Physiology and pharmacology of the human ureter: Basis for current and future treatments

Basit Öğe Kaydı
dc.contributor.authorCanda, A. Erdem
dc.contributor.authorTurna, Burak
dc.contributor.authorCinar, G. Mehtap
dc.contributor.authorNazli, Oktay
dc.date.accessioned2019-10-27T19:39:40Z
dc.date.available2019-10-27T19:39:40Z
dc.date.issued2007
dc.departmentEge Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: This article sets out to be a review regarding agents that affect contraction and relaxation of the ureter in order to establish a basis for current and future treatments for upper urinary tract obstruction. Material and Methods: A complete review of the English literature using MEDLINE was performed between 1960 and 2007 on ureter physiology and pharmacology with special emphasis on signal transduction mechanisms involved in the contractile regulation of the human ureter. Results: Activation of muscarinic and adrenergic receptors increases the amplitude of ureteral contractions. The sympathetic nerves modulate the contractions by alpha-adrenoceptors and relaxation by beta-adrenoceptors. The purinergic system is important in sensory/ motor functions and ATP is an important non-adrenergic non-cholinergic ( NANC) agent causing contraction. Nitric oxide ( NO) is a major inhibitory NANC neurotransmitter causing relaxation. Serotonin causes contraction. Prostaglandin-F-2 alpha contracts whereas prostaglandin-E-1/E-2 relaxes the ureter. Phosphodiesterases ( PDE) and the Rho-kinase pathway have recently been identified in the human ureter. PDE-IV inhibitors, K+ channel openers, calcium antagonists, alpha(1)-adrenoceptor antagonists and NO donors seem to be promising drugs in relieving obstruction and facilitating stone passage. Conclusions: Further understanding of the ureteral function and pharmacology may lead to the discovery of promising new drugs that could be useful in relieving ureteral colic, facilitating spontaneous stone passage, preparing the ureter for ureteroscopy as well as acting adjunctive to extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy. Copyright (c) 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1159/000100830en_US
dc.identifier.endpage298en_US
dc.identifier.issn0042-1138
dc.identifier.issue4en_US
dc.identifier.pmid17495484en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2en_US
dc.identifier.startpage289en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1159/000100830
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11454/40190
dc.identifier.volume78en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000246394400001en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ4en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherKargeren_US
dc.relation.ispartofUrologia Internationalisen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Ulusal Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.titlePhysiology and pharmacology of the human ureter: Basis for current and future treatmentsen_US
dc.typeReview Articleen_US

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