İzmir'de yürütülen "Gebelerin ağız-diş sağlığının geliştirilmesi ve çürüksüz çocuklar programı"nın ara değerlendirmesi: Annelerin bilgi düzeylerindeki değişim
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2016
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
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Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Amaç: "Gebelerin Ağız-Diş Sağlığının Geliştirilmesi ve Çürüksüz Çocuklar Programı"nın ilk aşamasının annelerin bilgi düzeylerindeki değişim aracılığıyla değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Bu eğitim müdahalesi çalışması İzmir-Bornova Belediyesi'nin Mevlana, Naldöken, Altındağ semtlerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu semtlerde yaşayan ve 2013 Nisan-Haziran aylarında gebe olan kadınların (n=289) %85.8'i (n=248) ilk aşamaya katılmıştır. 2014 yılı ŞubatMart aylarındaki ikinci aşamaya %69.4'lük (172) katılım sağlanabilmiştir. Her iki aşamada da önce annelerin ağız-diş sağlığı bilgileri 12 önerme aracılığıyla ölçülmüş, dişleri muayene edilmiş, diş fırçalama tekniği öğretilmiş, grup eğitimi verilmiştir. Her bir önermenin birinci ve ikinci aşamada aldığı skorların ortalamaları bağımlı örneklerde işaretli sıra testi aracılığıyla karşılaştırılmıştır. Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması 27.1±5.07 olan annelerin %20.3'ünün eğitimi ilkokulun altındadır, %26.2'sinin anadili Türkçe değildir, %26.2'sinin sosyal, %11.6'sının sağlık güvencesi yoktur. Gebelerin dişlerinin kalsiyum kaybı nedeniyle çürüdüğü şeklindeki yanlış önermenin skoru 3.90±0.89 iken, ikinci aşamada ancak 3.56±1.31'ya düşebilmiştir. Gebelikte dişeti hastalığı ve sonuçlarıyla ilgili doğru önermelerin skorları artmış, çürüğe yol açan davranışlarla ilgili yanlış önermelerin skorları azalmış, yeterlilik inancında anlamlı artış olmuştur. "Dişlerimin sağlıklı olması için yapılması gerekenleri yerine getiriyorum" önermesinin skoru istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir artış göstermemiştir. Sonuç: Program annelerin bilgi düzeylerini artırmış, ancak yanlış inanışlar ve davranış değişimi açısından yeterli sonuca ulaşılamamıştır. Sosyokültürel gelişmeyle birlikte olmayan, sadece eğitime dayalı müdahaleler ağız-diş sağlığında sınırlı bir değişim yaratabilmektedir.
Objective: This study evaluates the first phase of a program entitled "Improving Oral Health in Pregnant Women and Reducing Caries in Children" based on the change in the level of knowledge of mothers. Methods: This interventional study was conducted in the Altındağ, Naldöken and, Mevlana districts in the Izmir-Bornova Municipality. 85.8% (n=248) of the pregnant women who lived in this neighborhood during April, May and June in 2013 (n=289) were enrolled in the program. 69.4% (n=172) participation rate was achieved in the second stage of the program during February and March 2014. In both phases, levels of knowledge of mothers were measured by using 12 propositions. The Mother's teeth were examined, toothbrushing technique was taught and oral health education was given. The average scores of the propositions contained in both questionnaires were compared for paired samples using Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results: The mean age was 27.1±5.07. The educational level of the mothers was below primary school for 20.3% of mothers'. For 26.2%, the mothers' native tongue was not Turkish, 11.6% had no health insurance. The score of the false proposition on 'tooth decays due to calcium loss in pregnancy' was decreased to 3.56±1.31 from 3.90±0.89. The score of true propositions on gum disease during pregnancy and its consequences increased, scores of false propositions concerning behaviors that lead to decay decreased. There was a significant increase in self-efficacy beliefs. The score for the proposition "I fulfill the things that needed to be done for the health of my teeth" did not show a statistically significant increase. Conclusion: The program increased the level of knowledge of the mothers but was not sufficient to change the false beliefs and behaviors. Unless combined with socio-cultural improvements, interventions based on oral health education can only make a limited change in oral health.
Objective: This study evaluates the first phase of a program entitled "Improving Oral Health in Pregnant Women and Reducing Caries in Children" based on the change in the level of knowledge of mothers. Methods: This interventional study was conducted in the Altındağ, Naldöken and, Mevlana districts in the Izmir-Bornova Municipality. 85.8% (n=248) of the pregnant women who lived in this neighborhood during April, May and June in 2013 (n=289) were enrolled in the program. 69.4% (n=172) participation rate was achieved in the second stage of the program during February and March 2014. In both phases, levels of knowledge of mothers were measured by using 12 propositions. The Mother's teeth were examined, toothbrushing technique was taught and oral health education was given. The average scores of the propositions contained in both questionnaires were compared for paired samples using Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results: The mean age was 27.1±5.07. The educational level of the mothers was below primary school for 20.3% of mothers'. For 26.2%, the mothers' native tongue was not Turkish, 11.6% had no health insurance. The score of the false proposition on 'tooth decays due to calcium loss in pregnancy' was decreased to 3.56±1.31 from 3.90±0.89. The score of true propositions on gum disease during pregnancy and its consequences increased, scores of false propositions concerning behaviors that lead to decay decreased. There was a significant increase in self-efficacy beliefs. The score for the proposition "I fulfill the things that needed to be done for the health of my teeth" did not show a statistically significant increase. Conclusion: The program increased the level of knowledge of the mothers but was not sufficient to change the false beliefs and behaviors. Unless combined with socio-cultural improvements, interventions based on oral health education can only make a limited change in oral health.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Halk ve Çevre Sağlığı
Kaynak
Türkiye Halk Sağlığı Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
14
Sayı
2
