was added on both sides of each block. Twelve varieties ( Ege 69, Coker 100 A/2, Nazilli 84, Nazilli 87, Delcerro, Gossypolsüz 86, Coker C. Queen, Erşan 92, Sayar 314, Maydos Yerlisi, Giza 45 and Pima S4) from different cotton species (Gossypium hirsutism L.. G. herbaceum L. and G. barbadenseL..) were compared for growing and developing periods and their vegetative, generative and technological traits. Average sowing-first flowering period was determined as 64.57 days, and the average boll opening period was 108,7 days. Some of the cultivars investigated such as Nazilli 87, Ege 69 and Maydos Yerlisi were found to be earliest ones, whereas some of them of G. barbadense L. origin ( Pima S4 and Giza 45) were found to be the latest. The relationship between the length of sowing - first boll opening periot and the percentage of first picking changed by cultivars (especially in different species ). In the G. hirsutum L. varieties, first picking rate was approximately 75-80%, whereas 40-47% in Giza 45 and Pima S4. Plant height changed from 67,4 cm (C. C. Queen) to 92,7 cm (Maydos Yerlisi), the average of the experiment was 79,16 cm. The average number of sympodia was found to be 1 1,95 and Delcerro had the highest value. The average number of boll per plant was 11,31 and seed-cotton per boll was 4,44g. Seed-cotton yields changed from 182,5 kg/da (Maydos Yerlisi) to 279,1 kg/da (Nazilli 87) and the average yield was 238,9 kg/da. In the study, the average stable length was determined as 28,68 mm and the cultivars ( Giza 45 and Pima S4 ) of G. barbadense L. origin and Delcerro had higher values than the others. Also the stable strength of the lint of Delcerro had the highest value (110.7 pressley). With regart to this trait, the cultivars Giza 45 and Pima S4 did not reache the expected value. This situation could be explained by the fact that the39 vegetation period of these cultivars was too long they did not adapt to the short summer season of Bornova, so these cultivars could not mature their lint. The average of the lint thickness was 3,87 mic/index. Finally, the average of the seed index was determinated as 10,35 g and the average rate of fuzz was found as 9,03%. The naked seeded cultivars like Nazilli 84, Giza 45 and Pima S4 had the minimum fuzz rate as reported by others.
Açıklama
Bu tezin, veri tabanı üzerinden yayınlanma izni bulunmamaktadır. Yayınlanma izni olmayan tezlerin basılı kopyalarına Üniversite kütüphaneniz aracılığıyla (TÜBESS üzerinden) erişebilirsiniz.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture, Agronomik özellikler, Agronomic characteristics, Pamuk, Cotton, Tarla bitkileri, Field crops, Teknolojik özellikler, Technological properties, Verim ögeleri, Yield components
