İzmir ve Manisa illerinde buğdayda sarı pas (Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici) hastalığının yaygınlığı, ırkları ve çeşit reaksiyonlarının belirlenmesi üzerine araştırmalar
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Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
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Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Türkiye' de buğday üretim alanlarında sorun olan fungal hastalıklardan birisi de sarı pas hastalığıdır. Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst)'nin neden olduğu sarı pas hastalığının İzmir ve Manisa illerindeki durumunun ortaya konulması ve ırklarının belirlenmesi amacıyla 2021 yılında Mart ve Mayıs ayları arasında survey çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. İnceleme yapılan 71 tarlanın 45'i temiz, 26'sı hastalıkla bulaşık olarak belirlenmiştir. Hastalıkla bulaşık tarlalardaki hastalık oranlarında ve bitkilerdeki hastalık şiddeti verilerinde, ilçelere göre değişkenlik görülmekle birlikte tarladan tarlaya bile farklılıklar gözlenmiştir. Sarı pas hastalığı ile bulaşık yaprak örneklerinden spor çoğaltma yoluyla 20 izolat elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu izolatlarda, 17 Yr tek gen içeren ırk ayırıcı set kullanılarak ırk belirleme çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiş ve 6 farklı sarı pas ırkı belirlenmiştir. Pst-4 no'lu sarı pas ırkı en yaygın ırk olarak tespit edilmiştir. Belirlenen tüm ırkların Yr2, Yr6, Yr7, Yr8, Yr17, Yr25 ve Yr27 dayanıklılık genleri üzerine virülent; Yr1, Yr5, Yr10, Yr15, Yr24 ve YrSp dayanıklılık genleri üzerine ise avirülent olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çeşit reaksiyonu çalışmalarında, ekmeklik (9 adet) ve makarnalık (3 adet) buğday çeşitleri 6 sarı pas ırkına karşı fide döneminde test edilmiştir. Ünsal-35 çeşidi hariç tüm ekmeklik çeşitler 6 sarı pas ırkına karşı hassas, makarnalık buğday çeşitleri ise dayanıklı olarak belirlenmiştir.
Yellow rust is one of the most destructive fungal diseases, causing crop loss in wheat production areas in Türkiye. Surveys were conducted in 2021 to determine the current races and prevalence of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) in Izmir and Manisa provinces. Among the 71 fields examined, 45 were free from the disease and 26 were infected with yellow rust. The disease rates and the disease severity of plants in the infected fields varied across district, with differences observed even from to the districts, and differences were observed even within the field. Twenty isolates obtained from yellow rust-infected leaves were characterized after spore multiplication. Following the multiplication process, race analysis of these isolates were carried out using a differential set containing 17 Yr single genes. As a result of this study, six races were identified. Our study showed that the most prevalent race of stripe rust was Pst-4. Additionally, our research demonstrated that all races were virulent on Yr2, Yr6, Yr7, Yr8, Yr17, Yr25, and Yr27 but, avirulent on Yr1, Yr5, Yr10, Yr15, Yr24, and YrSp genes. In the variety reaction studies, bread (9) and durum (3) wheat varieties were tested against 6 Pst races in seedling stage. The study showed that all tested bread wheat varieties, except Ünsal-35, were found to be susceptible to 6 Pst races, whereas durum wheat varieties were resistant.
Yellow rust is one of the most destructive fungal diseases, causing crop loss in wheat production areas in Türkiye. Surveys were conducted in 2021 to determine the current races and prevalence of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) in Izmir and Manisa provinces. Among the 71 fields examined, 45 were free from the disease and 26 were infected with yellow rust. The disease rates and the disease severity of plants in the infected fields varied across district, with differences observed even from to the districts, and differences were observed even within the field. Twenty isolates obtained from yellow rust-infected leaves were characterized after spore multiplication. Following the multiplication process, race analysis of these isolates were carried out using a differential set containing 17 Yr single genes. As a result of this study, six races were identified. Our study showed that the most prevalent race of stripe rust was Pst-4. Additionally, our research demonstrated that all races were virulent on Yr2, Yr6, Yr7, Yr8, Yr17, Yr25, and Yr27 but, avirulent on Yr1, Yr5, Yr10, Yr15, Yr24, and YrSp genes. In the variety reaction studies, bread (9) and durum (3) wheat varieties were tested against 6 Pst races in seedling stage. The study showed that all tested bread wheat varieties, except Ünsal-35, were found to be susceptible to 6 Pst races, whereas durum wheat varieties were resistant.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture
