Ahmet Mithat Efendi'nin roman ve hikayelerinde aile yapısı
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2019
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Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Ahmet Mithat Efendi 1870 yılında hikâye yazarak başladığı yazın hayatına 1874 yılından itibaren romanları eklemiştir. Hasan Mellah ile başlayan romanları, Jön Türk ile son bulmuştur. Tanzimat Dönemi'nin en belirgin sorunu olan Batılılaşmanın yanlış anlaşılması üzerine Tanzimat yazarlarının ortak sorunu haline gelen alafranga tiplerin ortaya çıkışı, eserler için geniş bir malzeme yaratmıştır. Roman ve hikâye gibi edebiyata yeni giren türlerle, toplumun yeni girdiği medeniyet dairesi doğru anlatılmaya çalışılmıştır. Ahmet Mithat Efendi'nin 1879-1882 yılları arasında yazdığı romanlarla, geleneksel Osmanlı toplumunun aileye bakışını, evlilik hayatını yargılayışını, önlenemez duyguların varlığını söze döküşünü hikâye etmiştir. Bu yıllar bizi Şefik ve Raziye, Resmi, Kalyopi, Suphi ve Hicabi, Dürdane ve Ulviye, Necati ve Ferdane ile tanıştırmıştır. 1891 yılında yazılan Müşahedat, Osmanlı toplumundaki gayri Müslimlerin yaşantısından kesitler sunarken 1895 yılında yazılan Taaffüf, tam bir evlilik notudur. 1898 yılında yazılan Mesail-i Muğlaka, artık olgunluğa erişmiş ideal Osmanlı gencinin ulaştığı son noktadır ki bu gencin tam on yıl gerisinde Demir Bey yahut İnkişaf-ı Esrar'da Mustafa Kamerüddin bize olması gereken "şık" tanımını yapmaktadır. Ahmet Mithat Efendi düşünen bir adam olarak, düşündüklerini paylaşmaktan hiç çekinmemiştir. Toplumun her kesiminden kadın ve erkeği kendine roman ve hikâye kişisi olarak seçen yazar, çok eşlilik, kaç-göç- görücü usulü evlilik kavramlarına bakış açısını göstermiştir. Hemen hemen tüm eserlerinde Batı medeniyetinin doğru anlaşılması gerektiğini özenle belirtmiştir. Batı'nın, özellikle Fransızların yaşam biçiminde gördüğü olumsuzlukları okuyucusuna iyice ezberletmiş ve olmaması gereken tüm davranışları, alafranga tiplerine yaptırarak gördükleri zararları topluma ibret olarak sunmuştur. İnsanların ahlakından yetişme tarzına, iktisattan modaya, ekonomiden felsefe ve ilime kadar her konunun içinde olan Ahmet Mithat Efendi edebiyatı, bilgi aktarımı için kullanmıştır. Sık sık kurgularının içine girmiş ve okuyucuyu yönlendirmiştir. Yönlendirmelerinde çoğunlukla bilgisi yanında tecrübelerinden faydalandığını söylemek yanlış olmayacaktır. Ahmet Mithat Efendi'nin, aileyi temel aldığı yaşam biçimini, yeni girilen medeniyet dairesinde daha işlevsel hale getirme gayretinde olduğu söylenebilir.
Ahmet Mithat Efendi, who started writing by writing a story in 1870, has added novels since 1874. His novels started with Hasan Mellah and ended with Young Turk. The emergence of alafranga types, which became the common problem of Tanzimat writers upon the misunderstanding of Westernization, which is the most prominent problem of the Tanzimat Period, created a wide material for the works. With the new genres of literature such as novels and stories, the new civilization department of the society has been tried to be told correctly. In the novels written by Ahmet Mithat Efendi between 1879-1882, he told the story of traditional Ottoman society's view of the family, judging the life of marriage, and the existence of inevitable feelings. These years introduced us to Şefik and Raziye, Resmi, Kalyopi, Suphi and Hicabi, Dürdane and Ulviye, Necati and Ferdane. Müşahedat, written in 1891, presents sections of the life of non-Muslims in Ottoman society, while Taaffüf, written in 1895, is a complete marriage note. Mesail-i Muğlaka, written in 1898, is the last point reached by the ideal Ottoman youth who has reached maturity, just ten years behind this young man, Mustafa Kamerüddin in İnkişaf-ı Esrar define us as “elegant” man. Ahmet Mithat Efendi, as a thinking man, never hesitated to share what he thought. The writer, who chooses women and men from all walks of life as heroes, has shown his perspective on polygamy, how-to-migrate and arranged marriage. In almost all his works, he carefully stated that Western civilization should be understood correctly. He memorized the problems of the West, especially the French, in the way of life, and presented all the behaviors that should not have been done to the types of alafranga as a warning to the society. Ahmet Mithat Efendi, who is in every subject from the morality of people to the upbringing, from economics to fashion, from economics to philosophy and science, has used literature for the transfer of knowledge. He often went into his fiction and directed the reader. It would not be wrong to say that he often uses his knowledge as well as his experiences in his referrals. It can be said that Ahmet Mithat Efendi strives to make the life style on which the family is based more functional in the newly entered civilization department.
Ahmet Mithat Efendi, who started writing by writing a story in 1870, has added novels since 1874. His novels started with Hasan Mellah and ended with Young Turk. The emergence of alafranga types, which became the common problem of Tanzimat writers upon the misunderstanding of Westernization, which is the most prominent problem of the Tanzimat Period, created a wide material for the works. With the new genres of literature such as novels and stories, the new civilization department of the society has been tried to be told correctly. In the novels written by Ahmet Mithat Efendi between 1879-1882, he told the story of traditional Ottoman society's view of the family, judging the life of marriage, and the existence of inevitable feelings. These years introduced us to Şefik and Raziye, Resmi, Kalyopi, Suphi and Hicabi, Dürdane and Ulviye, Necati and Ferdane. Müşahedat, written in 1891, presents sections of the life of non-Muslims in Ottoman society, while Taaffüf, written in 1895, is a complete marriage note. Mesail-i Muğlaka, written in 1898, is the last point reached by the ideal Ottoman youth who has reached maturity, just ten years behind this young man, Mustafa Kamerüddin in İnkişaf-ı Esrar define us as “elegant” man. Ahmet Mithat Efendi, as a thinking man, never hesitated to share what he thought. The writer, who chooses women and men from all walks of life as heroes, has shown his perspective on polygamy, how-to-migrate and arranged marriage. In almost all his works, he carefully stated that Western civilization should be understood correctly. He memorized the problems of the West, especially the French, in the way of life, and presented all the behaviors that should not have been done to the types of alafranga as a warning to the society. Ahmet Mithat Efendi, who is in every subject from the morality of people to the upbringing, from economics to fashion, from economics to philosophy and science, has used literature for the transfer of knowledge. He often went into his fiction and directed the reader. It would not be wrong to say that he often uses his knowledge as well as his experiences in his referrals. It can be said that Ahmet Mithat Efendi strives to make the life style on which the family is based more functional in the newly entered civilization department.
