Profesyonel voleybol ve futbol oyuncularında M. quadriceps femoris ve adductor grup kaslarının ızokinetik test yöntemiyle ölçülmesi ve değerlendirilmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2019
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu araştırmada, CSMI (CYBEX) Humac Norm İzokinetik Test yöntemiyle voleybolcu ve futbolcuların diz eklemi üzerinde etkili olan fleksör (hamstring) ile ekstensör (m. quadriceps) ve uyluk abductor adductor kas gruplarının kuvvetlerinin farklı açısal hızlarda ölçülerek tespit edilen veriler ile , antreman programlarının değerlendirilmesi ve sporcularda bu çalışma programlarına bağlı oluşacak yaralanma eğilimlerinin gösterilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmamıza 17 voleybol oyuncusu, 20 futbol oyuncusu olmak üzere, toplamda 37 denek alınmıştır. Sporcuların düzenli olarak spor yapmaları ve en az 5 yıldır aktif spor hayatlarının olması şart koşulmuştur. Araştırmaya gönüllü olarak katılan tüm sporculardan gönüllülük onam formu alınmıştır. Araştırmaya dahil edilen deneklerin diz fleksiyon/ekstensiyon oranı (Hamstring/Quadriceps) 60º/saniye ve 240º/saniyelik açısal hızda, abductor/adductor kas gücü oranı 60º/saniye ve 120º/saniyelik açısal hızda her sporcunun dominant ve non-dominant alt ekstremitesinde CSMI (CYBEX) Humac Norm İzokinetik Test yöntemiyle ölçülmüştür. Araştırmaya ait verilerinin tüm analizleri SPSS istatistik paket programında yapılmıştır. Voleybolcu ve futbolcu gruplarının dominant ve non-dominant ekstremitelerinin izokinetik kuvvetlerinin ölçüm değerlerinin normal dağılıma uygunluğu Shapiro-Wilk (n<50) testiyle incelenmiştir. Normal dağılıma uygunluk sağlandığında Independent Samples T test sağlanmadığında Mann-Whitney U testi kullanılmıştır. Dominant ve non-dominant ekstremitelerin ekstensör ve fleksör grup kaslarında 60º/saniye ve 240º/saniyelik açısal hızlarda, Peak Tork değerlerinde, voleybolcular ile futbolcular arasında voleybolcular lehine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmiştir (p0.05). Dominant ve non-dominant ekstremitelerde, ekstensör ve fleksör grup kaslarında 60º/saniye ve 240º/saniyelik açısal hızlarda fleksör/ekstensör (H/Q) oranları voleybolcular ile futbolcular arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık gözlemlenmemiştir (p>0.05). Dominant ve non-dominant ekstremitelerin adductor grup kaslarında 60º/saniye ve 120º/saniyelik açısal hızlarda, Peak Tork değerlerinde, voleybolcular ile futbolcular arasında voleybolcular lehine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). Dominant ekstremitelerin abductor grup kaslarında 60º/saniye ve 120º/saniyelik açısal hızlarda, Peak Tork değerlerinde, voleybolcular ile futbolcular arasında anlamlı bir farklılık gözlemlenmemiştir (p>0.05). Non-dominant ekstremitelerin abductor grup kaslarında 60º/saniye ve 120º/saniyelik açısal hızlarda, Peak Tork değerlerinde, 60º/saniye açısal hızda istatistiki olarak anlamlı bir farklılık saptanmazken (p>0.05), 120º/saniyelik açısal hızda voleybolcular ile futbolcular arasında istatistiki olarak anlamlı bir farklılık saptanmıştır (p<0.05). Dominant ekstremitelerin adductor ve abductor grup kaslarında 60º/saniye açısal hızda ve 120ºlik açısal hızda, abductor/adductor oransal değerlerinde, voleybolcular ile futbolcular arasında voleybolcular lehine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık gözlemlenmemiştir (p>0.05). Non-dominant ekstremitelerin adductor ve abductor grup kaslarında 60º/saniye ve 120º/saniyelik açısal hızlarda, abductor/adductor oransal değerlerinde, voleybolcular ile futbolcular arasında voleybolcular lehine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık gözlenmemiştir (p>0.05). Bu araştırmada, açısal hız artışıyla H/Q oranınında da artış olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Dominant ve non-dominant ekstremiteler arasındaki farklılıkların yaralanma konusunda kritik seviye olarak kabul gören %10'un üstüne çıkmadığı görülmüştür. Alt ekstremitede hem statik hem dinamik kuvvetin ön planda kullanıldığı voleybolcuların Peak Tork değerleri, dinamik kuvvet kullanımı amacıyla çalışan futbolculardan bütün açısal hızlarda yüksek bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak; araştırmada yer alan farklı sporcu gruplarının H/Q ve dominant - non-dominant oranları ile Peak Tork değerleri, sporcuların birinci derecede yaralanmaya sebebiyet verecek düzeyde olmadığı, normal kabul edilen sınırlar içerisinde olduğu görüldü. Sporcularda orantısız bir kas gücü ve ciddi düzeyde bir yaralanma eğilimi bulunmadığı tespit edildi.Çıkan bu tablo sporcuların kariyerleri boyunca doğru egzersiz yöntemleriyle çalıştıklarını göstermiştir. Dolayısıyla araştırmaya katılan voleybolcu ve futbolcuların egzersiz programlarıyla ilgili yeni yöntemler sunmaya ihtiyaç görülmemiştir.
The aim of this study is to measure the muscle strength of flexor (hamstring) and extensor (m. Quadriceps) that has effective on knee joint and femoral abductor and adductor muscles at different angular velocities using the CSMI (CYBEX) Human Norm Isokinetic Test metod, and using the data obtained, to evaluate exercise metods and demonstrate the trends regarding injuries related to these. A total of 17 participants took part in this study, with 17 volleyball players and 20 football players. All participants are athletes, and it was required for the participants to exercise regularly and have an active sports career of at least 5 years. Participants volunteered for the study and all participants signed informed consent forms. The knee flexion/extension rates of the participants were measured at angular velocities of 60◦/s and 240º/ s and abductor/adductor muscle strength rates were measured at 60◦/s and 120º/ s on both the dominant and non-dominant extremities of the athletes using the CSMI (CYBEX) Humac Norm Isokinetic Test metod. Analysis of the study data was done using SPSS statistics package software. The fit of the isokinetic strength of dominant and non-dominant extremities of volleyball players, football players and the control group to the normal distribution was examined using the Shapiro-Wilk (n<50) test. When Independent Samples T test cannot be achieved with a fit to the normal distribution, Mann-Whitney U test was used. A statistically significant difference in favor of volleyball players was observed between football players and volleyball players in the peak torque values for extensor and flexor group muscles in dominant and nondominant extremities at angular velocities of 60◦/s and 240º/ s (p<0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed between football players and volleyball players in the flexor/extensor (H/Q) rates for extensor and flexor group muscles in dominant and nondominant extremities at angular velocities of 60◦/s and 240º/ s (p>0.05). A statistically significant difference in favor of volleyball players was observed between football players and volleyball players in the peak torque values for adductor group muscles in dominant and nondominant extremities at angular velocities of 60◦/s and 120º/ s (p<0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed between football players and volleyball players in the peak torque values for abductor group muscles in dominant extremites at angular velocities of 60◦/s and 120º/ s (p>0.05) In nondominant extremities at angular velocity of 60◦/s there is no significant difference but 120º/ s a significant diffence was observed in this favor of volleyball players. While no statistically significant difference was observed between volleyball players and football players with regards to the abductor / adductor ratio values of adductor and abductor group muscles of the dominant extremities at the 60◦/s angular velocity (p>0.05), a statistically significant difference was observed in this in favor of volleyball players at 120º/ s angular velocity (p<0.05). A statistically significant difference in favor of volleyball players was observed between football and volleyball players in the abductor/adductor values of the adductor and abductor group muscles of non-dominant extremities at 60◦/s and 120º/ s angular velocities (p<0.05). In this study, it was determined that as angular velocity increases, H/Q rate also increased. It was determined that the differences between dominant and non-dominant extremities did not reach above %10, which is considered the critical value for injuries. Peak torque values were higher for volleyball players, who use static and dynamic power prominently in their lower extremities, in all angular velocities, compared to football players, who focus on the use of dynamic power. In conclusion, it was found that the H/Q and dominant/non-dominant ratios and Peak Torque values of the athlete groups were found to be below the levels that would cause injury and within the normal limits. It was determined that athletes did not have a disproportionate level of muscle strength and a serious inclination towards injury. This shows that the athletes used correct exercise metods in the past. As a result, there was no need to offer new metods regarding the exercise programs of the volleyball and football players participating in the study.
The aim of this study is to measure the muscle strength of flexor (hamstring) and extensor (m. Quadriceps) that has effective on knee joint and femoral abductor and adductor muscles at different angular velocities using the CSMI (CYBEX) Human Norm Isokinetic Test metod, and using the data obtained, to evaluate exercise metods and demonstrate the trends regarding injuries related to these. A total of 17 participants took part in this study, with 17 volleyball players and 20 football players. All participants are athletes, and it was required for the participants to exercise regularly and have an active sports career of at least 5 years. Participants volunteered for the study and all participants signed informed consent forms. The knee flexion/extension rates of the participants were measured at angular velocities of 60◦/s and 240º/ s and abductor/adductor muscle strength rates were measured at 60◦/s and 120º/ s on both the dominant and non-dominant extremities of the athletes using the CSMI (CYBEX) Humac Norm Isokinetic Test metod. Analysis of the study data was done using SPSS statistics package software. The fit of the isokinetic strength of dominant and non-dominant extremities of volleyball players, football players and the control group to the normal distribution was examined using the Shapiro-Wilk (n<50) test. When Independent Samples T test cannot be achieved with a fit to the normal distribution, Mann-Whitney U test was used. A statistically significant difference in favor of volleyball players was observed between football players and volleyball players in the peak torque values for extensor and flexor group muscles in dominant and nondominant extremities at angular velocities of 60◦/s and 240º/ s (p<0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed between football players and volleyball players in the flexor/extensor (H/Q) rates for extensor and flexor group muscles in dominant and nondominant extremities at angular velocities of 60◦/s and 240º/ s (p>0.05). A statistically significant difference in favor of volleyball players was observed between football players and volleyball players in the peak torque values for adductor group muscles in dominant and nondominant extremities at angular velocities of 60◦/s and 120º/ s (p<0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed between football players and volleyball players in the peak torque values for abductor group muscles in dominant extremites at angular velocities of 60◦/s and 120º/ s (p>0.05) In nondominant extremities at angular velocity of 60◦/s there is no significant difference but 120º/ s a significant diffence was observed in this favor of volleyball players. While no statistically significant difference was observed between volleyball players and football players with regards to the abductor / adductor ratio values of adductor and abductor group muscles of the dominant extremities at the 60◦/s angular velocity (p>0.05), a statistically significant difference was observed in this in favor of volleyball players at 120º/ s angular velocity (p<0.05). A statistically significant difference in favor of volleyball players was observed between football and volleyball players in the abductor/adductor values of the adductor and abductor group muscles of non-dominant extremities at 60◦/s and 120º/ s angular velocities (p<0.05). In this study, it was determined that as angular velocity increases, H/Q rate also increased. It was determined that the differences between dominant and non-dominant extremities did not reach above %10, which is considered the critical value for injuries. Peak torque values were higher for volleyball players, who use static and dynamic power prominently in their lower extremities, in all angular velocities, compared to football players, who focus on the use of dynamic power. In conclusion, it was found that the H/Q and dominant/non-dominant ratios and Peak Torque values of the athlete groups were found to be below the levels that would cause injury and within the normal limits. It was determined that athletes did not have a disproportionate level of muscle strength and a serious inclination towards injury. This shows that the athletes used correct exercise metods in the past. As a result, there was no need to offer new metods regarding the exercise programs of the volleyball and football players participating in the study.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Diz, İzokinetik Ölçümleme, Kuvvet, Yaralanma, Spor, Knee, Isokinetic Measurement, Strength, Injury, Sports
