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    In vitro release kinetics of pine bark extract enriched orange juice and the shelf stability
    (2010) Celiktas O.Y.; Isleten M.; Vardar-Sukan F.; Cetin E.O.
    Purpose: This paper seeks to demonstrate a functional beverage incorporating pine bark which is an unutilized forestry waste, determine in vitro release kinetics of enriched beverages, and antioxidant activities, besides assessing their shelf stabilities. Design/methodology/approach: Orange juice was enriched with Pinus brutia, Pinus pinea bark extracts, Pycnogenol ® . In vitro release kinetics was determined in pH 1.2 and pH 7.4. Ascorbic acid content, pH, titratable acidity, and colorimetric analyses were analyzed monthly for eight months to determine shelf life. Additionally, total phenol contents and radical scavenging activities were analyzed. Subsequently a consumer acceptance test was conducted among 200 participants. Findings: The release of all extracts in orange juices in pH 1.2 were slower than pH 7.4. The release results were fitted to Higuchi square root of time kinetic model with high determination coefficients. Although total titratable acidity values were in agreement with the trend of minor pH changes, prominent losses in antioxidant capacities, ascorbic acid contents and color were observed for the last two months suggesting a shelf life of six months. Female participants and young people had a greater tendency to consume such a beverage. Health concerns and flavor were the primary factors affecting their purchasing decisions. Research limitations/implications: Findings of the study demonstrated the effects of fortification with a plant-based extract as a substitute to the present practice of fortifying beverages with vitamins and minerals for a potential future market. Originality/value: The paper shows that juices fortified with pine bark extracts show higher antioxidant capacities and ascorbic acid contents compared to the control, thereby providing improved functionality. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
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    Tissue Decellularization- A Novel Modality in Recapitulation of Extracellular Matrix
    (The International Society for Technology Education and Science, 2023) Celiktas O.Y.; Arslan Y.
    The Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a highly organized three-dimensional (3D) network of proteins and biomolecules essential for all tissue types. Many biomimetic matrices have been developed using protein compositions of the ECM to emulate the native ECM of the tissue. Biomaterials composed of ECM can be prepared by processes that involve the decellularization of tissues and organs. Physical, chemical, and biological approaches are applied in combination to lyses the cells, followed by extensive washing procedures to remove cellular components. Decellularization and sterilization of the decellularized ECM (dECM) are highly effective in obtaining a biomaterial with the desired properties for the targeted clinical application. dECM-based biomaterials encompass mixtures of various biomolecules that regulate cell adhesion, proliferation, migration, and differentiation, such as glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), proteoglycans (PGs), glycoproteins, and structural proteins (i.e., collagens). Therefore, the selected decellularization and sterilization methods should have a minimal negative impact on the biochemical and morphological composition and mechanical properties of the dECM. This study presents an overview of decellularization methods and their effects on ECM structure and composition along with a PEST (political, economic, social, and technological factors) analysis that reveals the status of the dECM-based biomaterials in the market. © 2023 Published by the ISTES Organization