Sanayi domatesi yetiştiriciliğinde verim ve meyve kalitesini etkileyen bazı faktörlerin yönetimi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2019
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Fakültesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Çalışma, 2017 ve 2018 yıllarında, İzmir ili Torbalı ilçesinde üretici koşullarında yürütülmüştür. Her iki deneme yılında da; Lalin, H-1015 Kendras sanayi domatesi çeşitleri kullanılmıştır. Toprak analiz sonuçları dikkate alınarak; çiftçi uygulamalarına ilave olarak 12 kg/da kalsiyum amonyum nitrat (CAN), 5 kg/da potasyum sülfat (K2SO4) ve 0.75 kg/da borik asit (H3BO3) uygulanmıştır. Çalışma, çinkolu parsel, çinkosuz parsel ve üretici parseli (kontrol) olmak üzere 3 farklı uygulamadan oluşmuştur. Çinkolu parsellere 2 kg/da çinko sülfat (ZnSO4.7H2O) uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada hasattan sonra da meyvelerin farklı yer (açıkta, %35'lik UV katkılı gölgelik file ve %75'lik UV katkılı gölgelik file altında) ve sürelerde (0 saat, 5 saat ve 10 saat) bekletilmesi ile ortaya çıkan meyve kalite kayıplarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, her iki üretim sezonunda da çinko uygulaması diğer iki uygulamaya göre (çinkosuz ve kontrol) H-1015 ve Lalin çeşitlerinde en yüksek bitki verimi ve dekar verimini oluşturmuştur. Buna karşın çeşitler arasında ise en yüksek verim değerini (21801 ve 20626 kg/da) yine her iki deneme yılında da Kendras çeşidi göstermiştir. H-1015 çeşidi en yüksek briks (5.23-5.77) değerlerini oluştururken, en düşük pH ise (4.83-4.74) Kendras çeşidinden elde edilmiştir. Ancak uygulamaların briks, pH ve likopen içeriğine etkisi ise önemsiz bulunmuştur. Hasat sonrası 5 saat ve 10 saat bekletilen meyvelerde meyve sertlik değerinde önemli oranlarda düşüş belirlenmiştir. Meyve pH'sı bekleme ile artış göstermiş olup güneşte bekletme yerinde bu artış gölgeleme yerlerine göre daha fazla olmuştur. Briks değeri de bekletme süresine bağlı artış göstermiştir. Buna karşılık meyvelerin likopen içeriği ise bekletme süresi ile azalış göstermiştir. Çeşitler arasında, bekletme yeri ve süresine bağlı olarak meyve kalite özelliklerinde önemli farklılık olmadığı saptanmıştır.
This study was conducted in years 2017 and 2018 at Torbalı district of İzmir province, under the farmer conditions. In the study, Lalin, H-1015 and Kendras processing tomato varieties were used for both production seasons. According to the soil analyzes, 12 kg/da calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN), 5 kg/da potassium sulfate (K2SO4) and 0.75 kg/da boric acid (H3BO3) were applied in addition to farmer applications. The study was consisted of 3 different applications, namely; plot with zinc, plot without zinc and producer plot (control). 2 kg/da zinc sulfate (ZnSO4.7H2O) were applied to the plots with zinc. It was also aimed to determine the fruit quality losses which occur after the harvest due to different retention periods (0, 5 and 10 hours) and places (under the sun, under the 35% UV added canopy and under the 75% UV added canopy). At the end of the study, in both production seasons zinc application had the highest plant yield and yield per decare at H-1015 and Lalin varieties in comparison to the other two applications (without zinc and control). On the other hand, Kendras variety had the highest yield value (21801 and 20626 kg / da) among the cultivars in both production years. The H-1015 variety had the highest brix values (5.23-5.77), while the lowest pH (4.83-4.74) was obtained in Kendras variety. However, the effect of applications on brix, pH and lycopene content was found insignificant. The fruit firmness value of fruits which were kept for 5 and 10 hours decreased significantly after harvest. The pH value of fruits was increased with retention period and this increase was higher under the sun than the shaded places. In addition, the brix value was increased with retention time. On the contrary, the lycopene content of fruits was decreased with retention time. Among the varieties, the retention time and place had no significant effects on the variation of fruit quality characteristics.
This study was conducted in years 2017 and 2018 at Torbalı district of İzmir province, under the farmer conditions. In the study, Lalin, H-1015 and Kendras processing tomato varieties were used for both production seasons. According to the soil analyzes, 12 kg/da calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN), 5 kg/da potassium sulfate (K2SO4) and 0.75 kg/da boric acid (H3BO3) were applied in addition to farmer applications. The study was consisted of 3 different applications, namely; plot with zinc, plot without zinc and producer plot (control). 2 kg/da zinc sulfate (ZnSO4.7H2O) were applied to the plots with zinc. It was also aimed to determine the fruit quality losses which occur after the harvest due to different retention periods (0, 5 and 10 hours) and places (under the sun, under the 35% UV added canopy and under the 75% UV added canopy). At the end of the study, in both production seasons zinc application had the highest plant yield and yield per decare at H-1015 and Lalin varieties in comparison to the other two applications (without zinc and control). On the other hand, Kendras variety had the highest yield value (21801 and 20626 kg / da) among the cultivars in both production years. The H-1015 variety had the highest brix values (5.23-5.77), while the lowest pH (4.83-4.74) was obtained in Kendras variety. However, the effect of applications on brix, pH and lycopene content was found insignificant. The fruit firmness value of fruits which were kept for 5 and 10 hours decreased significantly after harvest. The pH value of fruits was increased with retention period and this increase was higher under the sun than the shaded places. In addition, the brix value was increased with retention time. On the contrary, the lycopene content of fruits was decreased with retention time. Among the varieties, the retention time and place had no significant effects on the variation of fruit quality characteristics.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Sanayi Domatesi, Çinko Uygulaması, Verim, Kalite, Ürün Kayıpları, Briks, pH, Likopen, Processing Tomato, Zinc Sulfate, Yield, Product Losses, Brix, Lycopene.
