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Öğe The determination of N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) and N-glycolyl-neuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) types of sialic acids in hematopoietic organ of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) [İpekböcegi, Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)'nin hematopoietik organi{dotless}nda N-asetilneuraminik asit (Neu5Ac) ve N-glikolilneuraminik asit (Neu5Gc) tip sialik asitlerinin belirlenmesi](2012) Izzetoglu S.; Karaçali S.In insects, for a long time, it was generally accepted that members of insect do not have sialic acids which are typical terminal glycans of cells surface glycolipids and glycoproteins, and thus especially important in cell interactions and signaling events. Here, it was reported the occurrence of sialic acid known the most common in all organisms (Neu5Ac and Neu5Gc) in hematopoietic organ of larvae of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Histochemical and cytochemical analysis of hematopeietic organ sections with the FITC- and Gold-conjugated lectins (Limulus polyphemus, LPA) showed the presence of sialic acids in hematopoietic organ. The results provide further evidence for the existence of sialic acids in insects.Öğe Evaluation of pyrethroid susceptibility in culex pipiens of Northern Izmir Province, Turkey(Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 2018) Guntay O.; Yikilmaz M.S.; Ozaydin H.; Izzetoglu S.; Suner A.Background: Mosquitoes, being a nuisance species, are considered as one of the most important species in public health control programs due to their role as a vector in mosquito-borne diseases observed in humans and animals. We evaluated the susceptibility status of Culex pipiens collected from northern Izmir, Turkey in 2011-16. Methods: Mosquito larvae, collected from three different locations in northern İzmir, were reared in the laboratory. Adult susceptibility bioassays were performed using the WHO insecticide-impregnated papers including deltamethrin 0.05%, permethrin 0.75%, ?-cypermethrin 0.05% and cyfluthrin 0.15%. In addition, adult bioassays were performed after the pre-exposure to piperonyl butoxide (PBO) to determine the contribution of P450 detoxification enzymes to the phenotypic resistance. Results: In all of the three populations, high levels of resistance were observed (mortalities<63%) to all of the four pyrethroids. Different pyrethroids but with the same mode of action can exhibit significantly different phenotypic resistance in a single population. PBO bioassays also showed that P450 detoxification enzymes can have diverse effects on different pyrethroids. Conclusion: Using just one chemical in a class of insecticide can be misleading for resistance studies. © 2018 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.Öğe A new approach for classification of major larval hemocytes (prohemocytes, plasmatocytes and granulocytes) in the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) by acridine orange staining(2012) Izzetoglu S.Larval hemocytes of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella L. 1758 (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), were classified by fluorescence microscopy staining with acridine orange. Based on their fluorescence characteristics, plasmatocytes and prohemocytes could be easily distinguished from granulocytes because they appear faint green and do not contain any fluorescent granules in their cytoplasm. Nuclei of granulocytes emit bright green fluorescence when observed under fluorescence microscope. Prohemocytes are round and their nuclei are bright. Plasmatocytes are irregularly shaped. Therefore, all three types of the wax moth's major hemocytes that are difficult to identify by bright field or phase contrast microscopy can be easily classified by fluorescence microscopy with staining acridine orange. Furthermore, this technique will assist further studies to understand how hemocyte differentiation and regeneration proceeds in larval hematopoietic organs and during hemocyte transformation. The fluorescent method for hemocyte classification is more precise than the common method of hemocyte identification using bright field or phase contrast microscopy.Öğe A novel site for hematopoietic organ in Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) [Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)'de yeni hematopoietik organ](2010) Izzetoglu S.; Karaçali S.A novel site for hematopoietic organ closely associated with the dorsal vessel (HPO-DV) in the fifth-final larvae of Bombyx mori L. was described. HPO-DV is composed of several lobes located very close to the dorsal vessel in the thorax and in the abdominal segments of the larvae. The anterior lobes contain big secretory cells. Loose hemocyte clusters among the secretory cells were observed particularly in the posterior lobes. When the HPO-DV was cultured in the absence of hemolymph; prohemocytes, plasmatocytes, and granulocytes were released from the hematopoietic organ. Cultured hemocytes from two sources, released from HPO-DV and circulating in the hemolymph, were compared under inverted microscope. They remained the suspended in culture medium. Conversely, the cells in the hemolymph immediately adhered on the flask. This different behavior of the cells obtained from different sources implies that the cells produced from the HPO-DV probably continue to differentiate in the hemocoel.