Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesı öğrencilerinin COVID-19 pandemisine yönelik anksiyetelerinin yaşlılara yönelik tutumlarıyla ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Giriş ve amaç: Yaşlıya yönelik tutum, yaşlıların bakım kalitesi ve sağlık alanında öğrenim gören öğrencilerin geriatri alanına girme olasılığının belirleyicileri olarak önemlidir. COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde yaşa dayalı ayrımcı tutumları ortaya çıkaran veya teşvik eden politika önerileri ve uygulamalar; yaşlıların homojen bir şekilde 'kırılgan' ve 'savunmasız' olarak etiketlendirilmesine ve kitlelerin yaş temelindeki ayrımcı tutumlarını körükleyerek genç ve yaşlı arasındaki bölünmenin artmasına sebep olmuştur. Bu araştırma, Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi (EÜTF) öğrencilerinin COVID-19 pandemisi döneminde yaşlılara yönelik tutumları, COVID-19 ile ilişkili anksiyete düzeylerinin belirlenmesi ve bu iki durumu etkileyen faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Gereç ve yöntem: Kesitsel nitelikteki araştırmanın evreni EÜTF 2020-2021 müfredat yılında kayıtlı 2490 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. COVID-19 pandemisinin yarattığı olağanüstü koşullar çerçevesinde kota örneklem ve gelişigüzel örnekleme yoluyla katılımcılar belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın bağımlı değişkenleri 'Yaşlıya Yönelik Tutum' ve 'COVID-19 ile ilişkili Anksiyete Düzeyi'dir. Araştırmada, yaşlıya yönelik tutum UCLA Geriatrik Tutum Ölçeğiyle (UCLA-GA); COVID-19 ile ilişkili anksiyete düzeyi 'Koronavirüs Anksiyete Ölçeği Kısa Formu'yla (KAÖ) değerlendirilmiştir. Bağımsız değişkenler; katılımcının sosyodemografik özellikleri, tıbbi geçmişi, akademik durumu ve yaşlı yakınlarına ilişkin özellikleriyle pandemi sürecinde yaşlılara yönelik uygulamalara dair görüşlerinden oluşmaktadır. Veriler online anket formuyla Ocak – Mart 2021 arasında çevrim içi olarak toplanmıştır. Veri analizinde Student t, tek yönlü ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis H, korelasyon testleri; ileri düzey analiz olarak tek yönlü çok değişkenli varyans analiziyle (MANOVA) çoklu lineer regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. SPSS 24.0 programı kullanılmış, p<0,05 anlamlılık düzeyi olarak kabul edilmiştir. Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Tıbbi Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu ve Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dekanlığından gerekli izinler alınmıştır. Bulgular: Değerlendirme kapsamına alınan 663 kişinin ortalama yaşı 21,11±2,195; %56,6'sı kadın ve %54,6'sı pre-klinik dönem sınıflarda öğrenim görmekte olup %86,6'sı eğitimine uzaktan devam ettiğini bildirmiştir. Katılımcıların UCLA-GA puan ortalaması 46,77±5,141(ortanca:47) olup orta düzeyde olumlu; KAÖ skor ortalamaları 7,65±3,431 (ortanca:6) olup COVID-19 ile ilişkili anksiyete düzeyleri düşük izlenmiştir. 20 yaş ve altı ve pre-klinik dönem katılımcılarla; pandemi sürecinde kıt kaynakların tahsisinde gençlerin önceliklendirilmesi gerektiğini düşünen, salgınla mücadele kapsamında 20 yaş altı bireylerin sınırlandırılmasını uygun bulmayan ve yaşlıya yönelik tutumunda olumsuz yönde değişim bildiren katılımcıların yaşlıya yönelik tutum puan ortalamaları daha düşüktür. Kadınların, geniş aileye mensup olanların, 65 yaş üstü biriyle aynı haneyi paylaşanların, COVID-19 dışı bir nedenle sağlık kurumuna başvuran ve uzaktan eğitim gören katılımcıların COVID-19 ile ilişkili anksiyete düzeyi daha yüksektir. Bağımlı değişkenlerin her ikisinin ilişkili olduğu ortak bir değişken saptanmamıştır. Çoklu regresyon analizi sonucunda modele alınan değişkenler yaşlıya yönelik tutumun %15,4'ünü; COVID-19 anksiyetesinin %9.8'ini yordamaktadır. UCLA-GA ve KAÖ arasında korelasyon saptanmamıştır. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada; EÜTF öğrencilerinin yaşlıya yönelik tutumlarının orta düzeyde olumlu ve COVID-19 ile ilişkili anksiyete düzeylerinin düşük olduğu ve tutumun yönüyle anksiyete düzeyi arasında ilişki olmadığı saptanmıştır. Virüsle mücadele sürecinde sağlık bakımı ve sokağa çıkış kısıtlaması uygulamalarında alınan yaş temelli kararların; tıp öğrencilerinde yaşlıya yönelik olumsuz tutumlarla ilişkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Tıp öğrencileri arasında bu eğilimi değerlendiren ulusal ve uluslararası düzeyde multidisipliner çalışmalara gereksinim vardır. Lisans öncesi ve pre-klinik dönemde yoğunlaştırılmış empati ve kuşaklar arası dayanışmayı güçlendiren eğitim müdahaleleri pandemi bağlamında yaşlılık ve yaşlanmaya ilişkin olumsuz mesajların içselleştirilmesinin önlenmesinde rol oynayabilir
Introduction and aim: Attitudes towards the elderly are important as determinants of the quality of care for the elderly and the probability of students studying in the field of health to enter the field of geriatrics. Policy recommendations and practices that reveal or encourage age-based discriminatory attitudes during the COVID-19 pandemic; This has led to the homogeneous labeling of the elderly as 'vulnerable' and 'vulnerable', and the increasing division between young and old, fueling age-based discriminatory attitudes of the masses. This research was carried out to determine the attitudes of Ege University Faculty of Medicine (EUTF) students towards the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic, to determine their anxiety levels related to COVID-19 and to evaluate the factors affecting these two conditions. Materials and methods: The population of the cross-sectional study consists of 2490 students enrolled in the EUTF 2020-2021 curriculum year. Participants were determined by quota sampling and random sampling within the framework of the extraordinary conditions created by the COVID-19 pandemic. The dependent variables of the study are 'Attitude towards the Elderly' and 'Anxiety Level associated with COVID-19'. In the study, attitudes towards the elderly were determined by the UCLA Geriatric Attitude Scale (UCLA-GAS); The level of anxiety associated with COVID-19 was evaluated with the 'Coronavirus Anxiety Scale Short Form' (CAS). Independent variables; It consists of the participant's sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, academic status and characteristics of the elderly relatives, as well as their views on the practices for the elderly during the pandemic process. Data were collected online between January and March 2021 with an online questionnaire. Student t, one-way ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis H, correlation tests in data analysis; Multiple linear regression analysis with one-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used as advanced analysis. SPSS 24.0 program was used and p<0.05 was accepted as significance level. Necessary permissions were obtained from Ege University Medical Faculty Hospital Medical Research Ethics Committee and Ege University Faculty of Medicine Dean's Office. Results: The mean age of 663 people included in the evaluation was 21.11±2.195; 56.6% were women and 54.6% were studying in pre-clinical classrooms, and 86.6% reported that they continued their education remotely. The participants' UCLA-GAS mean score was 46.77±5.141 (median: 47) and moderately positive; The mean CAS score was 7.65±3.431 (median: 6) and the anxiety level associated with COVID-19 was low. With participants aged 20 and younger and pre-clinical period; Participants who think that young people should be prioritized in the allocation of scarce resources during the pandemic process, do not find it appropriate to limit individuals under the age of 20 within the scope of combating the epidemic, and report a negative change in their attitude towards the elderly, have lower average scores of attitude towards the elderly. Women, members of an extended family, those who share a household with someone over the age of 65, those who applied to a health institution for a non-COVID-19 reason and those who received distance education had higher COVID-19-related anxiety levels. No common variable was found to be associated with both dependent variables. As a result of multiple regression analysis, the variables included in the model account for 15.4% of the attitude towards the elderly; It predicts 9.8% of COVID-19 anxiety. No correlation was found between UCLA-GAS and CAS. Conclusions: In this study; It was determined that the attitudes of EUTF students towards the elderly were moderately positive, their anxiety levels related to COVID-19 were low, and there was no relationship between the direction of the attitude and the level of anxiety. Age-based decisions taken in health care and curfew applications during the fight against the virus; It has been found that medical students are associated with negative attitudes towards the elderly. There is a need for multidisciplinary studies at national and international level evaluating this trend among medical students. Educational interventions that strengthen intensified empathy and intergenerational solidarity in the pre-graduate and pre-clinical period can play a role in preventing the internalization of negative messages about aging and aging in the context of the pandemic.
Introduction and aim: Attitudes towards the elderly are important as determinants of the quality of care for the elderly and the probability of students studying in the field of health to enter the field of geriatrics. Policy recommendations and practices that reveal or encourage age-based discriminatory attitudes during the COVID-19 pandemic; This has led to the homogeneous labeling of the elderly as 'vulnerable' and 'vulnerable', and the increasing division between young and old, fueling age-based discriminatory attitudes of the masses. This research was carried out to determine the attitudes of Ege University Faculty of Medicine (EUTF) students towards the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic, to determine their anxiety levels related to COVID-19 and to evaluate the factors affecting these two conditions. Materials and methods: The population of the cross-sectional study consists of 2490 students enrolled in the EUTF 2020-2021 curriculum year. Participants were determined by quota sampling and random sampling within the framework of the extraordinary conditions created by the COVID-19 pandemic. The dependent variables of the study are 'Attitude towards the Elderly' and 'Anxiety Level associated with COVID-19'. In the study, attitudes towards the elderly were determined by the UCLA Geriatric Attitude Scale (UCLA-GAS); The level of anxiety associated with COVID-19 was evaluated with the 'Coronavirus Anxiety Scale Short Form' (CAS). Independent variables; It consists of the participant's sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, academic status and characteristics of the elderly relatives, as well as their views on the practices for the elderly during the pandemic process. Data were collected online between January and March 2021 with an online questionnaire. Student t, one-way ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis H, correlation tests in data analysis; Multiple linear regression analysis with one-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used as advanced analysis. SPSS 24.0 program was used and p<0.05 was accepted as significance level. Necessary permissions were obtained from Ege University Medical Faculty Hospital Medical Research Ethics Committee and Ege University Faculty of Medicine Dean's Office. Results: The mean age of 663 people included in the evaluation was 21.11±2.195; 56.6% were women and 54.6% were studying in pre-clinical classrooms, and 86.6% reported that they continued their education remotely. The participants' UCLA-GAS mean score was 46.77±5.141 (median: 47) and moderately positive; The mean CAS score was 7.65±3.431 (median: 6) and the anxiety level associated with COVID-19 was low. With participants aged 20 and younger and pre-clinical period; Participants who think that young people should be prioritized in the allocation of scarce resources during the pandemic process, do not find it appropriate to limit individuals under the age of 20 within the scope of combating the epidemic, and report a negative change in their attitude towards the elderly, have lower average scores of attitude towards the elderly. Women, members of an extended family, those who share a household with someone over the age of 65, those who applied to a health institution for a non-COVID-19 reason and those who received distance education had higher COVID-19-related anxiety levels. No common variable was found to be associated with both dependent variables. As a result of multiple regression analysis, the variables included in the model account for 15.4% of the attitude towards the elderly; It predicts 9.8% of COVID-19 anxiety. No correlation was found between UCLA-GAS and CAS. Conclusions: In this study; It was determined that the attitudes of EUTF students towards the elderly were moderately positive, their anxiety levels related to COVID-19 were low, and there was no relationship between the direction of the attitude and the level of anxiety. Age-based decisions taken in health care and curfew applications during the fight against the virus; It has been found that medical students are associated with negative attitudes towards the elderly. There is a need for multidisciplinary studies at national and international level evaluating this trend among medical students. Educational interventions that strengthen intensified empathy and intergenerational solidarity in the pre-graduate and pre-clinical period can play a role in preventing the internalization of negative messages about aging and aging in the context of the pandemic.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Halk Sağlığı, Public Health
