Anatomocosmetic implication rules of the corrugator supercilii muscle for youthful eye appearance

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dc.contributor.authorPinar, Yelda
dc.contributor.authorGovsa, Figen
dc.contributor.authorOzer, Mehmet Asim
dc.contributor.authorErtam, Ilgen
dc.date.accessioned2019-10-27T11:25:03Z
dc.date.available2019-10-27T11:25:03Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.departmentEge Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractThe dynamic balance of the eyebrows is maintained by the frontal muscle which acts as a brow elevator, and the brow depressors include corrugator supercilii muscle (CSM), procerus, depressor supercilii, and orbicularis oculi muscles. The glabellar rhytids might appear as a result of negative emotions, such as anger, anxiety, fatigue, fear, or disapproval. For youthful and calmer eyes, CSM may restore the muscle balance more safely and effectively for the treatments of forehead rejuvenation. In 50 cadaver hemibrows, CSM was dissected to investigate the location, position, muscle patterns, and its relationships to other muscles. The location of the CSM was variable; five different CSM patterns were defined. Pattern 1: rectangular-shaped classical type was observed with the frequency of 42.5 %. Also, three bellies were present in 25 %, and duplicate muscle in 12.5 %. Irregular flat (15 %) and hypoplastic types (5 %) were introduced as previously unidentified patterns. In muscle specimens, 30 % had complete symmetry, 45 % complete asymmetry, and 25 % semi-assymetry. Mean CSM thickness, length, and width were measured as 1.62 +/- A 0.4, 29.24 +/- A 6.4, and 12.62 +/- A 3.3 mm, respectively. The distances of the medial origo of the CSM-midline and the lateral origo of the CSM-midline were measured as 5.54 +/- A 4.89 and 14.62 +/- A 4.17 mm. The different patterns of the CSM were undefined previously. The findings manifest the necessity of botox treatment peculiar to each individual. As, insertion points have been releasing fibres to the peripheral muscles, it is an evidence of its complicated structure. The muscles in the glabella are difficult to demarcate precisely from surface anatomy due to overlapped muscles with intermingled borders, where they are attached as individual patterns. Hence, it might be disadvantageous that different patterns may lead to the risk of asymmetry of the face and brow ptosis in the postinjection period.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s00276-016-1666-1en_US
dc.identifier.endpage1051en_US
dc.identifier.issn0930-1038
dc.identifier.issn1279-8517
dc.identifier.issue9en_US
dc.identifier.pmid27021220en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2en_US
dc.identifier.startpage1045en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-016-1666-1
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11454/33350
dc.identifier.volume38en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000386066500007en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherSpringer Franceen_US
dc.relation.ispartofSurgical and Radiologic Anatomyen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectCorrugator supercilii muscleen_US
dc.subjectCosmetic implicationsen_US
dc.subjectBotoxen_US
dc.subjectRhytidsen_US
dc.subjectWrinkleen_US
dc.subjectYouthful appearanceen_US
dc.titleAnatomocosmetic implication rules of the corrugator supercilii muscle for youthful eye appearanceen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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