Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological states of youth and adult elite male athletes

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dc.contributor.authorBolat, Gül Ünsel
dc.contributor.authorBalcı, Görkem A.
dc.contributor.authorHurşitoğlu, Onur
dc.contributor.authorLima, Yavuz
dc.contributor.authorŞenışık, Seçkin
dc.contributor.authorErgün, Metin
dc.contributor.authorDenerel, Nevzad
dc.date.accessioned2023-01-12T20:32:22Z
dc.date.available2023-01-12T20:32:22Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.departmentN/A/Departmenten_US
dc.description.abstractObjective: Although the psychological states of athletes were negatively affected during the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a lack of studies examining the psychological impact on athletes according to age, sports discipline, and contact requirement of the sport. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on elite athletes according to age, sport discipline (team-individual), and contact requirements of the sports (contact and non-contact). Material and methods: Three questionnaires (Depression anxiety stress scale-21, Impact of events scale (IES), International physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ)) were sent to participants’ smartphones, six weeks after professional football leagues were postponed. The online survey was completed by 440 athletes and 126 non-athlete volunteers. Athletes were divided into three groups as follows; team sports, individual contact, and individual non-contact-sports. Also, each group was subdivided into two age groups as youth and adult. Results: Depression, anxiety, and stress scores for the team sports were significantly lower than individual contact-sports (p<0.01 each) and individual non-contact-sports (p=0.02, p<0.01, p<0.01, respectively). IES score for the team sports was significantly lower than the individual contact sports, individual non-contact sports, and non-athlete volunteers (p<0.01, p=0.02, p=0.04, respectively). There was no other significant difference between the scale scores of the groups (athletes-control, or youth-adult) (p>0.05). Conclusion: Mental health status of team sport athletes were relatively protected, whereas, individual contact sports athletes were highly affected. The psychological states of individual contact athletes should be monitored closely, and necessary psychosocial support should be provided to create coping strategies.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.47447/tjsm.0597
dc.identifier.endpage37en_US
dc.identifier.issn2587-1498
dc.identifier.issue1en_US
dc.identifier.startpage31en_US
dc.identifier.trdizinid532061en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.47447/tjsm.0597
dc.identifier.urihttps://search.trdizin.gov.tr/yayin/detay/532061
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11454/81113
dc.identifier.volume57en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakTR-Dizinen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.relation.ispartofSpor Hekimliği Dergisien_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Ulusal Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.titleEffects of COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological states of youth and adult elite male athletesen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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