Tip 2 diyabetli bireylerin hastalığa ilişkin problem alanları ile tıbbi beslenme tedavisine uyumları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu araştırma; Ocak 2023- Haziran 2023 tarihleri arasında Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Endokrin ve Metabolizma Hastalıkları Polikliniği'nde en az bir yıl önce Tip 2 DM tanısı almış takipli 18-65 yaş arası bireylerde Akdeniz Diyetine Bağlılık düzeyinin belirlenmesi, hastalığa ilişkin Problem Alanları düzeyinin belirlenmesi, hastalıkla ile ilgili yaşadıkları problemlerin derecesi ile TBT'ye bağlılıkları arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi için kesitsel tipte yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya 18-65 yaş arası ve en az bir yıl önce Tip 2 DM tanısı almış, gönüllü olan ve dışlanma kriterlerine saihip olmayan katılımcılar dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri (Birey tanıtım formu, Diyabette Problem Alanları Ölçeği (DPAÖ), Akdeniz Diyeti Bağlılık Ölçeği(ADBÖ)) araştırmacı tarafından poliklinikte yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile doldurulmuştur. Poliklinikteki baskül ile ağırlık, duvara sabitlenmiş boy ölçer ile boy ve esnemeyen mezura ile bel çevresi ölçülecek araştırmacı tarafından birey tanıtım formuna kayıt edilmiştir. Akdeniz Diyetine Bağlılık düzeyi bağımlı değişken iken, Diyabette Problem Alanları düzeyi temel bağımsız değişken; bireyin sosyo-demografik özellikleri, boy, ağırlık, bel çevresi, fiziksel aktivite yapma durumu, alkol kullanma durumu, diyabet yaşı, diyabete bağlı komplikasyon gelişme durumu ve diyabet dışında başka kronik hastalık varlığı değişkenleri de alt bağımsız değişkenlerdir. Diyabette Hastalığa İlişkin Problem Alanları düzeyi, DPAÖ ile; TBT'ye uyum ADBÖ ile saptanmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 55,84 ± 8,54 yıl ve %61,1 kadındır. %48,2'si obezdir ve yaklaşık yarısı 10 yıl ve daha fazla süredir Tip 2 DM'lidir. Katlımcıların DPAÖ'den aldıkları puanların ortalaması 34,38 ± 17,80 ve ADBÖ'den aldıkları puanların ortalaması 9,44 ± 2,04 olarak belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların %72,8'inin Akdeniz diyetine sıkı uyum sağladığı saptanmış olup DPAÖ ve ADBÖ puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulunmamıştır (r= -0,015; p= 0,809). Katılımcıların yaş, cinsiyet, sağlık alannında çalışma, kronik komplikasyon geliştirme durumu DPAÖ puanlarını; yaş, düzenli fiziksel aktivite yapma durumu ADBÖ puanlarını anlamlı düzeyde etkilediği bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Araştırma sonucunda Tip 2 DM'li bireyleri hastalıkla ile ilgili yaşadıkları problemlerin derecesi ile TBT'ye bağlılıkları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki belirlenememiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda; istatistiksel olarak kanıtlanamasa da, Tip 2 DM'li birey beslenme tedavisine tam ve doğru uyum gösteremediğinde, diyabetin kendisi üzerinde oluşturduğu problemlerin etkili olduğunu bahane olarak öne sürebileceği sonucu çıkarılmıştır.Bu bağlamda, bireyin diyet uyumsuzluğunu çözümlemek için; diyetisyenin diyabet konusunda bilgili ve deneyimli olması gerektiği ve diyabetli bireye standart tıbbi beslenme danışmanlığı yerine tamamen kişiye özel planladığı bir danışmanlık programı uygulaması ve cesaretlendirici - motive edici bir iletişimle danışmanlık ve eğitim yaparak,diyabetli bireyin diyabetin iyi yönetilmesi konusundaki temel sorumluluklarını ve önemini anlatması,bireyin özbakım gücünün geliştirilmesi ve böylece diyete uyumunu sağlamaya çalışması gerektiği önerisi geliştirilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler; Tip 2 Diyabet; Tıbbı Beslenme Tedavisi; Diyabette Problem Alanları; Akdeniz Diyeti Bağlılık
This cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2023 and June 2023 in Ege University Faculty of Medicine Hospital Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Outpatient Clinic to determine the level of adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in individuals aged 18-65 years who were diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Melltitus( Type 2 DM) at least one year ago, to determine the level of Problem Areas related to the disease, and to evaluate the relationship between the degree of problems they experience with the disease and their adherence to medical nutrition therapy (MNT). Participants aged between 18-65 years and diagnosed with Type 2 DM at least one year ago, who volunteered and did not meet the exclusion criteria were included in the study. The data of the study (Individual introduction form, Diabetes Problem Areas Scale (DPAS), Mediterranean Diet Adherence Scale (MEDAS)) were filled by the researcher in the outpatient clinic by face-to-face interview method. Weight was measured with a scale in the outpatient clinic, height was measured with a wall-mounted height meter and waist circumference was measured with a non-flexible tape measure and recorded on the individual identification form by the researcher. While the level of adherence to the Mediterranean Diet was the dependent variable, the level of Problem Areas in Diabetes was the main independent variable; the socio-demographic characteristics of the individual, height, weight, waist circumference, physical activity status, alcohol consumption status, diabetes age, development of complications related to diabetes and the presence of other chronic diseases other than diabetes were the at independent variables. Level of Problem Areas Related to the Disease in Diabetes was determined with the DPAS and compliance with MNT was determined with the MEDAS. The mean age of the participants was 55.84 ± 8.54 years and 61.1% were female. 48.2% were obese and approximately half of them had Type 2 DM for 10 years or more. The mean scores of the participants were 34.38 ± 17.80 on the DPAS and 9.44 ± 2.04 on the MEDAS. It was found that 72.8% of the participants were in strict compliance with the Mediterranean diet and there was no statistically significant relationship between the scores of the Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale and the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Scale (r= -0.015; p= 0.809). Participants' age, gender, working in the health field, and developing chronic complications were found to have a significant effect on the scores of the DPAS, and age and regular physical activity were found to have a significant effect on the scores of the MEDAS (p<0.05). As a result of the study, no significant relationship was found between the degree of problems experienced by individuals with Type 2 DM and their adherence to medical nutrition therapy. Although the individual with Type 2 DM claims that diabetes itself causes problems in compliance with diet therapy, it has been developed and suggested that the dietitian can motivate the individual with Type 2 DM during nutrition therapy discussions and consequently help to strengthen the dietary compliance of individuals with Type 2 DM. Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes; Medical Nutrition Therapy; Problem Areas in Diabetes; Mediterranean Diet Adherence
This cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2023 and June 2023 in Ege University Faculty of Medicine Hospital Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Outpatient Clinic to determine the level of adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in individuals aged 18-65 years who were diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Melltitus( Type 2 DM) at least one year ago, to determine the level of Problem Areas related to the disease, and to evaluate the relationship between the degree of problems they experience with the disease and their adherence to medical nutrition therapy (MNT). Participants aged between 18-65 years and diagnosed with Type 2 DM at least one year ago, who volunteered and did not meet the exclusion criteria were included in the study. The data of the study (Individual introduction form, Diabetes Problem Areas Scale (DPAS), Mediterranean Diet Adherence Scale (MEDAS)) were filled by the researcher in the outpatient clinic by face-to-face interview method. Weight was measured with a scale in the outpatient clinic, height was measured with a wall-mounted height meter and waist circumference was measured with a non-flexible tape measure and recorded on the individual identification form by the researcher. While the level of adherence to the Mediterranean Diet was the dependent variable, the level of Problem Areas in Diabetes was the main independent variable; the socio-demographic characteristics of the individual, height, weight, waist circumference, physical activity status, alcohol consumption status, diabetes age, development of complications related to diabetes and the presence of other chronic diseases other than diabetes were the at independent variables. Level of Problem Areas Related to the Disease in Diabetes was determined with the DPAS and compliance with MNT was determined with the MEDAS. The mean age of the participants was 55.84 ± 8.54 years and 61.1% were female. 48.2% were obese and approximately half of them had Type 2 DM for 10 years or more. The mean scores of the participants were 34.38 ± 17.80 on the DPAS and 9.44 ± 2.04 on the MEDAS. It was found that 72.8% of the participants were in strict compliance with the Mediterranean diet and there was no statistically significant relationship between the scores of the Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale and the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Scale (r= -0.015; p= 0.809). Participants' age, gender, working in the health field, and developing chronic complications were found to have a significant effect on the scores of the DPAS, and age and regular physical activity were found to have a significant effect on the scores of the MEDAS (p<0.05). As a result of the study, no significant relationship was found between the degree of problems experienced by individuals with Type 2 DM and their adherence to medical nutrition therapy. Although the individual with Type 2 DM claims that diabetes itself causes problems in compliance with diet therapy, it has been developed and suggested that the dietitian can motivate the individual with Type 2 DM during nutrition therapy discussions and consequently help to strengthen the dietary compliance of individuals with Type 2 DM. Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes; Medical Nutrition Therapy; Problem Areas in Diabetes; Mediterranean Diet Adherence
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Beslenme ve Diyetetik, Nutrition and Dietetics
