Bir atıksu ısı pompası sisteminin enerjetik, ekserjetik, eksergoekonomik ve eksergoçevresel performansının deneysel olarak incelenmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2019
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu tez çalışması kapsamında, bir atıksu ısı pompası sisteminin performansı enerji, ekserji, eksergoekonomik ve eksergoçevresel analiz yöntemleri kullanılarak, deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda bir deney sisteminin tasarımı ve Yaşar Üniversite'sinde kurulumu gerçekleştirilmiş ve farklı koşullar altında deneyler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen deney sonuçları kullanılarak kütle, enerji, ekserji, eksergoekonomik ve eksergoçevresel bağıntılar tüm sistem elemanlarına uygulanmıştır. Bu tez çalışmasının ilk kısmında, bir giriş verilerek konunun önemi vurgulanmıştır. Sonrasında, bir literatür araştırması yapılmış ve önceki çalışmaların özetleri verilerek bu çalışmalardan elde edilen sonuçlar kronolojik olarak bir tabloda özetlenmiştir. Daha sonra, atıksudan ısı geri kazanım yolları özetlenmiş ve atıksu kaynaklı ısı pompaları (ASKIP) detaylı bir şekilde sunulmuştur. Dünya'da yer alan çeşitli ASKIP uygulamaları da tarihsel gelişim süreci de açıklanarak bu bölümde verilmiştir. Dördüncü bölümde, enerji, ekserji, eksergoekonomik ve eksergoçevresel analiz yöntemleri detaylı olarak aktarılmıştır. Bunun ardından, deney sistemi ve çalışma mekanizması oldukça detaylı bir şekilde açıklanmış ve sistem üzerinde yapılan deneylerin bir listesi verilmiştir. Altıncı bölümde ise daha önce dördüncü bölümde verilmiş olan denklemler sisteme uygulanmış ve her bir sistem elemanı için enerjetik, ekserjetik, eksergoekonomik ve eksergoçevresel bağıntılar elde edilerek sunulmuştur. Bulguların değerlendirilmesi ve tartışma kısmında, farklı sistem konfigürasyonları ile yapılan deneylerden elde edilen sonuçlar özetlenmiş ve Doğru Akım (DA) kompresör - Alternatif Akım (AA) kompresör, plakalı - daldırılmış atıksu ısı değiştiricisi ve fancoil - havalı ısı değiştirici performansları karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu bölümde aynı zamanda, ısıtma ve soğutma modundan birer deney seçilerek, eksergoekonomik ve eksergoçevresel analiz sonuçları parametrik çalışmalar ile birlikte verilmiştir. Son olarak, sonuç ve öneriler kısmında bu tez çalışmasından elde edilen sonuçlar özetlenmiş ve ileride yapılabilecek çalışma önerileri sunulmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, Doğru Akım (DA) kompresör alternative akım (AA) olana göre daha düşük ekserji yıkımına sahip olduğu görülürken, daldırımış Atıksu ısı değiştiricisi (ASID) ve fancoil için plakalı ve havalı ısı değiştiricilere oranla bunun tam tersi bir durum söz konusu olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Eksergoekonomik sonuçlara bakıldığında, fancoil ünitesinin hem ısıtma (0,114) hem soğutma (0,179) modlarında en düşük eksergoekonomik faktör değerlerine sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Öte yandan, en yüksek eksergoekonomik faktör değerine ısıtma modu için 0,701 ile yoğuşturucu, soğutma modu için ise 0,668 ile buharlaştırıcının sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Eksergoçevresel sonuçlara bakıldığında ise, hem ısıtma hem soğutma modları için hemen hemen tüm sistem elemanlarının 0,5'ten düşük eksergoçevresel faktör değerlerine sahip olduğu ve dolayısıyla çevresel etki için ana parametrenin ekserji kayıp ve yıkımları ile ilgili olduğu görülmüştür. Yapılan parametrik çalışmalar sonucunda yıllık çalışma süresindeki artışın eksergoekonomik ve eksergoçevresel faktör değerleri ile ürünlere ait birim ekserji başına ortalama maliyetlerinde bir düşüşe neden olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Öte yandan, faiz oranında tam tersi bir eğilim gözlemlenmiştir. Yani, faiz oranı artığında söz konusu indikatörlerde eksergoekonomik ve eksergoçevresel faktör değerleri ile ürünlerin birim ekserji başına ortalama maliyetleri düşmektedir.
In this thesis, a PV/T assisted wastewater source heat pump (WWSHP) system was experimentally evaluated using energy, exergy, exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental analysis methods. Within this context, first, an experimental setup was designed and installed at Yasar University, Izmir, Turkey and experiments were conducted using different system configurations. Experimental data were gathered and mass, energy, exergy, exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental balance equations were applied to all system components. In this thesis, a PV/T (Photovoltaic/Thermal) assisted wastewater source heat pump (WWSHP) system was experimentally evaluated using energy, exergy, exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental analysis methods. Within this context, first, an experimental setup was designed and installed at Yasar University, Izmir, Turkey and experiments were conducted using different system configurations. Mass, energy, exergy, exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental balance equations were applied to all system components using the experimental data. In the first section of this thesis, an introduction was made by highlighting the importance of the topic. Then, a literature review was conducted, where summaries of the previous studies were given and the results obtained from these studies were summarized in a table in a chronological order. After that, ways for recovering heat from wastewater were explained and WWSHPs were explained in detail. WWSHPs from all over the world were also given in this section by explaining the historical development process. In the fourth section, energy, exergy, exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental analysis methods were explained in detail. Next, experimental system and its operation were explained in detail and a list of all conducted experiments were given. In the sixth section, the general equations given in the fourth section were applied to the experimental WWSHP system and energetic, exergetic, exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental balance equations were gathered for each system component. In the results and discussion section, the results gathered from each experiment were summarized and the performances of Direct Current (DC) and Alternative Current (AC) compressor, plate wastewater heat exchanger (WWHE) and submersed WWHE and fancoil unit and air source heat exchanger were compared to each other. Exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental results along with some parametrical studies were also given and discussed in this section for a selected experiment from cooling and heating modes. In this section, also, one experiment from heating and cooling modes were selected and their exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental results were given along with some parametric studies. Finally, the main results gained from this thesis were summarized and some possible future studies were addressed in the conclusion section. According to the results from the experiments with different system configurations, DC compressor had lower exergy destruction compared to the AC one, while it was the opposite for the fancoil and submersed WWHE in comparison with air and plate heat exchangers. The exergoeconomic results showed that the fancoil unit had the lowest exergoeconomic factor values with 0.114 (for heating) and 0.179 (for cooling) while the highest values occured in the evaporator for the heating mode with 0.701 and in the condenser for cooling mode with 0.668. When the exergoenvironmental results were examined, it was seen that the exergoenvironmental factor values of almost every component were below 0.5 for both heating and cooling and therefore the main parameter for the environmental impact is associated with the exergy losses and destructions. The parametric studies showed that the increase in working hours results in an decrease in exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental factors as well as specific exergy costs of products. For the interest rate on the other hand, an opposite tendency was observed meaning that when the interest rate increases the exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental factors and specific exergy costs of products increases. According to the results from the experiments with different system configurations, DC compressor had lower exergy destruction compared to the AC one, while it was the opposite for the fancoil and submersed WWHE in comparison with air and plate heat exchangers. The exergoeconomic results showed that the fancoil unit had the lowest exergoeconomic factor values with 0.12 (for heating) and 0.18 (for cooling) while the highest values occured in the condenser for the heating mode with 0.70 and in the evaporator for cooling mode with 0.67. The exergoenvironmental results showed that the exergoenvironmental factor values of almost every component were below 0.5 for both heating and cooling, which indicates that the main parameter for the environmental impact is associated with the exergy losses and destructions. The parametric studies showed that the increase in working hours results in an decrease in exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental factors as well as specific exergy costs of products. For the interest, an opposite tendency was observed meaning that when the interest rate increases the exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental factors and specific exergy costs of products increases.
In this thesis, a PV/T assisted wastewater source heat pump (WWSHP) system was experimentally evaluated using energy, exergy, exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental analysis methods. Within this context, first, an experimental setup was designed and installed at Yasar University, Izmir, Turkey and experiments were conducted using different system configurations. Experimental data were gathered and mass, energy, exergy, exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental balance equations were applied to all system components. In this thesis, a PV/T (Photovoltaic/Thermal) assisted wastewater source heat pump (WWSHP) system was experimentally evaluated using energy, exergy, exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental analysis methods. Within this context, first, an experimental setup was designed and installed at Yasar University, Izmir, Turkey and experiments were conducted using different system configurations. Mass, energy, exergy, exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental balance equations were applied to all system components using the experimental data. In the first section of this thesis, an introduction was made by highlighting the importance of the topic. Then, a literature review was conducted, where summaries of the previous studies were given and the results obtained from these studies were summarized in a table in a chronological order. After that, ways for recovering heat from wastewater were explained and WWSHPs were explained in detail. WWSHPs from all over the world were also given in this section by explaining the historical development process. In the fourth section, energy, exergy, exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental analysis methods were explained in detail. Next, experimental system and its operation were explained in detail and a list of all conducted experiments were given. In the sixth section, the general equations given in the fourth section were applied to the experimental WWSHP system and energetic, exergetic, exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental balance equations were gathered for each system component. In the results and discussion section, the results gathered from each experiment were summarized and the performances of Direct Current (DC) and Alternative Current (AC) compressor, plate wastewater heat exchanger (WWHE) and submersed WWHE and fancoil unit and air source heat exchanger were compared to each other. Exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental results along with some parametrical studies were also given and discussed in this section for a selected experiment from cooling and heating modes. In this section, also, one experiment from heating and cooling modes were selected and their exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental results were given along with some parametric studies. Finally, the main results gained from this thesis were summarized and some possible future studies were addressed in the conclusion section. According to the results from the experiments with different system configurations, DC compressor had lower exergy destruction compared to the AC one, while it was the opposite for the fancoil and submersed WWHE in comparison with air and plate heat exchangers. The exergoeconomic results showed that the fancoil unit had the lowest exergoeconomic factor values with 0.114 (for heating) and 0.179 (for cooling) while the highest values occured in the evaporator for the heating mode with 0.701 and in the condenser for cooling mode with 0.668. When the exergoenvironmental results were examined, it was seen that the exergoenvironmental factor values of almost every component were below 0.5 for both heating and cooling and therefore the main parameter for the environmental impact is associated with the exergy losses and destructions. The parametric studies showed that the increase in working hours results in an decrease in exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental factors as well as specific exergy costs of products. For the interest rate on the other hand, an opposite tendency was observed meaning that when the interest rate increases the exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental factors and specific exergy costs of products increases. According to the results from the experiments with different system configurations, DC compressor had lower exergy destruction compared to the AC one, while it was the opposite for the fancoil and submersed WWHE in comparison with air and plate heat exchangers. The exergoeconomic results showed that the fancoil unit had the lowest exergoeconomic factor values with 0.12 (for heating) and 0.18 (for cooling) while the highest values occured in the condenser for the heating mode with 0.70 and in the evaporator for cooling mode with 0.67. The exergoenvironmental results showed that the exergoenvironmental factor values of almost every component were below 0.5 for both heating and cooling, which indicates that the main parameter for the environmental impact is associated with the exergy losses and destructions. The parametric studies showed that the increase in working hours results in an decrease in exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental factors as well as specific exergy costs of products. For the interest, an opposite tendency was observed meaning that when the interest rate increases the exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental factors and specific exergy costs of products increases.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Atıksu, Isı Geri Kazanımı, Atıksu Kaynaklı Isı Pompası, Ekserji, Eksergoekonomik, Eksergoçevresel, Çevre, Sürdürülebilirlik, Wastewater, Heat Recovery, Wastewater Source Heat Pump, Exergy, Exergoeconomy, Exergoenvironmental, Environment, Sustainability
