İnsan modeli olarak immün sistemi baskılanmış sıçanlarda Cyclospora sp. enfeksiyonu
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Tarih
2000
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Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
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Özet
66 ÖZET İnsan modeli olarak immün sistemi baskılanmış deney grubundaki toplam 46 sıçandan 15 tanesinde (%32.61) Cyclospora sp. saptanmış olup, 36 sıçandan oluşan ve 8 hafta immün supresyon uygulanan Deney-1 grubunda 11 sıçanda (%30.55) Cyclospora pozitif iken, 10 sıçandan oluşan ve 12 hafta immün supresyon uygulanan Deney-2 grubunda ise 4 sıçan (%40) pozitif olarak saptanmıştır. İmmün supresyon yapılmayan kontrol grubundaki sıçanlarda ise Cyclospora sp. ookistlerine rastlanılmamış olması nedeniyle, immün sistemi baskılanmış olgularda Cyclospora enfeksiyonuna daha sık oranda rastlanılabileceği kanısına varılmıştır. Kontrol grubu, Deney-1 ve Deney-2 grupları Cyclospora yönünden karşılaştırıldığı zaman aralarında anlamlı derecede fark bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Cyclosporiasis tanısında kullanılan yöntemlerden otofluoresan özelliği %100 olarak kabul edilirse, nativ-lugol inceleme ile 5 sıçanda (%33.33), Kinyoun karbol-fuksin boyama yöntemi ile 9 sıçanda (%60), modifıye Ziehl-Neelsen boyama yöntemi ile 11 sıçanda (%73.33), modifıye safranin boyama yöntemi ile 13 sıçanda (%86.66), sporulasyon yöntemi ile 5 sıçanda (%33.33) pozitiflik saptanmıştır. Modifiye safranin boyama yöntemi ile boyanan ookistlerin aynı tipte ve homojen olarak boyanması nedeniyle, diğer asit-fast boyama yöntemlerinden daha iyi olduğu gözlenmiştir. Cyclospora pozitif dışkılara uygulanan fenol-auramine boyama yöntemi ile ookistlerin hem dış cidarının, hem iç yapısının daha parlak, belirgin fluoresan vermesi nedeniyle bu boyama yönteminden tanıda yararlanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. İmmün supresyon yapılan deney grubundaki toplam 46 sıçandan; 9 tanesinde (%19.56) Cryptosporidium muris, 2367 tanesinde (%50) Giardia muris, 4 tanesinde (%8.69) Entamoeba histolytica, 6 tanesinde (%13.04) Entamoeba coli, 11 tanesinde (%23.91) Hymenolepis fraterna saptanmışken, 8 hafta immün supresyon uygulanan Deney-1 grubundaki 36 sıçandan; 7 tanesinde (%19.44) Cryptosporidium muris, 17 tanesinde (%47.22) Giardia muris, 3 tanesinde (%8.33) Entamoeba histolytica, 4 tanesinde (% 11.11) Entamoeba coli, 8 tanesinde (%22.22) Hymenolepis fraterna saptanmış olup, 12 hafta immün supresyon uygulanan Deney-2 grubundaki 10 sıçanın ise; 2 tanesinde (%20) Cryptosporidium muris, 6 tanesinde (%60) Giardia muris, 1 tanesinde (%10) Entamoeba histolytica, 2 tanesinde (%20) Entamoeba coli, 3 tanesinde (%30) Hymenolepis fraterna saptanmıştır. İmmün supresyon yapılmayan kontrol grubundaki 50 sıçandan; 1 tanesinde (%2) Cryptosporidium muris, 18 tanesinde (%36) Giardia muris, 2 tanesinde (%4) Entamoeba histolytica, 5 tanesinde (%10) Entamoeba coli, 5 tanesinde (%10) Hymenolepis fraterna saptanmıştır. Kontrol grubu, Deney-1 ve Deney-2 grupları Cryptosporidium yönünden karşılaştırıldığı zaman, aralarında anlamlı derecede fark bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Diğer parazitlerde ise anlamlı derecede fark bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Cyclospora sp.'nin birlikte bulunduğu diğer parazitler incelendiğinde, Cyclospora pozitif saptanan 15 sıçanın; 6 tanesinde (%40) Cryptosporidium muris, 1 1 tanesinde (%73.33) Giardia muris, 2 tanesinde (%13.33) Entamoeba histolytica, 3 tanesinde (%20) Entamoeba coli, 6 tanesinde (%40) Hymenolepis fraterna saptanmıştır. İmmün sistemi baskılanmış kişilerde görülen ishal olgularında Cyclospora saptanma oranının daha fazla olabileceği, Cyclosporiasis tanısında otofluoresan özelliği, asit-fast boyama yöntemleri ve fenol- auramine boyama yönteminden yararlanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır
68 SUMMARY In this study, two experiment groups including total 46 rats were immunsuppressed according to human immunsuppression model previously decsribed by literature. Positive stool samples for Cyclospora sp. were found in 1 1 of 36 rats (%30.35) in Group 1 immunsuppressed for 8 weeks and 4 of 10 rats (%40) in Group 2 immunsuppressed for 12 weeks. In control group, Cyclospora sp. oocycts were not found. Therefore, It was suggested that it is more likely to be found Cyclosporiasis in immunsuppressed patients. Statistically significant differences were found between control group, group 1 and group 2 (p<0.05). If autofluorescence method for identification of Cyclospora sp. was accepted %100, 5 rats (%33.33) by native-lugol examination, 9 rats (%60) by Kinyoun carbol-fuchsin technique, 11 rats (%73.33) by modified Ziehl- Neelsen staining method, 13 rats (% 86.66) by modified safranin method and 5 rats (%33.33) by sporulation method had positivity for Cyclospora sp. It was established that modified safranin method was better than other acid-fast staining techniques because oocycts were homogenously stained by this technique. By phenol-auramine staining technique, oocsysts in cyclospora- positive stool samples were stained well and both the external wall and internal structure of oocyst fluoresced brightly. Therefore, it was concluded that this staining technique may be useful for diagnosis of Cyclospora sp. Of immunsuppressed total 46 rats, 9 (%19.56) had Cryptosporidium muris; 23 (%50) had Giardia muris; 4 (%8.69) had Entamoeba histolytica; 6 (%13.04) had Entamoeba coli and 11 (%23.91) had Hymenolepis fraterna. In Group 1, of 36 rats, 7 (% 19.44) had69 Cryptosporidium muris, 17 (%47.22) had Giardia muris; 3 (%8.33) had Entamoeba histolytica; 4 (%11.11) had Entamoeba coli and 8 (%22.22) had Hymenolepis fraterna, whereas in Group 2, of 10 rats, 2 (%20) had Crytosporidium muris, 6 (%60) had Giardia muris; 1 (%10) had Entamoeba histolytica; 2 (%20) had Entamoeba coli and 3 (%30) had Hymenolepis fraterna. In immunocompetent control group, of 50 rats, 1(%2) had Crytosporidium muris, 18 (%36) had Giardia muris; 2 (%4) had Entamoeba histolytica; 5 (%10) had Entamoeba coli and 5 (%10) had Hymenolepis fraterna. There were statistically significant differences for Cryptosporidium positivity between control group, group 1 and group 2 (p<0.05) whereas there were no significant differences for other parasites between all groups (p>0.05). When Cyclospora positive 15 rats were examined for coexisting with other parasites, 6 (%40) had Crytosporidium muris, 1 1 (%73.33) had Giardia muris; 2 (%13.33) had Entamoeba histolytica; 3 (%20) had Entamoeba coli and 6 (%40) had Hymenolepis fraterna. We concluded that it may be more likely to be identified Cyclospora sp. in diarrheal illness observed in immunsuppressed patients and using autofluorescence, acid-fast staining tecniques and phenol-auramine
68 SUMMARY In this study, two experiment groups including total 46 rats were immunsuppressed according to human immunsuppression model previously decsribed by literature. Positive stool samples for Cyclospora sp. were found in 1 1 of 36 rats (%30.35) in Group 1 immunsuppressed for 8 weeks and 4 of 10 rats (%40) in Group 2 immunsuppressed for 12 weeks. In control group, Cyclospora sp. oocycts were not found. Therefore, It was suggested that it is more likely to be found Cyclosporiasis in immunsuppressed patients. Statistically significant differences were found between control group, group 1 and group 2 (p<0.05). If autofluorescence method for identification of Cyclospora sp. was accepted %100, 5 rats (%33.33) by native-lugol examination, 9 rats (%60) by Kinyoun carbol-fuchsin technique, 11 rats (%73.33) by modified Ziehl- Neelsen staining method, 13 rats (% 86.66) by modified safranin method and 5 rats (%33.33) by sporulation method had positivity for Cyclospora sp. It was established that modified safranin method was better than other acid-fast staining techniques because oocycts were homogenously stained by this technique. By phenol-auramine staining technique, oocsysts in cyclospora- positive stool samples were stained well and both the external wall and internal structure of oocyst fluoresced brightly. Therefore, it was concluded that this staining technique may be useful for diagnosis of Cyclospora sp. Of immunsuppressed total 46 rats, 9 (%19.56) had Cryptosporidium muris; 23 (%50) had Giardia muris; 4 (%8.69) had Entamoeba histolytica; 6 (%13.04) had Entamoeba coli and 11 (%23.91) had Hymenolepis fraterna. In Group 1, of 36 rats, 7 (% 19.44) had69 Cryptosporidium muris, 17 (%47.22) had Giardia muris; 3 (%8.33) had Entamoeba histolytica; 4 (%11.11) had Entamoeba coli and 8 (%22.22) had Hymenolepis fraterna, whereas in Group 2, of 10 rats, 2 (%20) had Crytosporidium muris, 6 (%60) had Giardia muris; 1 (%10) had Entamoeba histolytica; 2 (%20) had Entamoeba coli and 3 (%30) had Hymenolepis fraterna. In immunocompetent control group, of 50 rats, 1(%2) had Crytosporidium muris, 18 (%36) had Giardia muris; 2 (%4) had Entamoeba histolytica; 5 (%10) had Entamoeba coli and 5 (%10) had Hymenolepis fraterna. There were statistically significant differences for Cryptosporidium positivity between control group, group 1 and group 2 (p<0.05) whereas there were no significant differences for other parasites between all groups (p>0.05). When Cyclospora positive 15 rats were examined for coexisting with other parasites, 6 (%40) had Crytosporidium muris, 1 1 (%73.33) had Giardia muris; 2 (%13.33) had Entamoeba histolytica; 3 (%20) had Entamoeba coli and 6 (%40) had Hymenolepis fraterna. We concluded that it may be more likely to be identified Cyclospora sp. in diarrheal illness observed in immunsuppressed patients and using autofluorescence, acid-fast staining tecniques and phenol-auramine
Açıklama
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Anahtar Kelimeler
Klinik Bakteriyoloji ve Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları, Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Cyclospora sp., Cyclospora sp., Siklosporinler, Cyclosporins, İmmün sistem, Immune system
