Trafik güvenliği değerlendirmesinde kullanılacak yeni bir güvenlik ölçütü
Küçük Resim Yok
Dosyalar
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Türkçe özet kısmı kopyalanamadığı için bu alan boş bırakılmıştır.
Surrogate safety measures provide information about the safety of traffic facilities without the need to wait for crashes to occur. Most of the studies related to surrogate safety measures were performed at intersections and mainly for rear- end crashes. Traffic accident statistics show that sideswipe accidents have a considerable percentage among all accidents. In particular, in weaving segments, sideswipe accidents arising from lane-change conflicts are highly probable to occur. Hence, surrogate safety measures that consider lane change conflicts are needed. In this thesis, lane change conflicts at five weaving segments were analyzed. Traffic volume, vehicle speeds by type, and vehicle trajectories were extracted by deep learning-based image processing. Considering the interactions between the subject vehicle and the vehicles around, two new lane change surrogate safety measures that are time and position-based were recommended. These two measures were then used in fault tree analysis and converted to a lane change risk index. Time to collision is one of the most frequently used surrogate safety measures, and this parameter was determined for lane-changing vehicles in this thesis. During lane change, the minimum of the recorded time to collision values was selected. The mode of the minimum time to collision values was assigned as the critical time to collision of the weaving segment. The critical time to collision is used in identifying the conflict numbers in simulation programs. Vehicle trajectories were obtained from the VISSIM program, and then analyzed by SSAM, which gives the conflict numbers. A two-stage calibration procedure was applied to approximate the simulation conflict numbers to the actual field conflict numbers. In the first calibration stage, lane change parameters and Wiedemann 99 driving behavior model parameters were calibrated to approximate the traffic volume from the simulation program to field observations. For this purpose, Plackett-Burman experiment design and genetic algorithms were used. In the second calibration stage, time to collision in SSAM was modified according to the observed field values.
Surrogate safety measures provide information about the safety of traffic facilities without the need to wait for crashes to occur. Most of the studies related to surrogate safety measures were performed at intersections and mainly for rear- end crashes. Traffic accident statistics show that sideswipe accidents have a considerable percentage among all accidents. In particular, in weaving segments, sideswipe accidents arising from lane-change conflicts are highly probable to occur. Hence, surrogate safety measures that consider lane change conflicts are needed. In this thesis, lane change conflicts at five weaving segments were analyzed. Traffic volume, vehicle speeds by type, and vehicle trajectories were extracted by deep learning-based image processing. Considering the interactions between the subject vehicle and the vehicles around, two new lane change surrogate safety measures that are time and position-based were recommended. These two measures were then used in fault tree analysis and converted to a lane change risk index. Time to collision is one of the most frequently used surrogate safety measures, and this parameter was determined for lane-changing vehicles in this thesis. During lane change, the minimum of the recorded time to collision values was selected. The mode of the minimum time to collision values was assigned as the critical time to collision of the weaving segment. The critical time to collision is used in identifying the conflict numbers in simulation programs. Vehicle trajectories were obtained from the VISSIM program, and then analyzed by SSAM, which gives the conflict numbers. A two-stage calibration procedure was applied to approximate the simulation conflict numbers to the actual field conflict numbers. In the first calibration stage, lane change parameters and Wiedemann 99 driving behavior model parameters were calibrated to approximate the traffic volume from the simulation program to field observations. For this purpose, Plackett-Burman experiment design and genetic algorithms were used. In the second calibration stage, time to collision in SSAM was modified according to the observed field values.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Güvenlik Ölçütleri, Trafik Güvenliği, Şerit Değiştirme Çatışmaları, Örülme Bölgeleri, Kritik Kazadan Kaçınma Süresi, İki Aşamalı Kalibrasyon, Surrogate Safety Measures, Ttraffic Safety, Lane Change Conflicts, Weaving Segments, Critical Time to Collision, Two-Stage Calibration
