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    Acute acetaminophen nephrotoxicity and urinary gamma-glutamyl transferase activity in rats
    (Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 1997) Kocaoglu Ş.; Karan A.; Berkan T.; Başdemir G.
    In order to determine the relationship between the nephrotoxicity of acetaminophen and urinary gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) excretion, a single dose of 900 mg/kg acetaminophen (APAP) was administered to rats intraperitoneally. Following drug administration, 24 hour urine was collected and the kidneys were removed under ether anesthesia for histological examination. GGT activity measurements and quantitative analysis for creatinine was carried out on urine samples. Urinary GGT activity in the APAP administered group (n=12) (1.8 ± 0.21 U/mg creatinine) was significantly higher than in the control group (n=16) (0.77 ± 0.05 U/mg creatinine) (p<0.0002). Histological examination of the kidneys under light microscopy showed only very slight tissue damage. Further use of urinary GGT activity measurements in experimental nephrotoxicity studies has been suggested.
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    Urinary gamma-glutamyl transferase activity in rats with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced nephrotoxicity
    (1997) Kocaoglu Ş.; Karan A.; Berkan T.; Başdemir G.; Akpinar R.
    Excretion of urinary gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) was studied in rats following p.o. application of high doses (10 mg/kg/day) of indomethacin, diclofenac sodium or piroxicam for 28 days. Measurements of 24 h urinary GGT activity and urinary creatinine were carried out on 29th day. Histological examinations of kidneys were performed on day 29. The mean value for urinary GGT was found to be 0.77 ± 0.05 U/mg creatinine (n = 16) in the control group. The mean activities in the treated groups were as follows: 1.30 ± 0.15 U/mg creatinine (n = 17, indomethacin); 1.22 ± 0.25 U/mg creatinine (n = 4, diclofenac); 1.54 ± 0.39 U/mg creatinine (n = 5, piroxicam). The mean enzyme activities in indomethacin and piroxicam treated groups were significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.02 and p < 0.03, respectively), while no significant difference has been found between the group treated with diclofenac and control group (p > 0.05). Histological examinations of renal tissues of indomethacin, piroxicam and diclofenac treated groups showed minimal glomerular abnormalities. Thus, determination of urinary GGT may be useful to investigate the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) related renal toxicity in rats.