Doğal ve kültürel peyzajlarda ekolojik risk değerlendirmesi: Selçuk ilçesi örneği
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Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Doğal ve kültürel kaynakların oluşturduğu peyzajlar, doğal süreçler veya
insan etkisi ile baskı altında kalarak riskli duruma gelmekte ve değişime
uğramaktadır. Bu çalışmada Selçuk ilçesinin doğal, kültürel ve sosyo-ekonomik
özellikleri temel alınarak, çok ölçütlü karar analiz yöntemi ile ekolojik risk
değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. Risk faktörleri yangın, erozyon, heyelan, taşkın ve
arazi örtüsü/alan kullanım değişimi olarak belirlenmiş ve ekolojik riskin mekânsal
ve zamansal analizi gerçekleştirilerek oluşan peyzaj kırılganlıkları belirlenmiştir.
1963, 1980, 1996, 2019 yıllarına ait arazi örtüsü/alan kullanımı CORINE arazi
örtüsü sınıflandırmasına göre belirlenerek, arazi örtüsü/alan kullanım değişiminin
diğer risk faktörleriyle olan dinamik ilişkisi tanımlanmıştır.
İlçede nüfus artışına bağlı olarak tarım alanı ve konut alanları açma gibi
kültürel sebeplerle doğal alanlarda önemli değişimlerin olduğu saptanmıştır.
1963-2019 yılları arasında 56 yıllık zaman diliminde, mekânsal olarak en yüksek
miktardaki azalış 6.137 ha ile maki ve otsu bitkiler topluluğunda görülmüştür.
Ekolojik risk değerlendirmesi sonuçlarına göre, araştırma alanında çok riskli
sınıflandırmasında en geniş yayılış alanına sahip risk faktörünün taşkın olduğu
tespit edilmiştir. Yangın, erozyon, heyelan ve taşkın risk haritalarının
çakıştırılması ile elde edilen bütüncül ekolojik risk haritasına göre; Selçuk ilçe
merkezi, Havutçulu, Zeytinköy ve Barutçu köylerinin çevresi ve Pamucak
kıyısının ekolojik risk değerinin yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda
ekolojik sistemlerin sürdürülebilir yönetimini sağlamak amacıyla elde edilen
analiz sonuçlarına bağlı saptamalar ile peyzajların korunması ve planlanmasına
yönelik öneriler geliştirilmiştir.
Landscapes consisted of natural and cultural resources become risky and undergo change by being under pressure from natural processes and human influence. In this study, based on the natural, cultural and socio-economic characteristics of the district of Selçuk, ecological risk assessment was carried out with the multi-criteria decision analysis method. Risk factors were determined as fire, erosion, landslide, flood and land cover/land use change, and landscape fragility was revealed by performing spatial and temporal analysis of ecological risk. Land cover/land use for the years 1963, 1980, 1996, 2019 was determined according to the CORINE land cover classification, and the dynamic relationship of land cover/land use change with other risk factors was defined. It has been determined that there have been significant changes in natural areas due to cultural reasons such as the opening of agricultural land and residential areas in the district. Between the years 1963-2019, the highest spatial decrease was seen in the maquis and herbaceous plants group with 6.137 ha in a 56-year period. According to the results of ecological risk assessment, it was determined that the risk factor with the widest spread area in the high risk classification in the research area is overflow. According to the integrated ecological risk map obtained by overlapping fire, erosion, landslide and flood risk maps, it was determined that the ecological risk value of Selçuk district center, Havutçulu, Zeytinköy and Barutçu villages and Pamucak coast are high. As a result of the study, suggestions for the protection and planning of landscapes were developed with the determinations based on the analysis results obtained in order to ensure the sustainable management of ecological systems.
Landscapes consisted of natural and cultural resources become risky and undergo change by being under pressure from natural processes and human influence. In this study, based on the natural, cultural and socio-economic characteristics of the district of Selçuk, ecological risk assessment was carried out with the multi-criteria decision analysis method. Risk factors were determined as fire, erosion, landslide, flood and land cover/land use change, and landscape fragility was revealed by performing spatial and temporal analysis of ecological risk. Land cover/land use for the years 1963, 1980, 1996, 2019 was determined according to the CORINE land cover classification, and the dynamic relationship of land cover/land use change with other risk factors was defined. It has been determined that there have been significant changes in natural areas due to cultural reasons such as the opening of agricultural land and residential areas in the district. Between the years 1963-2019, the highest spatial decrease was seen in the maquis and herbaceous plants group with 6.137 ha in a 56-year period. According to the results of ecological risk assessment, it was determined that the risk factor with the widest spread area in the high risk classification in the research area is overflow. According to the integrated ecological risk map obtained by overlapping fire, erosion, landslide and flood risk maps, it was determined that the ecological risk value of Selçuk district center, Havutçulu, Zeytinköy and Barutçu villages and Pamucak coast are high. As a result of the study, suggestions for the protection and planning of landscapes were developed with the determinations based on the analysis results obtained in order to ensure the sustainable management of ecological systems.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ekolojik Risk, Peyzaj Kırılganlığı, Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri, Selçuk İlçesi, Ecological Risk, Landscape Fragility, Geographical Information Systems, Selçuk District
