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Öğe Combined apexification and orthodontic extrusion of a hypoplastic permanent canine(2007) Cogulu D.; Han B.; Yetkiner E.; Ertugrul F.Localized infection in the primary teeth was reported as an etiological factor in the formation of a hypoplastic defect in the underlying permanent teeth. The purpose of this report is to present the case of a 10-year-old girl with an unusual local hypoplasia in the mandibular left permanent canine and emphasize the importance of multidisciplinary management, including combined apexification and orthodontic extrusion. The 12-month recall examination revealed no pathology associated with the rehabilitation, and the patient's esthetic and functional expectations were satisfied.Öğe Differential expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-?B ligand and osteoprotegerin mRNA in periodontal diseases(2007) Bostanci N.; Ilgenli T.; Emingil G.; Afacan B.; Han B.; Töz H.; Berdeli A.; Atilla G.; McKay I.J.; Hughes F.J.; Belibasakis G.N.Background and Objective: Receptor activator of nuclear factor-?B ligand (RANKL) is responsible for the induction of osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption, whereas its decoy receptor, osteoprotegerin, can directly block this action. Because this dyad of cytokines is crucial for regulating the bone remodelling process, imbalances in their expression may cause a switch from the physiological state to enhanced bone resorption or formation. This study investigated the mRNA expression of RANKL and osteoprotegerin, as well as their relative ratio, in the gingival tissues of patients with various forms of periodontal diseases. Material and Methods: Gingival tissue was obtained from nine healthy subjects and 41 patients, who had gingivitis, chronic periodontitis, generalized aggressive periodontitis, and chronic periodontitis and were receiving immunosuppressant therapy. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was employed to evaluate the mRNA expression of RANKL and osteoprotegerin in these tissues. Results: Compared with healthy individuals, patients in all periodontitis groups, but not those with gingivitis, exhibited stronger RANKL expression and a higher relative RANKL/osteoprotegerin ratio. In addition, osteoprotegerin expression was weaker in patients with chronic periodontitis. When patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontitis were compared, the former exhibited stronger RANKL expression, whereas the latter exhibited weaker osteoprotegerin expression, and there was no difference in their relative ratio. When chronic periodontitis patients were compared with chronic periodontitis patients receiving immunosuppressant therapy, osteoprotegerin, but not RANKL, expression was stronger in the latter. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that RANKL and osteoprotegerin expression are differentially regulated in various forms of periodontitis, and the relative RANKL/osteoprotegerin ratio appears to be indicative of disease occurrence. This information may confer diagnostic and therapeutic value in periodontitis. © 2007 Blackwell Munksgaard.Öğe Gingival crevicular fluid interleukin-36ß (-1F8), interleukin-36? (-1F9) and interleukin-33 (-1F11) levels in different periodontal disease(Elsevier Ltd, 2014) Kurşunlu S.F.; Öztürk V.Ö.; Han B.; Atmaca H.; Emingil G.Background Periodontal inflammation is driven by the coordinated action of a number of factors, including the IL-1 family. Our study aimed to examine the levels of interleukin (IL)-36ß, IL-36? and IL-33 levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from patients with different periodontal diseases. Materials and methods A total of 80 subjects, 20 patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (G-AgP), 20 patients with chronic periodontitis (CP), 20 with gingivitis and 20 periodontally healthy subjects were included. Periodontal status was evaluated by measuring probing depth, clinical attachment loss, papillary bleeding index and plaque index. GCF cytokine levels were analysed by ELISA. Results CP, gingivitis and healthy groups had similar GCF IL-36ß total amount (p > 0.008). G-AgP group had elevated IL-36ß total amount compared to CP group (p < 0.008). G-AgP group had similar GCF IL-36ß total amount to gingivitis and healthy groups (p > 0.008). GCF IL-36? and IL-33 total amounts of the study groups were similar (p > 0.05). Conclusions The present study demonstrated for the first time the presence of IL-36ß, IL-36? and IL-33 GCF levels with different periodontal diseases. High levels of IL-36-ß in the AgP group in comparison to CP group might suggest that periodontitis in the aggressive form could be related to the increase in GCF IL-36ß. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.Öğe Gingival crevicular fluid levels of RANKL and OPG in periodontal diseases: Implications of their relative ratio(2007) Bostanci N.; Ilgenli T.; Emingil G.; Afacan B.; Han B.; Töz H.; Atilla G.; Hughes F.J.; Belibasakis G.N.Aim: Receptor activator of NF-?B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) are a system of molecules that regulate bone resorption. This study aims to compare the levels of RANKL, OPG and their relative ratio in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of healthy and periodontal disease subjects. Material and Methods: GCF was obtained from healthy (n = 21), gingivitis (n = 22), chronic periodontitis (n = 28), generalized aggressive periodontitis (n = 25) and chronic periodontitis subjects under immunosuppressant therapy (n = 11). RANKL and OPG concentrations in GCF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results: RANKL levels were low in health and gingivitis groups, but increased in all three forms of periodontitis. OPG levels were higher in health than all three periodontitis, or gingivitis groups. There were no differences in RANKL and OPG levels between chronic and generalized aggressive periodontitis groups, whereas these were lower in the immunosuppressed chronic periodontitis group. The RANKL/OPG ratio was significantly elevated in all three periodontitis forms, compared with health or gingivitis, and positively correlated to probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level. Conclusion: GCF RANKL and OPG levels were oppositely regulated in periodontitis, but not gingivitis, resulting in an enhanced RANKL/OPG ratio. This ratio was similar in all three periodontitis groups and may therefore predict disease occurrence. © 2007 Blackwell Munksgaard.Öğe Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 and tissue inhibitor of MMP-1 (TIMP-1) gene polymorphisms in generalized aggressive periodontitis: Gingival crevicular fluid MMP-8 and TIMP-1 levels and outcome of periodontal therapy(American Academy of Periodontology, 2014) Emingil G.; Han B.; Gürkan A.; Berdeli A.; Tervahartiala T.; Salo T.; Pussinen P.J.; Köse T.; Atilla G.; Sorsa T.Background: The aim of the present study is to investigate matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 and tissue inhibitor of MMP-1 (TIMP-1) gene polymorphisms in generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) and to assess the effects of MMP-8 and TIMP-1 genotypes on the outcomes of non-surgical periodontal therapy. Methods: Genomic DNA was obtained from peripheral blood of 100 patients with GAgP and 167 periodontally healthy controls. MMP-8 +17 C/G, -799 C/T, -381 A/G and TIMP-1 372 T/C, *429 T/G polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Patients with GAgP received non-surgical periodontal therapy and were followed for 6 months. Clinical periodontal parameters and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected at baseline and at follow-up visits. GCF biomarkers were analyzed by immunofluorescence assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Distribution of the MMP-8-799 C/T genotypes was significantly different between the GAgP and control groups (P <0.005). TIMP-1 372 T/C and *429 T/G genotypes in males were also significantly different between study groups (P <0.004). GCF MMP-8 levels decreased until 3 months after non-surgical therapy compared with baseline in T and G alleles, as well as G and C allele carriers (P <0.0125), whereas no significant decreased was observed in non-carriers (P >0.0125). Conclusion: On the basis of the present findings, it can be suggested that MMP-8-799 C/T and TIMP-1 372 T/C, *429 T/G gene polymorphisms in males may be associated with the susceptibility to GAgP in the Turkish population.Öğe Tumor necrosis factor-?-converting enzyme (TACE) levels in periodontal diseases(2008) Bostanci N.; Emingil G.; Afacan B.; Han B.; Ilgenli T.; Atilla G.; Hughes F.J.; Belibasakis G.N.Tumor necrosis factor-?-converting enzyme (TACE) is a metalloprotease which can shed several cytokines from the cell membrane, including receptor activator of NF-?B ligand (RANKL). This study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that TACE would be elevated in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of persons with periodontitis. Total TACE amounts in GCF were higher in persons with chronic and aggressive periodontitis than in those with gingivitis or in healthy persons. TACE concentrations in GCF were higher in persons with chronic and aggressive periodontitis than in those with gingivitis, although not significantly higher than in healthy persons. Persons with chronic periodontitis receiving immunosuppressive treatment exhibited over 10-fold lower TACE levels than the other periodontitis groups. TACE was positively correlated with probing pocket depth, clinical attachment levels, and RANKL concentrations in GCF. In conclusion, the increased GCF TACE levels in persons with periodontitis and their positive correlation with RANKL may indicate an association of this enzyme with alveolar bone loss, and may warrant special attention in future therapeutic approaches.
