TCPP (fosforlu alev geciktirici)'nin Daphnia magna toksisite testleri ile ekotoksikolojik açıdan değerlendirilmesi
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Tarih
2018
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu projede, Tris (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP) isimli fosforlu alev geciktirici maddenin, Daphnia magna toksisite testleri ile, ayrıca biyokimyasal açıdan da toksisitede biyomarkır olarak kullanılan total protein miktarı ve enzim (GST, AChE) aktivite değişimlerini tespit etmek suretiyle ekotoksikolojik risk değerlendirilmesinin yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Akut toksisite testleri standart Daphnia sp. immobilizasyon testi protokolüne (OECD, 2004; Test No 202) uygun olarak, statik sistem esas alınarak yapılmıştır. Kronik toksisite testleri de standart D. magna üreme testi protokolüne (OECD, 2012; Test No 211) uygun olarak, yarı-statik sistem esas alınarak yapılmıştır. AChE enzim aktivitesi Ellman yöntemine (1961), GST enzim aktivitesi Habig (1974)'e ve total protein miktarı da Bradford (1976)'e göre tayin edilmiştir. TCPP'nin D. magna üzerinde 48 saat EC50 değeri 23,031 µl/l olarak bulunmuştur. Akut toksisite testi sonunda, birey başına düşen total protein miktarları, kontrol grubuna göre istatististiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde artmıştır. En yüksek konsantrayon grubunda, AChE aktivitesinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı azalma, GST aktivitesinde ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı artış tesbit edilmiştir. Kronik toksisite testi sonucunda, ebeveyn başına ortalama yavru sayılarında en yüksek iki konsantrasyon grubunda (0,3 ve 0,9 µl /l) istatistiksel olarak anlamlı artış belirlenmiştir. Ebeveyn başına ortalama yavru sayıları dikkate alındığında, NOEC ve LOEC değerleri sırasıyla 0,1 ve 0,3 µl/l olarak bulunmuştur. Genel olarak uygulama grubu bireylerinde boy uzunlukları açısından da kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı artış gözlenmiştir. Total protein miktarı ve AChE aktivitesi bakımından kronik toksisite testlerinde uygulama ve kontrol grupları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık gözlenmemiştir. GST aktivitesi bakımından ise kontrol grubuna göre bir artış görülmesine rağmen, bu aktivite artışı sadece 0,01; 0,1 ve 0,3 µl/l konsantrasyon gruplarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır.
In this project, it is aimed to carry out ecotoxicological risk assessment of a phosphorous flame retardant substance named as Tris (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP) both with Daphnia magna toxicity tests and by determining total protein content and enzyme (AChE and GST) activities used as biomarker in biochemical toxicity. Acute toxicity tests have been performed in accordance with the standard Daphnia sp. immobilization test protocol (OECD, 2004; Test Guideline 202), by using static system. Chronic toxicity tests have also been performed in accordance with the standard D. magna reproduction test protocol (OECD, 2012; Test Guideline 211), by using semi-static renewal system. AChE and GST enzyme activities, and total protein content have been determined according to Ellman's method (1961), Habig (1974) and Bradford (1976), respectively. 48 h EC50 value of TCPP on D. magna were 23,031 µl/l. At the end of the acute toxicity test, the total protein content per Daphnia magna was statistically significantly higher than control group. In the highest concentration group, a statistically significant decrease in AChE activity and a statistically significant increase in GST activity were observed. As a result of the chronic toxicity test, a statistically significant increase in the mean number of offspring per parent in the two highest concentration groups (0.3 and 0.9 μl/l) was determined. When the average number of offspring per parent was taken into account, the NOEC and LOEC values were found to be 0.1 and 0.3 μL / l, respectively. Generally, there were a statistically significant increases in height lengths of the individuals in the application group according to the control group. There was no statistically significant difference between the test and control groups in the total protein content and AChE activity in chronic toxicity tests. Although there was a slight increase in GST activity compared to the control group, this increase in activity was statistically significant only at concentrations of 0.01, 0.1 and 0.3 μl / l.
In this project, it is aimed to carry out ecotoxicological risk assessment of a phosphorous flame retardant substance named as Tris (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP) both with Daphnia magna toxicity tests and by determining total protein content and enzyme (AChE and GST) activities used as biomarker in biochemical toxicity. Acute toxicity tests have been performed in accordance with the standard Daphnia sp. immobilization test protocol (OECD, 2004; Test Guideline 202), by using static system. Chronic toxicity tests have also been performed in accordance with the standard D. magna reproduction test protocol (OECD, 2012; Test Guideline 211), by using semi-static renewal system. AChE and GST enzyme activities, and total protein content have been determined according to Ellman's method (1961), Habig (1974) and Bradford (1976), respectively. 48 h EC50 value of TCPP on D. magna were 23,031 µl/l. At the end of the acute toxicity test, the total protein content per Daphnia magna was statistically significantly higher than control group. In the highest concentration group, a statistically significant decrease in AChE activity and a statistically significant increase in GST activity were observed. As a result of the chronic toxicity test, a statistically significant increase in the mean number of offspring per parent in the two highest concentration groups (0.3 and 0.9 μl/l) was determined. When the average number of offspring per parent was taken into account, the NOEC and LOEC values were found to be 0.1 and 0.3 μL / l, respectively. Generally, there were a statistically significant increases in height lengths of the individuals in the application group according to the control group. There was no statistically significant difference between the test and control groups in the total protein content and AChE activity in chronic toxicity tests. Although there was a slight increase in GST activity compared to the control group, this increase in activity was statistically significant only at concentrations of 0.01, 0.1 and 0.3 μl / l.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
TCPP, Daphnia Magna, Akut Toksisite, Kronik Toksisite, GST, Ache, Total Protein Miktarı, Acute Toxicity, Chronic Toxicity, Total Protein Content
