Etlik damızlık horozlarda yaşlanma fizyolojisi ve yaşlanmayı geciktirme olanaklarının incelenmesi
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Tarih
2017
Yazarlar
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Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmada, etlik damızlık horozlarda kalori sınırlaması, arı ürünleri (arı sütü+apilarnil) ilavesi ve ad libitum yemleme uygulamalarının yaşlanma üzerine etkileri incelenmiş, bu etkiler, etlik damızlık yetiştiriciliğinde rutin olarak kullanılan ticari sınırlı yemleme uygulaması ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında etlik damızlık horozlarda, canlı ağırlık, yem tüketimi, ölüm oranı, sperma verimi ve kalitesi, bazı kan biyokimyasal özellikleri (kan lipidleri, glukoz), bazı hormonlar (insülin, kortikosteron, testosteron), lipid peroksidasyonu ve oksidatif stabilite ile bazı refah parametreleri (Tonik immobilite, tüylenme skoru) incelenmiştir. Projede 56 hafta yaşında ticari etlik damızlık horozlar kullanılmıştır. Çalışma 18 hafta devam etmiştir. Denemede aşağıdaki muamele grupları oluşturulmuştur. 1. Grup - Kontrol- Ticari yem sınırlaması (135 g/gün) 2. Grup - Ad libitum yemleme (ADL) 3. Grup - Yeme arı sütü (200 mg/gün/hayvan) ve apilarnil (5 g/gün/hayvan) ilave edilmiştir (AÜ). 4. Grup - Standart yem kompozisyonunun %45'i kadar kalori sınırlaması (KS) Deneme süresince en yüksek ortalama canlı ağırlık ADL grubunda belirlenmiştir. İlk 14 hafta boyunca en düşük ortalama canlı ağırlık ise KS grubunda saptanmıştır. KS grubunda denemenin ilerleyen haftalarında düşük canlı ağırlık telafi edilmiştir. Deneme boyunca ADL ve KS grubu horozlarda ölüm oranlarının diğer gruplara göre önemli düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ad libitum yemleme, arı ürünleri kürü ve kalori sınırlaması uygulamaları deneme boyunca belirgin bir oksidatif strese neden olmamıştır. Ancak deneme sonunda ADL horozlarında retina dokusunda MDA düzeyi ve SOD aktivitesi önemli düzeyde artmıştır. Bu bulgu, ADL horozlarının retina dokusunda oksidatif hasar olduğu şeklinde yorumlanmıştır. Ad libitum yemleme, arı ürünleri kürü ve kalori sınırlaması uygulamalarının kan lipidleri (trigliserid, total kolesterol, HDL-kolesterol, LDL-kolesterol) ve glukoz düzeyi üzerinde önemli bir etkisi olmamıştır. Ad libitum yemleme, arı ürünleri kürü ve kalori sınırlaması uygulamaları sperma verim ve kalitesini önemli düzeyde etkilemiştir. Deneme sonunda ADL horozlarında sperma hacmi ve sperm motilitesi en düşük, % ölü sperm en yüksek iken, AÜ horozlarında sperma hacmi ve motilitesi en yüksek, % ölü sperm en düşük olarak saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, 4 hafta süreyle arı ürünleri kürü uygulamasının etlik damızlık horozlarda sperma verim ve kalitesinde yaşa bağlı azalmanın önlenmesinde etkin bir yöntem olduğu belirlenmiştir.
In this thesis, effects of calorie restriction, supplementation of bee products (royal jelly+apilarnil) and ad-libitum feeding on aging of broiler breeder roosters were investigated and these effects were comparised with commercial restricted feeding programme used routinely. Within the scope of the thesis, body weight, feed consumption, mortality, semen production and quality, some biochemical properties of blood (blood lipids, glucose) and hormones (insulin, corticosterone, testosterone), lipid peroxidation, oxidative stability and parameters of welfare (tonic immobility, feather score) were investigated. Fifty-six weeks old commercial broiler breeder roosters were used in the project. The study continued for 18 weeks. The following treatment groups were established in the experiment. 1. Group - Control- Commercial restricted feeding programme (135 g/day) 2. Group – Ad libitum feeding programme (ADL) 3. Group - Royal jelly (200mg/day/bird) and apilarnil (5g/day/bird) added diet (BP). 4. Group - Calorie restriction was applied about 45% of standard feed composition (CR). During the experimental period, the highest average live weight was determined in ADL group. The lowest average live weight during the first 14 weeks was determined in KS group. Low body weight was compensated in KS group. During the trial, mortality of roosters in ADL and CR groups were found significantly higher than other groups. Ad libitum feeding, bee products supplementation and calorie restriction treatments did not cause a significant oxidative stress during the experiment. However, MDA level and SOD activity were increased significantly in ADL rooster's retina at the end of experiment. This finding indicated that there was oxidative damage in retina of ADL roosters. Ad libitum feeding, bee products supplementation and calorie restriction treatments did not significantly affect blood lipids (triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol) and glucose levels. Ad libitum feeding, bee products supplementation and calorie restriction treatments affected semen production and quality significantly. At the end of the experiment the lowest semen volume and sperm motility and highest dead sperm % were found in roosters of ADL group. The highest semen volume and sperm motility and lowest dead sperm % were obtained in BP group. As a result, it has been determined that dietary apilarnil and royal jelly supplementation may be an effective method to prevent age-related decrease in sperm production and quality in broiler breeder roosters.
In this thesis, effects of calorie restriction, supplementation of bee products (royal jelly+apilarnil) and ad-libitum feeding on aging of broiler breeder roosters were investigated and these effects were comparised with commercial restricted feeding programme used routinely. Within the scope of the thesis, body weight, feed consumption, mortality, semen production and quality, some biochemical properties of blood (blood lipids, glucose) and hormones (insulin, corticosterone, testosterone), lipid peroxidation, oxidative stability and parameters of welfare (tonic immobility, feather score) were investigated. Fifty-six weeks old commercial broiler breeder roosters were used in the project. The study continued for 18 weeks. The following treatment groups were established in the experiment. 1. Group - Control- Commercial restricted feeding programme (135 g/day) 2. Group – Ad libitum feeding programme (ADL) 3. Group - Royal jelly (200mg/day/bird) and apilarnil (5g/day/bird) added diet (BP). 4. Group - Calorie restriction was applied about 45% of standard feed composition (CR). During the experimental period, the highest average live weight was determined in ADL group. The lowest average live weight during the first 14 weeks was determined in KS group. Low body weight was compensated in KS group. During the trial, mortality of roosters in ADL and CR groups were found significantly higher than other groups. Ad libitum feeding, bee products supplementation and calorie restriction treatments did not cause a significant oxidative stress during the experiment. However, MDA level and SOD activity were increased significantly in ADL rooster's retina at the end of experiment. This finding indicated that there was oxidative damage in retina of ADL roosters. Ad libitum feeding, bee products supplementation and calorie restriction treatments did not significantly affect blood lipids (triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol) and glucose levels. Ad libitum feeding, bee products supplementation and calorie restriction treatments affected semen production and quality significantly. At the end of the experiment the lowest semen volume and sperm motility and highest dead sperm % were found in roosters of ADL group. The highest semen volume and sperm motility and lowest dead sperm % were obtained in BP group. As a result, it has been determined that dietary apilarnil and royal jelly supplementation may be an effective method to prevent age-related decrease in sperm production and quality in broiler breeder roosters.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Etlik Damızlık Horoz, Üreme Performansı, Yaşlanma, Lipid Peroksidasyonu, Arı Sütü, Apilarnil, Kalori Sınırlaması, Broiler Breeder Rooster, Reproductive Performance, Aging, Lipid Peroxidation, Royal Jelly, Apilarnil, Caloric Restriction
