Eş şiddeti mağduru kadınlara uygulanan teorilerüstü model temelli eğitim ve danışmanlık programının etkinliğinin belirlenmesi
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Tarih
2019
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu araştırma, şiddet mağduru kadınlara yönelik geliştirilen "Teorilerüstü Model" temelli eğitim ve danışmanlık programının, kadınların ilişki değişim aşamalarına, karar verme dengelerine, öz-yeterliliklerine olan etkisini incelemek amacıyla tek grup ön-test son-test yarı deneysel desende yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini bir adliyenin Ailenin Korunması ve Kadına Karşı Şiddet Suçları Soruşturma Bürosu'na Mart-Eylül 2018 başvuran, çalışmanın dahil edilme ve araştırma dışında bırakma ölçütlerine uyan eş şiddeti mağduru 40 kadın oluşturmuştur. Şiddet mağduru kadınlardan, Adalet Baknlığı'ndan, yerel etik kuruldan ve ölçeklerin sahibinden yazılı onamlar alınmıştır. Teoriler üstü modele dayandırılan eğitim ve danışmanlık programı öncesinde; veriler birey tanıtım formu, eş şiddeti türünü belirleme aracı, şiddet mağduru kadının değişim aşamaları ölçeği (ŞMKDA), telefon görüşme formu ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile yüz yüze görüşülerek toplanmıştır. ŞMKDA ölçeğinin, Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları Uysal Toraman ve Yıldırım (2018) tarafından yürütülmüştür. Şiddet mağduru kadınlara dört oturum ve her oturum 45 dk olacak şekilde, şiddete yönelik bilgilendirici ve haklarını öğretici eğitimler verilmiştir. Eğitimlerden sonra 1.ay, 3. Ay ve 6.ay izlemler yapılmıştır. Bununla birlikte eğitim programından sonraki 4.ay ve 5.aylarda kadınları güçlendirmeye yönelik eğitim sonrası araştırmacı tarafından telefon ile motivasyonel görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Teorilerüstü modelin kullanıldığı çalışmalarda girişimin etkisinin en az altı ay sonra ortaya çıktığı gerçeğinden yola çıkarak, 6. ayda son izlem yapılmıştır. Programın başlangıcında, 1.ay, 3. ay sonunda altıncı ayda yapılan son izlemde kadınların değişim aşamaları, karar dengesi ve özyeterlilikleri değerlendirilmiştir. Altıncı ayın sonunda eğitim ve danışmanlık programına katılan sekiz şiddet mağduru kadınla odak grup görüşmesi yapılmış ve program hakkındaki görüşler nitel veri olarak toplanmıştır. Şiddet mağduru kadınların girişim öncesi (ön izlem) ve sonrası 2. İzlem (1.ay), 3. İzlem (3.ay) ve 4. İzlem (6.ay) (son izlem)' de belirlenen dört farklı zamanda yapılan izlemlerde, belirlenen değişim aşamaları arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Şiddet mağduru kadınların hiçbirinde değişim aşamasında gerileme olmamıştır, %97.1'inde değişim aşamasında ilerleme saptanmış ve %2.9'unda aşama değişimi olmamıştır. Girişim öncesi izlem ile altıncı ay izlem arasındaki aşama değişimlerinin, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0.01). Şiddet mağduru kadınların eğitim ve danışmanlık programı öncesi ve sonrasında "ilişkide artılar" ve "ilişkide eksiler" alt ölçeğinin program öncesi ve sonrası puan ortalamaları arasındaki farkı anlamlı bulunmuş ayrıca "İlişkide Çekici Gelen Durumlar" ve "İlişkide Çekici Gelen Durumlarda Kendine Güven" ölçeğinin program öncesi ve sonrası puan ortalamaları arasındaki farkında anlamlı olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0.01). Sonuç olarak bu çalışma şiddet mağduru kadınların şiddete yönelik korunma davranışlarını, ilişki değişim aşamalarını, karar dengesi algısını ve özyeterliliklerini geliştirmiştir. Şiddet mağdurlarının başvurduğu kurumlarda hemşireler örnek eğitim ve danışmanlık modelini kullanabilirler.
This study was conducted in a single group pre-test post-test quasi-experimental design in order to examine the effect of Transtheoretical Model based education and counseling program on women affected by violence on relationship change stages, decision-making balances and self-efficacy. The sample of the study consisted of 40 women who applied to the Bureau for the Protection of Family and Violent Crimes Against Women in a courthouse in March-September 2018, who met the criteria for inclusion and exclusion for the study. Written ethical informed consent was obtained from women victims of violence, the Ministry of Justice, the local ethics committee and the owner of the scales. Prior to the education and counseling program based on the theories Transtheoretical Model; Data were collected by face-to-face interviews with the individual identification form, the instrument for determining the type of spousal violence, Processes of Change in Abused Women Scales (PROCAWS), telephone interview form and semi-structured interview form. The Turkish validity and reliability studies of the Processes of Change in Abused Women Scales (PROCAWS) were conducted by Uysal Toraman and Yıldırım (2018). The Turkish validity and reliability studies of the PROCAWS were conducted by Uysal Toraman and Yildirim (2018). Women who were victims of violence were given four informative and informative education sessions on violence for 45 minutes each session. After the educations (1st month, 3rd month and 6th month) follow-up was performed. However, in the 4th and 5th months following the training program, motivational interviews were conducted by the researcher by telephone after education to empower women. Based on the fact that the effect of the intervention appeared at least six months later in the studies using the Transtheoretical model, the last follow-up was performed at 6th months. At the beginning of the program, at the end of the first month and at the end of the third month at the end of the sixth month, the stages of changes, decisional balance and self-efficacy of women were evaluated. At the end of the sixth month, a focus group meeting was planned with eight women who participated in the education and counseling program and the opinions about the program were collected as qualitative data. Written informed consent was obtained from women victims of intimate partner violence, the Ministry of Justice, the local ethics committee and the owner of the scale. In the follow-up at four different times for the women who were victims of intimate partner violence, the follow-up was determined in the 2nd follow-up (1st month), 3rd follow-up (3rd month) and 4th follow-up (6th month) (final follow-up). The difference between the determined stages of change was statistically significant (p <0.05). None of the victims of intimate partner violence women regression who experienced a change in the stage of change, 97.10% of them showed progress in the change phase and 2.9% did not change. Stage of changes between preoperative follow-up and six-month follow-up were statistically significant (p <0.01). Before and after the education and counseling program of the victims of intimate partner violence, the pros and cons scales, the Temptations and Confidence Scales difference between the mean scores was found to be significant (p <0.01). As a result, this study improved the protection behaviors, relationship stages of changes, decisional balance perception and self-efficacy of intimate partner violence victim women. In institutions where victims of intimate partner violence apply, nurses can use a model training and counseling model.
This study was conducted in a single group pre-test post-test quasi-experimental design in order to examine the effect of Transtheoretical Model based education and counseling program on women affected by violence on relationship change stages, decision-making balances and self-efficacy. The sample of the study consisted of 40 women who applied to the Bureau for the Protection of Family and Violent Crimes Against Women in a courthouse in March-September 2018, who met the criteria for inclusion and exclusion for the study. Written ethical informed consent was obtained from women victims of violence, the Ministry of Justice, the local ethics committee and the owner of the scales. Prior to the education and counseling program based on the theories Transtheoretical Model; Data were collected by face-to-face interviews with the individual identification form, the instrument for determining the type of spousal violence, Processes of Change in Abused Women Scales (PROCAWS), telephone interview form and semi-structured interview form. The Turkish validity and reliability studies of the Processes of Change in Abused Women Scales (PROCAWS) were conducted by Uysal Toraman and Yıldırım (2018). The Turkish validity and reliability studies of the PROCAWS were conducted by Uysal Toraman and Yildirim (2018). Women who were victims of violence were given four informative and informative education sessions on violence for 45 minutes each session. After the educations (1st month, 3rd month and 6th month) follow-up was performed. However, in the 4th and 5th months following the training program, motivational interviews were conducted by the researcher by telephone after education to empower women. Based on the fact that the effect of the intervention appeared at least six months later in the studies using the Transtheoretical model, the last follow-up was performed at 6th months. At the beginning of the program, at the end of the first month and at the end of the third month at the end of the sixth month, the stages of changes, decisional balance and self-efficacy of women were evaluated. At the end of the sixth month, a focus group meeting was planned with eight women who participated in the education and counseling program and the opinions about the program were collected as qualitative data. Written informed consent was obtained from women victims of intimate partner violence, the Ministry of Justice, the local ethics committee and the owner of the scale. In the follow-up at four different times for the women who were victims of intimate partner violence, the follow-up was determined in the 2nd follow-up (1st month), 3rd follow-up (3rd month) and 4th follow-up (6th month) (final follow-up). The difference between the determined stages of change was statistically significant (p <0.05). None of the victims of intimate partner violence women regression who experienced a change in the stage of change, 97.10% of them showed progress in the change phase and 2.9% did not change. Stage of changes between preoperative follow-up and six-month follow-up were statistically significant (p <0.01). Before and after the education and counseling program of the victims of intimate partner violence, the pros and cons scales, the Temptations and Confidence Scales difference between the mean scores was found to be significant (p <0.01). As a result, this study improved the protection behaviors, relationship stages of changes, decisional balance perception and self-efficacy of intimate partner violence victim women. In institutions where victims of intimate partner violence apply, nurses can use a model training and counseling model.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Teorilerüstü Model, Eş şiddeti, Hemşire, Eğitim, Danışmanlık, Transtheoretical Model, Intimate Partner Violence, Nurse, Education, Counseling
