Ailelerde gıda tüketim davranışını belirleyen ekonomik ve sosyal etmenler üzerine bir araştırma
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
1989
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
ÖZET Gıda tüketimi, genel bir bakış açısı ile, bOtOn dün yada gün geçtikçe önem kazanan bir konu olmaktadır. Bir yandan gıda sanayiinde pekçok teknolojik gelişme kaydedi lirken, diğer yanda bazı ülkeler halen yeterli gıda ürünü bulamamanın sıkıntısını çekmektedirler. Tüketici bireyler açısından, bakıldığında, gıda davranışı çok kompleks bir olgudur. Gıda satın alma ve tüketim davranışı, fizyolojik, psiko-sosyal, kültürel ve ekonomik faktörlerin etkisi ile belirlenir. Bu nedenle gıda tüketimi konusundaki analizler en az iki boyutu ile önem kazanmaktadır. Birincisi, gıda tüket im al ışkanl ıklar ı kişinin sağlığını etkilemektedir. ikincisi ise, gıda harcamaları aile bütçesinde önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, değişik sosyo ekonomik düzeydeki ailelerin gıda tüketim davranı şiar ındaki farklılıkları incelemektir, özellikle gelir düzeyi, aile büyüklüğü, yaş, eğitim, beslenme bilgisi ve evhanımının çalışıp çalışma ması gibi faktörlerin gıda tüketim ve alışveriş alışkan lıklarına olan etkisi araştırılmıştır. Veriler, izmir şehrinin değişik semtlerinde bulunan ve 310 haneden oluşan bir örnek gruptan toplanmıştır. Bu semtler genel olarak, İzmir'deki düşük, orta ve yüksek gelir düzeyindeki haneleri temsil edecek şekilde seçil mişlerdir. Veriler, yazılı anket formları ile toplanmıştır. Anket çalışmasına başlanmadan önce, hazırlanan anket formu öndenemeden geçirilmiş ve gerekli düzeltmeler yapılmıştır. 5455 Araştırmaya katılan evhanımlar ından ?. sayfalık bir formu doldurmaları istenmiştir. Anket formu, gıda tüketi mi, gıda alışveriş alışkanlıkları, gıda seçimi, beslenme bilgisi ile cevaplay ıcının demografik 've sosyoekonomik özelliklerini belirleyen toplam 61 sorudan oluşmaktadır. Ailenin gelir düzeyi, gıda tüketim davranışını belir leyen önemli bir değişken olarak kabul edilmiştir. Gelirin yükselmesi ile gıda harcamalarının da mutlak değer olarak arttığı ancak ailenin aylık net gelirinin yüzdesi olarak azaldığı görülmüştür. Gelirden gıda harcamalarına ayrılan paylar incelendiğinde, yüksek gelir grubunda bu oranın % 34, orta gelir grubunda % 48 ve düşük gelir grubunda ise % 67 olduğu saptanmıştır. Gıda seçimi ve alışverişi konusunda, ailedeki en önemli görevin kadınların olduğu da araştırmanın bulguları arasındadır. Sırası ile, gıdanın besin değeri, aile üye lerinin sağlık durumuna uygunluğu ve maliyeti gıda seçi minde etken olan en önemli faktörlerdir. Araştırma bulgularından bir diğeri de, konserve, hazır çorba ve hazır puding gibi bazı paketlenmiş gıda ürünlerinin özellikle çalışan hanımlar tarafından kulla nılıyor olmasıdır. Yüksek gelir grubundaki ailelerin et ve süt ürünleri ile taze sebze ve meyve tüketimleri diğer lerine oranla daha fazladır. Ekmek ve şeker tüketimi ise, bunun tersine olarak düşük gelir grubundaki ailelerde daha fazladır. Ayrıca, ileriki araştırmalar için kapsam ve yönetim açısından bazı öneriler sunulmuştur
SUMMARY The food consumption, in general, has been keeping its growing importance all over the world. While many technological developments are taking place in food industry, some countries are still facing problems of food shortages. From the individual consumers point of view, food behaviour is a very complex. Food purchasing and consump tion behaviours are determined by physiological, psycho social, cultural and economic factors. Food consumption analysis, therefore, are important at least in two dimen sions. First of all food consumption practices influence one's own health.. Secondly, food expenditures still capture a large portion of the total budget of the families. The purpose of this study was to investigate empri- cally the difference in food consumption behaviours of the households from different socioeconomic groups. The impact of factors such as income, family size, age, educa tion, nutrition knowledge and working/nonworking status of housewife on food consumption and shopping practices were examined. Data were collected from a sample of 310 households residing in different provinces of the city of Izmir. Generally speaking, these provinces were chosen to be the represent i t ives of low, medium and high income households in İzmir. The data collection instrument was a self-adminis tered questionnaire. The questionnaire used in this study was pre-tested and refined before being administered on a ful 1 - scale. 5657 Respondents were requested to complete a,. pine"-sided questionnaire. The questionnaire includes 61 questions relating to information about food consumption, food shopping practices, food choice decisions, nutrition knowledge and demographic and socioeconomic characteris tics of the respondents. Household income was considered as an important variable in food behaviour. It was observed that the absolute value of the food expenditures increases with the increasing household income, while its rate as a percentage of net income decreases. It was reported that percentage of net household income spent for food was 34 % in high -income, 48 % in medium- income and 67 % in low- income families. It was also found that the wife plays the most promi nent role in the food choice decisions and food buying. The finding indicated that factors such as nutritive value, health considerations and cost of food, respecti vely, were perceived as important in food choice. Another finding from the study was that the packaged foods such as canned foods, instant pudings and instant soups were mainly consumed by working wives. High-income households consumed more meat and milk products, fresh fruits and vegetables than other income groups. In contrast, bread and sugar were consumed more by low-income households. Managerial and future-oriented research implications were also presented.
SUMMARY The food consumption, in general, has been keeping its growing importance all over the world. While many technological developments are taking place in food industry, some countries are still facing problems of food shortages. From the individual consumers point of view, food behaviour is a very complex. Food purchasing and consump tion behaviours are determined by physiological, psycho social, cultural and economic factors. Food consumption analysis, therefore, are important at least in two dimen sions. First of all food consumption practices influence one's own health.. Secondly, food expenditures still capture a large portion of the total budget of the families. The purpose of this study was to investigate empri- cally the difference in food consumption behaviours of the households from different socioeconomic groups. The impact of factors such as income, family size, age, educa tion, nutrition knowledge and working/nonworking status of housewife on food consumption and shopping practices were examined. Data were collected from a sample of 310 households residing in different provinces of the city of Izmir. Generally speaking, these provinces were chosen to be the represent i t ives of low, medium and high income households in İzmir. The data collection instrument was a self-adminis tered questionnaire. The questionnaire used in this study was pre-tested and refined before being administered on a ful 1 - scale. 5657 Respondents were requested to complete a,. pine"-sided questionnaire. The questionnaire includes 61 questions relating to information about food consumption, food shopping practices, food choice decisions, nutrition knowledge and demographic and socioeconomic characteris tics of the respondents. Household income was considered as an important variable in food behaviour. It was observed that the absolute value of the food expenditures increases with the increasing household income, while its rate as a percentage of net income decreases. It was reported that percentage of net household income spent for food was 34 % in high -income, 48 % in medium- income and 67 % in low- income families. It was also found that the wife plays the most promi nent role in the food choice decisions and food buying. The finding indicated that factors such as nutritive value, health considerations and cost of food, respecti vely, were perceived as important in food choice. Another finding from the study was that the packaged foods such as canned foods, instant pudings and instant soups were mainly consumed by working wives. High-income households consumed more meat and milk products, fresh fruits and vegetables than other income groups. In contrast, bread and sugar were consumed more by low-income households. Managerial and future-oriented research implications were also presented.
Açıklama
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Anahtar Kelimeler
Ev Ekonomisi, Home Economics
