Kronik anaerobik antrenmanların paraoksonaz 3 (PON3) aktivitesi üzerine etkisi ve PON3-A665G polimorfizminin rolü
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
Kronik Anaerobik Antrenmanların Paraoksanaz 3 (PON3) Aktivitesi Üzerine Etkisi Ve PON3-A665A Polimorfizminin Rolü Amaç: Koroner halp hastalığı (KKH), dünyadaki başlıca ölüm nedenlerinden biridir. Paraoksonaz (PON) enzim ailesi (PON1, PON2 ve PON3) antioksidan ve antiaterosiklerotik özelliklere sahiptir. Bu enzimlerin protein düzeylerinin ve aktivitelerinin düşük olması, KKH için risk faktörüdür. Ayrıca bu enzimlerin PON3-A665G, PON3-C567T ve PON1-L55M polimorfizmlerinin (PON3665P, PON3567P ve PON1P) de KKH ile ilişkili olduğu belirtilmektedir. Bu araştırmada, kronik anaerobik antrenmanların, serum PON1 ve PON3 enzimlerinin protein düzeylerine, PON3'ün laktonaz aktivitesi (PON3LA) ile PON1'in hem paraoksonaz (PON1EA) hem de laktonaz (PON1LA) aktivitelerine ve yüksek dansiteli lipoprotein (HDL) ile onun alt gruplarının laktonaz aktivitelerine (HDLLA, HDL3LA, HDL2LA) ektileri ve bu etkilerde belirtilen polimorfizmlerin rolü araştırılmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya düzenli anaerobik antrenman yapmakta olan (basketbol, hentbol, voleybol) erkek sporcu grubu (SG: n=36, yaş=20,56 ± 2,42 yıl) ve kontrol grubu (KG: n=39, yaş=22,26 ± 3,44 yıl) katılmıştır. Katılımcıların fiziksel ölçümlerinin tamamlanmasının ardından YOYO IR-1 testi uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca yukarıda belirtilen enzimler ile okside LDL (oksLDL)'nin protein düzeyleri (ELİSA yöntemiyle), bu enzimlerin aktiviteleri (kinetic yöntemlerle) ve belirtilen polimorfizmler (genomik DNA örneklerinden) belirlenmiştir. Bulgular: SG'nin serum laktonaz (LA) (p=0,050), serum PON3LA (p=0,028) aktiviteleri ve PON3 (p=0,023) protein düzeyleri, KG'ye kıyasla düşük olmasına karşın oksLDL (p=0,029) düzeyleri daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Sporcularda; PON3665P'nin G taşıyıcı grubunun (SGt), serum LA (p=0,017), serum PON3LA (p=0,040), HDLPON3LA (p=0,032), HDL3LA (p=0,023) ve serum PON3 protein düzeyleri (p=0,027), KG'ye kıyasla anlamlı olarak daha düşük bulunmuştur. Kontrol gruplarında; PON3665P'nin AA (KAA) homozigot grubunun HDLLA (p=0,041), HDL3LA (p=0,005), serum PON1LA (p=0,047) aktiviteleri ve serum PON3 (p=0,008) protein düzeyleri, G taşıyıcı grubuna göre (KGt) daha düşük bulunmuştur. Sporcularda; PON1P'nin M taşıyıcı genotip grubunun (SMt), serum PON3LA (p=0,016) aktivitesi, kontol genotip grubuna kıyasla anlamlı olarak daha düşük bulunmuştur. Sporcularda; PON1P'nin LL (SLL) genotip grubunun, HDL2PON1EA (p=0,012), HDL3PON1EA (p=0,045), HDLPON1EA (p=0,021), serum PON1EA (p=0,016) düzeylerinin, M taşıyıcı grubuna (SMt) göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar: Bu bulgular kronik anaerobik antrenmanların sporcuların serum oksLDL ve PON3 statüsünü olumsuz yönde etkilediğini göstermektedir. Benzer şekilde, PON3665P'nin G taşıyıcı grubununun AA homozigot grubuna göre genetik olarak daha iyi bir laktonaz aktivitesine sahip olmasına rağmen PON3 düzeylerinin antrenmanlardan kötü etkilenmiş olması, bu grubun anaerobik antrenmanlara karşı kazandığı aşırı hassasiyetten kaynaklanabilir. Ancak AA homozigot grubunun bu dezavantajına rağmen antrenmanlardan kötü etkilenmemiş olması ilginçtir. Bu durumun aydınlatılaması için daha ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır. Ayrıca, PON1P'nin SMt grubunun serum PON3LA (p=0,016) aktivitesinin antrenmanlardan kötü etkilenmiş olmasında, bu grubun SLL genotip grubuna göre daha düşük bir antioksidan kapasiteye (PON1EA dahil) sahip olmasının rolü olabilir. Anaerobik antrenmanların serum ve HDL ve alt gruplarının laktonaz aktiviteleri üzerindeki etkilerinde gruplar arasında gözlenen farklılıklarda PON3665P, PON3567P, ve PON1P'nin rolü olabilir. Bu bulgular literatürde ilktir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Paraoksonaz 3, Paraoksonaz 1, Paraoksonaz polimorfizmi, Kronik anaerobik antrenman, Paraoksonaz aktivitesi, Laktonaz aktivitesi, Koroner kalp hastalığı
Effect of Chronic Anaerobic Trainings on Paraoxanase 3 (PON3) Activity and Role of PON3-A665G Polymorphism Aim: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the main causes of death in the world. Paraoxonase (PON) enzyme family (PON1, PON2 and PON3) have antioxidant and antiatherosclerotic properties. Low protein levels and activities of these enzymes are risk factors for CHD. In addition, it is stated that the PON3-A665G, PON3-C567T and PON1-L55M polymorphisms (PON3665P, PON3567P and PON1P) of these enzymes are also associated with CHD. In this study, the effects of chronic anaerobic training on serum PON1 and PON3 enzymes protein levels, PON3 lactonase activity (PON3LA), both paraoxonase and lactonase activities (PON1EA, PON1LA) of PON1, and high-density lipoprotein and its subgroups lactonase activities (HDLLA, HDL3LA and HDL2LA) and the role of polymorphisms in these effects were investigated. Method: The group of male athletes (handball, basketball, volleyball) doing regular anaerobic training (SG: n=36, age=20.56 ± 2.42 years) and the control group (KG: n=39, age= 2.26 ± 3.44 years) were included in the study. After the physical measurements, the YOYO IR-1 test was applied. In addition, the protein levels of PON1 and PON3 enzymes and oxidized LDL (oxLDL) (by ELISA method), the activities of the these enzymes (by kinetic methods) and the specified polymorphisms (from genomic DNA samples) were determined. Results: Although serum lactonase activities (LA) (p=0.050), serum PON3LA (p=0.028) and PON3 (p=0.023) protein levels of SG were lower than KG, oxLDL (p=0.029) levels were higher. In athletes; PON3665P's G carrier group (SGc), serum LA (p=0.017), serum PON3LA (p=0.040), HDLPON3LA (p=0.032), HDL3LA (p=0.023) and serum PON3 protein levels (p=0.027) were significantly lower than control groups. In control groups; HDLLA (p=0.041), HDL3LA (p=0.005), serum PON1LA (p=0.047) activities and serum PON3 (p=0.008) protein level of PON3665P homozygous group for AA (p=0.041) were lower than the G carrier group (KGc). In athletes; the serum PON3LA (p=0.016) of the M carrier genotype group (SMc) of PON1P were significantly lower than the control genotype group. In athletes; the LL (SLL) genotype group of PON1P's serum HDL2PON1EA (p=0.012), HDL3PON1EA (p=0.045), HDLPON1EA (p=0.021) and PON1EA (p=0.016) were significantly higher than the M carrier group (SMc). Conclusions: These findings indicate that chronic anaerobic training adversely affects the serum oxLDL and PON3 status of athletes. Similarly, although the G carrier group of PON3665P had a genetically better lactonase activity than the AA homozygous group, the fact that the PON3 levels were badly affected by the training which could be caused by an excessive sensitivity of anaerobic trainings. However, it is interesting that the AA group was not adversely affected by the training despite this disadvantage. This situation have been going to clarify with further studies. In addition, the serum PON3LA (p=0.016) of the SMc group in PON1P was adversely affected by the training, could be caused by a lower antioxidant capacity (including PON1EA) than the SLL genotype group. PON3665P and PON1P may have a role in the effects of anaerobic training on serum and HDL and lactonase activities of its subgroups. These findings are the first in the literature. Keywords: Paraoxonase 3, Paraoxonase 1, Paraoxonase polymorphism, Chronic anaerobic training, Lactonase activity, Coronary heart disease.
Effect of Chronic Anaerobic Trainings on Paraoxanase 3 (PON3) Activity and Role of PON3-A665G Polymorphism Aim: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the main causes of death in the world. Paraoxonase (PON) enzyme family (PON1, PON2 and PON3) have antioxidant and antiatherosclerotic properties. Low protein levels and activities of these enzymes are risk factors for CHD. In addition, it is stated that the PON3-A665G, PON3-C567T and PON1-L55M polymorphisms (PON3665P, PON3567P and PON1P) of these enzymes are also associated with CHD. In this study, the effects of chronic anaerobic training on serum PON1 and PON3 enzymes protein levels, PON3 lactonase activity (PON3LA), both paraoxonase and lactonase activities (PON1EA, PON1LA) of PON1, and high-density lipoprotein and its subgroups lactonase activities (HDLLA, HDL3LA and HDL2LA) and the role of polymorphisms in these effects were investigated. Method: The group of male athletes (handball, basketball, volleyball) doing regular anaerobic training (SG: n=36, age=20.56 ± 2.42 years) and the control group (KG: n=39, age= 2.26 ± 3.44 years) were included in the study. After the physical measurements, the YOYO IR-1 test was applied. In addition, the protein levels of PON1 and PON3 enzymes and oxidized LDL (oxLDL) (by ELISA method), the activities of the these enzymes (by kinetic methods) and the specified polymorphisms (from genomic DNA samples) were determined. Results: Although serum lactonase activities (LA) (p=0.050), serum PON3LA (p=0.028) and PON3 (p=0.023) protein levels of SG were lower than KG, oxLDL (p=0.029) levels were higher. In athletes; PON3665P's G carrier group (SGc), serum LA (p=0.017), serum PON3LA (p=0.040), HDLPON3LA (p=0.032), HDL3LA (p=0.023) and serum PON3 protein levels (p=0.027) were significantly lower than control groups. In control groups; HDLLA (p=0.041), HDL3LA (p=0.005), serum PON1LA (p=0.047) activities and serum PON3 (p=0.008) protein level of PON3665P homozygous group for AA (p=0.041) were lower than the G carrier group (KGc). In athletes; the serum PON3LA (p=0.016) of the M carrier genotype group (SMc) of PON1P were significantly lower than the control genotype group. In athletes; the LL (SLL) genotype group of PON1P's serum HDL2PON1EA (p=0.012), HDL3PON1EA (p=0.045), HDLPON1EA (p=0.021) and PON1EA (p=0.016) were significantly higher than the M carrier group (SMc). Conclusions: These findings indicate that chronic anaerobic training adversely affects the serum oxLDL and PON3 status of athletes. Similarly, although the G carrier group of PON3665P had a genetically better lactonase activity than the AA homozygous group, the fact that the PON3 levels were badly affected by the training which could be caused by an excessive sensitivity of anaerobic trainings. However, it is interesting that the AA group was not adversely affected by the training despite this disadvantage. This situation have been going to clarify with further studies. In addition, the serum PON3LA (p=0.016) of the SMc group in PON1P was adversely affected by the training, could be caused by a lower antioxidant capacity (including PON1EA) than the SLL genotype group. PON3665P and PON1P may have a role in the effects of anaerobic training on serum and HDL and lactonase activities of its subgroups. These findings are the first in the literature. Keywords: Paraoxonase 3, Paraoxonase 1, Paraoxonase polymorphism, Chronic anaerobic training, Lactonase activity, Coronary heart disease.
Açıklama
26.01.2023 tarihine kadar kullanımı yazar tarafından kısıtlanmıştır
Anahtar Kelimeler
Biyokimya, Biochemistry, Genetik, Genetics, Spor, Sports
