Evaluation of Fire Blight (Erwinia amylovora) Disease Reaction of Pear Hybrid Combinations
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2017
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Erwinia amylovora bakterisinin neden olduğu ateş yanıklığı hastalığı, armudun önemli hastalıklarından biridir. Hastalığa karşı, antibiyotikler dışında etkili bir kimyasal mücadele bulunmaması nedeni ile ateş yanıklığına dayanıklı yeni1. IntroductionPear is one of the most important pome fruits in the World and included in family Rosaceae, and genus Pyrus. Most of the cultivated high quality varieties are belong to Pyrus communis species. Fire blight disease caused by Erwinia amylovora is the most destructive bacterial disease of pear (Van Der Zwet & Beer 1995). the disease occurs extensively in several regions of the World where pear and species belong to Rosaceae family is grown. Fire blight disease brings out significant damages at nurseries and affects trade seriously. Pyrus communis species namely European pear is highly susceptible to fire blight. on the other hand, other major species as P. ussuriensis, P. pyrifolia, and P. serotina are resistant to the disease (Shoemaker & Teskey 1959).E. amylovora affects all upper organs as flowers, shoots, branches of host plants and kills whole plant. Disease development is connected to environment, host and pathogen interaction, and intensity and damage changes through year (Van Der Zwet & Beer 1995).Cultural practices, different chemical and biological management methods can be used as et al 2011). in this study, different crosses [resistant x resistant; resistant x susceptible; susceptible quality cultivars (Evrenosoğlu et al 2011; Öztürk çeşitlerin geliştirilmesi çok önemlidir. Bu araştırmada, ateş yanıklığına dayanıklı armut tiplerinin seçilmesi ve geliştirilmesinin hedeflenmesinin yanısıra farklı projelerden farklı melezleme kombinasyonlarıyla elde edilen melezlerin ateş yanıklığına hassasiyet seviyelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Melez bitkiler sürgün enjeksiyonu yoluyla her yıl iki kez inokule edilmişlerdir. Nekroz oluşturan sürgün oranına göre değerlendirmeler gerçekleştirilmiş ve hassasiyet sınıfları belirlenmiştir. Denemeler boyunca, inokule edilen toplam 7036 melez bitkiden, % 12.28'i "çok az duyarlı" (A), % 3.62'si ise "az duyarlı" (B) sınıfta yer almışlardır
Fire blight caused by pathogenic bacterium Erwinia amylovora, is the serious disease of pear. Since there is no effective chemical management to this disease except antibiotic-type compounds, it is very important to improve new fire blight resistant cultivars. in this research, it was aimed to select and develop fire blight resistant pear types and to determine fire blight susceptibility levels of pear hybrids, obtained from different projects. Hybrid plants were inoculated by shoot injections twice each year. Evaluations were made through necrotic shoot rate and susceptibility levels of hybrids were determined. During the experiments, 7036 hybrid pear seedlings inoculated, and 12.28% of them were found as “very low susceptibility” (A), 3.62% as “low susceptibility” (B) classes
Fire blight caused by pathogenic bacterium Erwinia amylovora, is the serious disease of pear. Since there is no effective chemical management to this disease except antibiotic-type compounds, it is very important to improve new fire blight resistant cultivars. in this research, it was aimed to select and develop fire blight resistant pear types and to determine fire blight susceptibility levels of pear hybrids, obtained from different projects. Hybrid plants were inoculated by shoot injections twice each year. Evaluations were made through necrotic shoot rate and susceptibility levels of hybrids were determined. During the experiments, 7036 hybrid pear seedlings inoculated, and 12.28% of them were found as “very low susceptibility” (A), 3.62% as “low susceptibility” (B) classes
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