2020 izmir Depremi sonrası depremzedelerin travma sonrası stres, klostrofobi gelişimi ve psikolojik dayanıklılık açısından değerlendirilmesi
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
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Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
2020 İZMİR DEPREMİ SONRASI DEPREMZEDELERİN TRAVMA SONRASI STRES, KLOSTROFOBİ GELİŞİMİ VE PSİKOLOJİK DAYANIKLILIK AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ Amaç: Bu araştırmada, 2020 İzmir Depremi'ndeki depremzedelerde travma sonrası stres düzeyinin ve klostrofobi gelişme sıklığının belirlenmesi ile depremzedelerin psikolojik dayanıklılık durumları açısından değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmanın veri toplama aşaması, İzmir'de meydana gelen deprem sonrası etkilen bireyler ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler Şubat 2022 ile Mayıs 2022 tarihleri arasında toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın evreni; İzmir ilinde depremden etkilenen bireylerden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi, evreni bilinen örnekleme yöntemine göre minimum 384 olarak belirlenmiş olup araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden, 18 yaşını doldurmuş, okuma yazma bilen bireyler oluşturmuştur (N:383). Verilerin toplanma aracı olarak; Olgu Rapor Formu, Travma Sonrası Stres Tanı Ölçeği (TSSTÖ), DSM-5 Özgül Fobi Şiddet Ölçeği (DSM-5 ÖFŞÖ), Yetişkinler için Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ölçeği (YPDÖ) kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde sayı, yüzde, min-maks değerleri, ortalama ve standart sapma t testi, Pearson korelasyon testi, Mann Whitney U testi, Kruskal Wallis H testi ve Spearman korelasyon testi analizlerde uygulanmıştır. İstatistiksel anlamlılık en az p<0,05 düzeyinde değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 41,36±13,76; %62.7 si kadın, %36.3 ü erkektir. TSSB puan ortalamalarına göre, %50,1'inin hafif, %21,4'ünün orta, %20,9'unun orta-ciddi, %7,6'sının ciddi derecede travma sonrası stres bozukluğu belirtileri olduğu görülmektedir. Katılımcıların %89'unun 3 aydan daha fazla süredir sorun yaşadığı, %67,6'sının kendilerini en çok rahatsız eden travmatik olay olarak doğal afeti belirttikleri, katılımcıların %52,2'sinin genel anlamda hayattan memnun olmadıkları saptanmıştır. Kadın katılımcıların travma sonrası stres belirti düzeyinin daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Depremden önce kapalı alan korkusu olan katılımcıların ve depremde bir yakınını kaybeden katılımcıların travma sonrası stres belirti düzeyi puanları, yeniden yaşama, kaçınma alt boyut puanlarının yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Katılımcılardan İlköğretim ve ortaöğretim mezunu olanların, evi ağır hasar görmüş olanların DSM-5 ÖFŞÖ özgül fobi şiddet ölçeği puanlarının daha yüksek IV olduğu saptanmıştır. Kadın katılımcıların YPDÖ'nin kendilik algısı, gelecek algısı ve aile uyumu alt boyut puanlarının daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Eğitim durumu ilköğretim ve lise olan katılımcıların YPDÖ'nin gelecek algısı alt boyut puanlarının eğitimi lisans olan katılımcılara göre daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Bekar olan katılımcıların YPDÖ'nin aile uyumu alt boyut puanlarının medeni durumunu evli olarak belirten katılımcılara oranla daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Depremden önce bir ruhsal hastalığa sahip katılımcıların YPDÖ'nin gelecek algısı alt boyut puanlarının olmayan katılımcılara göre daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Depremden sonra çadır kent ya da konteyner kentlerde kalan katılımcıların YPDÖ'nin gelecek algısı ve aile uyumu alt boyut puanlarının daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Deprem nedeniyle maddi destek almak zorunda kalan katılımcıların YPDÖ'nin gelecek algısı alt boyut puanlarının daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Deprem nedeniyle psikolojik destek alan katılımcıların YPDÖ'nin gelecek algısı alt boyutundan almayanlara göre yüksek puan aldıkları saptanmıştır. Sonuç: İzmir ilinde meydana gelen deprem sonrası bireylerde travma sonrası stres bozukluğu ve klostrofobi belirtileri görülmüştür. Psikolojik dayanıklılığın eğitim, medeni durum, ruhsal hastalık geçmişi, depremde yaralanma durumu ve sosyal destek alma gibi etmenlerden etkilendiği saptanmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Afet; Ruh Sağlığı; İzmir Depremi; Post Travma; Psikolojik Dayanıklılık; Klostrofobi
THE EVALUATION OF EARTHQUAKE VICTIMS AFTER THE 2020 IZMIR EARTHQUAKE IN TERMS OF POST-TRAUMIC STRESS, DEVELOPMENT OF CLOSTROPHOBIA AND PSYCHOLOGICAL RESILIENCE Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the post-traumatic stress level and the incidence of claustrophobia in earthquake victims in the 2020 Izmir Earthquake and to evaluate the earthquake victims in terms of their psychological resilience. Materials and Methods: The data collection phase of the research was carried out with individuals affected by the earthquake that occurred in İzmir. Data were collected between February 2022 and May 2022. The universe of the research; It consists of individuals affected by the earthquake in İzmir province. The sample of the study was determined as a minimum of 384 according to the known sampling method and consisted of individuals who accepted to participate in the study, completed the age of 18, and were able to read and write (N:383). As a data collection tool; Case Report Form, Post-Traumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale (PTSTS), DSM-5 Specific Phobia Severity Scale (DSM-5 SAI), and Adult Resilience Scale (YPDÖ) were used. Number, percentage, min-max values, mean and standard deviation t test, Pearson correlation test, Mann Whitney U test, Kruskal Wallis H test and Spearman correlation test were used in the analysis of the data. Statistical significance was evaluated at least at the p<0.05 level. Results: The mean age of the participants was 41.36±13.76; 62.7% are female, 36.3% are male. According to the mean TSSBD scores, 50.1% had mild, 21.4% moderate, 20.9% moderate-severe, 7.6% severe post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. It was determined that 89% of the participants had problems for more than 3 months, 67.6% of them stated the natural disaster as the most disturbing traumatic event, and 52.2% of the participants were not satisfied with life in general. It is seen that female participants have a higher level of post-traumatic stress symptoms. It is seen that the post-traumatic stress symptom level scores, re-experiencing and avoidance sub-dimension scores of the participants who had a fear of closed spaces before the earthquake and those who lost a relative in the earthquake were high. It was determined that the DSM-5 ÖFŞÖ specific phobia severity scale scores of the participants who graduated from primary and secondary education and whose houses were severely VI damaged were higher. Self-perception, future perception and It is seen that family adjustment sub-dimension scores are higher. It is seen that the participants with primary education and high school education have higher YPDÖ's perception of the future sub-dimension scores than the participants with undergraduate education. It is seen that the marital status of the single participants in the family harmony sub-dimension scores of the YPDÖ is higher than the participants whose marital status is married. It is seen that participants who had a mental illness before the earthquake had higher perception of the future sub-dimension scores of YPDÖ than participants who did not. It is seen that the participants who stayed in tent cities or container cities after the earthquake had higher perception of the future and family harmony sub-dimension scores of YPDÖ. It is seen that the participants who had to receive financial support due to the earthquake had higher scores on the future perception of the YPDÖ sub-dimension. It was determined that the participants who received psychological support due to the earthquake scored higher in the future perception sub-dimension of YPDÖ compared to those who did not. Conclusion: Post-traumatic stress disorder and claustrophobia symptoms were observed in individuals after the earthquake in İzmir. It has been determined that psychological resilience is affected by factors such as education, marital status, history of mental illness, injury status in the earthquake and receiving social support. Keywords: Disaster; Mental health; Izmir Earthquake; Post Trauma; Psychological Resilience; Claustrophobia
THE EVALUATION OF EARTHQUAKE VICTIMS AFTER THE 2020 IZMIR EARTHQUAKE IN TERMS OF POST-TRAUMIC STRESS, DEVELOPMENT OF CLOSTROPHOBIA AND PSYCHOLOGICAL RESILIENCE Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the post-traumatic stress level and the incidence of claustrophobia in earthquake victims in the 2020 Izmir Earthquake and to evaluate the earthquake victims in terms of their psychological resilience. Materials and Methods: The data collection phase of the research was carried out with individuals affected by the earthquake that occurred in İzmir. Data were collected between February 2022 and May 2022. The universe of the research; It consists of individuals affected by the earthquake in İzmir province. The sample of the study was determined as a minimum of 384 according to the known sampling method and consisted of individuals who accepted to participate in the study, completed the age of 18, and were able to read and write (N:383). As a data collection tool; Case Report Form, Post-Traumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale (PTSTS), DSM-5 Specific Phobia Severity Scale (DSM-5 SAI), and Adult Resilience Scale (YPDÖ) were used. Number, percentage, min-max values, mean and standard deviation t test, Pearson correlation test, Mann Whitney U test, Kruskal Wallis H test and Spearman correlation test were used in the analysis of the data. Statistical significance was evaluated at least at the p<0.05 level. Results: The mean age of the participants was 41.36±13.76; 62.7% are female, 36.3% are male. According to the mean TSSBD scores, 50.1% had mild, 21.4% moderate, 20.9% moderate-severe, 7.6% severe post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. It was determined that 89% of the participants had problems for more than 3 months, 67.6% of them stated the natural disaster as the most disturbing traumatic event, and 52.2% of the participants were not satisfied with life in general. It is seen that female participants have a higher level of post-traumatic stress symptoms. It is seen that the post-traumatic stress symptom level scores, re-experiencing and avoidance sub-dimension scores of the participants who had a fear of closed spaces before the earthquake and those who lost a relative in the earthquake were high. It was determined that the DSM-5 ÖFŞÖ specific phobia severity scale scores of the participants who graduated from primary and secondary education and whose houses were severely VI damaged were higher. Self-perception, future perception and It is seen that family adjustment sub-dimension scores are higher. It is seen that the participants with primary education and high school education have higher YPDÖ's perception of the future sub-dimension scores than the participants with undergraduate education. It is seen that the marital status of the single participants in the family harmony sub-dimension scores of the YPDÖ is higher than the participants whose marital status is married. It is seen that participants who had a mental illness before the earthquake had higher perception of the future sub-dimension scores of YPDÖ than participants who did not. It is seen that the participants who stayed in tent cities or container cities after the earthquake had higher perception of the future and family harmony sub-dimension scores of YPDÖ. It is seen that the participants who had to receive financial support due to the earthquake had higher scores on the future perception of the YPDÖ sub-dimension. It was determined that the participants who received psychological support due to the earthquake scored higher in the future perception sub-dimension of YPDÖ compared to those who did not. Conclusion: Post-traumatic stress disorder and claustrophobia symptoms were observed in individuals after the earthquake in İzmir. It has been determined that psychological resilience is affected by factors such as education, marital status, history of mental illness, injury status in the earthquake and receiving social support. Keywords: Disaster; Mental health; Izmir Earthquake; Post Trauma; Psychological Resilience; Claustrophobia
Açıklama
01.05.2023 tarihine kadar kullanımı yazar tarafından kısıtlanmıştır
Anahtar Kelimeler
Sağlık Eğitimi, Health Education, Sağlık Yönetimi, Healtcare Management
