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Öğe Antimicrobial activity of TiO 2 -coated orthodontic ceramic brackets against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans(Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2010) Özyıldız F.; Güden M.; Uzel A.; Karaboz I.; Akil O.; Bulut H.Polycrystalline alumina ceramic orthodontic brackets were coated with anatase TiO 2 film via a sol-gel dip-coating method. The surface structure morphology and composition of the films were evaluated via scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The antimicrobial activity of the ceramic brackets was assessed against two oral pathogens, S. mutans and C. albicans. The results demonstrated that TiO 2 -coated brackets exposed to low energy UV-A illumination efficiently reduced the populations of test microorganisms relative to the uncoated brackets. The reduction efficiencies were 98% for S. mutans ATCC 10449 and 93% for C. albicans ATCC 60193. © The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering and Springer 2010.Öğe Can intra-coronally bleached teeth be bonded safely after antioxidant treatment?(2010) Uysal T.; Ertas H.; Sagsen B.; Bulut H.; Er O.; Ustdal A.The aim of this study was to compare the effects of antioxidant treatment and delayed bonding, following intra-coronal bleaching, on the shear bond strength (SBS) and bond failure site of brackets bonded to enamel. Eighty mandibular incisors were divided into four equal groups. After root canal filling, specimens in Group 1 were used as control and not bleached. For experimental groups 2 to 4, bleaching agent was placed into the rest of the cavity for a four-day period and this bleaching treatment was performed two times. In Group 2, specimens were bonded immediately after bleaching; in Group 3, specimens were bleached and then immersed in artificial saliva for 30 days before bonding; in Group 4, specimens were bleached, treated with an antioxidant agent, and then bonded. The SBS values of bonded brackets were measured in megapascal (MPa), while adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores were determined after the brackets failed. The SBS values of Group 1 (mean: 20.3±7.1 MPa) and Group 4 (mean: 18.2±6.1 MPa) were significantly higher (p>0.001) than those of Group 2 (mean: 4.9±3.2 MPa) and Group 3 (mean: 8.7±4.9 MPa). No significant differences in SBS were found between Groups 1 and 4, and between Groups 2 and 3.Öğe Cultivation of the threatened freshwater mussel unio crassus philipsson, 1788 (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in the çine creek, aydın, Turkey(Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2018) Serdar S.; Eden M.; Bulut H.The freshwater mussel Unio crassus Philipsson, 1788 is an endangered species, which is under protection in many countries. We explored opportunity for aquaculture, growth performance, survival rates and environmental preferences of U. crassus in three different groups during a period of 15 months in the Çine Creek, Aydın, Turkey. Based on our results, the maximum growth of shell length and total weight were 10.21 mm and 9.01 g, respectively, in smaller-sized groups. For all groups, there was an increase in total length in spring when the water temperature was between 17.5 and 22.5°C. However, the growth rate decreased in autumn and winter. We recorded survival rates between 96 and 97% and no significant differences among groups. This is the first study on U. crassus in the Çine Creek, which, as a result, is considered as a suitable area for effective cultivation and gaining higher survival rates for this mussel due to its suitable environmental parameters. © 2018 Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. All Rights Reserved.Öğe Does Mycoplasma sp. play role in small cell lung cancer? [4](Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2004) Pehlivan M.; Itirli G.; Onay H.; Bulut H.; Koyuncuoglu M.; Pehlivan S.[No abstract available]Öğe An efficient JSD-based search on interest-based hierarchical clustering of overlay networks(2010) Bulut H.; Yardimci A.; Demirci S.; Kaymak Y.; Fesci-Sayit M.; Tunali E.T.In P2P networks, peers share contents, especially video files, which represent their interests. However, the underlying P2P topology may not represent this interest distribution. Thus, one important aspect of constructing an efficient P2P network is to exploit the interest similarity among peers. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical clustering mechanism for constructing an overlay network that takes interest similarity among peers into account. By measuring the similarity among interests of peers and clusters, interest-based hierarchical clusters are formed by using Jensen-Shannon Divergence metric. The clustering performance metrics, accuracy and correctness, are reported on PlanetLab. For limited keyword collections, a novel Jensen-Shannon Divergence-based search mechanism is implemented. It has been observed that the integrated mechanism provides an efficient method and better performance as compared to classical keyword-based search. Copyright © IARIA, 2010.Öğe Keyword extraction from biomedical documents using deep contextualized embeddings(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021) Celikten A.; Ugur A.; Bulut H.Due to the rapidly increasing amount of biomedical publications, it has become challenging to follow scientific articles and new developments. Keywords in scientific articles provide a quick understanding and summarize the important points of the context. When keywords are not used in some biomedical articles or are not sufficient to express the content of the text, automatic keyword extraction systems are needed. This paper addresses the keyword extraction problem as a sequence labeling task where words are represented as deep contextual embeddings. We predict the keyword tags identified in sequence labeling by fine-tuning XLNET and BERT-based models such as BERT, BioBERT, SCIBERT, and RoBERTa. Our proposed method does not need extra dictionaries required by rule-based methods and feature extraction as in traditional machine learning methods. Performance evaluation on the benchmark dataset for biomedical keyword extraction shows that domain-specific contextualized embeddings (BioBERT, SciBERT) achieve state-of-the-art results compared to the general domain embeddings (BERT, RoBERTa, XLNET) and unsupervised methods. © 2021 IEEE.Öğe Multicast tree based video streaming application over Planetlab [Planetlab üzerinde çoklugönderim agaç tabanh video akislandirma uygulamasi](2011) Sayit M.; Demirci S.; Kaymak Y.; Bulut H.; Turhan Tunali E.In this paper, a video streaming system running on multicast tree for peer to peer networks is presented and dynamic tree maintenance algorithm against node failures during streaming session is proposed. The proposed algorithm is tested on nodes existing in different countries over the Internet in Planetlab. The obtained results show that proposed algorithm can be used in latency sensitive live video streaming applications running on peer to peer networks. © 2011 IEEE.Öğe Network Slicing Based Learning Techniques for IoV in 5G and Beyond Networks(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024) Hamdi W.; Ksouri C.; Bulut H.; Mosbah M.The effects of transport development on people’s lives are diverse, ranging from economy to tourism, health care, etc. Great progress has been made in this area, which has led to the emergence of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) concept. The main objective of this concept is to offer a safer and more comfortable travel experience through making available a vast array of applications, by relying on a range of communication technologies including the fifth-generation mobile networks. The proposed applications have personalized Quality of Service (QoS) requirements, which raise new challenging issues for the management and allocation of resources. Currently, this interest has been doubled with the start of the discussion of the sixth-generation mobile networks. In this context, Network Slicing (NS) was presented as one of the key technologies in the 5G architecture to address these challenges. In this article, we try to bring together the effects of NS implications in the Internet of Vehicles field and show the impact on transport development. We begin by reviewing the state of the art of NS in IoV in terms of architecture, types, life cycle, enabling technologies, network parts, and evolution within cellular networks. Then, we discuss the benefits brought by the use of NS in such a dynamic environment, along with the technical challenges. Moreover, we provide a comprehensive review of NS deploying various aspects of Learning Techniques for the Internet of Vehicles. Afterwards, we present Network Slicing utilization in different IoV application scenarios through different domains; terrestrial, aerial, and marine. In addition, we review Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) datasets as well as existing implementation tools; besides presenting a concise summary of the Network Slicing-related projects that have an impact on IoV. Finally, in order to promote the deployment of Network Slicing in IoV, we provide some directions for future research work. We believe that the survey will be useful for researchers from academia and industry. First, to acquire a holistic vision regarding IoV-based NS realization and identify the challenges hindering it. Second, to understand the progression of IoV powered NS applications in the different fields (terrestrial, aerial, and marine). Finally, to determine the opportunities for using Machine Learning Techniques (MLT), in order to propose their own solutions to foster NS-IoV integration. IEEEÖğe New initialization approaches for the k-means and particle swarm optimization based clustering algorithms [K-ortalamalar ve parçacık sürü optimizasyonu tabanlı kümeleme algoritmaları için yeni ilklendirme yaklaşımları](Gazi Universitesi Muhendislik-Mimarlik, 2018) Çınaroğlu S.; Bulut H.In this study a new risk assessment method for the evaluation of musculoskeletal disorders is proposed. “Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire” which was developed by Cornell University and widely used in the literature is adapted to fit the purpose of the study, and used as the data collection tool of the proposed method. The application of this method is conducted in a company that produces cable harnesses in the automotive supply industry and the musculoskeletal disorders of assembly line employees were identified (or diagnosed). The verification of the method was made using Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), AnyBody Modelling System (AMS) analysis and Electromyography (EMG) measurements. The results show that the proposed method can be used successfully in prioritizing the work-related musculoskeletal system disorders (MSD), taking into account the intensity of the affected person. . © 2018 Gazi Universitesi Muhendislik-Mimarlik. All Rights Reserved.Öğe A novel hybrid approach to improve neural machine translation decoding using phrase-based statistical machine translation(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021) Satir E.; Bulut H.Phrase-based models are among the best performing statistical machine translation (SMT) systems. These systems make translations phrase-by-phrase at a time. The decoding process is done locally in these systems. In addition, neural machine translation (NMT) systems have become very popular for the past four or five years with essential features such as more fluent translations. However, sometimes NMT systems give up accuracy for fluent translations due to the nature of the decoding technique they use. In this study, we aim to develop a hybrid system by guiding NMT decoding using the output sentences of the phrase-based SMT systems. According to the two-way translation experiments, German-to-English and English-to-German, and the results obtained in terms of two popular machine translation evaluation metrics: BLEU and METEOR, our method improves the quality of NMT system translations. © 2021 IEEE.Öğe Overcoming limitations of term-based partitioning for distributed RDFS reasoning(Association for Computing Machinery, 2013) Kulahcioglu T.; Bulut H.RDFS reasoning is carried out via joint terms of triples; accordingly, a distributed reasoning approach should bring together triples that have terms in common. To achieve this, term-based partitioning distributes triples to partitions based on the terms they include. However, skewed distribution of Semantic Web data results in unbalanced load distribution. A single peer should be able to handle even the largest partition, and this requirement limits scalability. This approach also suffers from data replication since a triple is sent to multiple partitions. In this paper, we propose a two-step method to overcome above limitations. Our RDFS specific term-based partitioning algorithm applies a selective distribution policy and distributes triples with minimum replication. Our schema-sensitive processing approach eliminates non-productive partitions, and enables processing of a partition regardless of its size. Resulting partitions reach full closure without repeating the global schema or without fix-point iteration as suggested by previous studies.Öğe Performance comparison of non Delay Tolerant VANET routing protocols(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2016) Basaran I.; Bulut H.As an emerging technology, Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) aim to increase safety and comfort of driving in highways and urban streets. The conventional measures taken have a positive effect on the decline of casualties and injuries incurred by the accidents. But the number of incidents in the traffic still remains stable. VANETs intend to overcome this problem by providing additional information to the driver, thus allowing him to react faster and better in adverse situations. In order to achieve this, VANETs require efficient routing protocols for message transmission among vehicles. In this paper, we explore the performances of four prominent non-delay tolerant routing protocols, namely GPSR, GPSR+AGF, GSR, and GPSRJ+. Although relatively outdated, these protocols are initial inspiration to many routing methods and commonly used as comparison benchmark when a new routing protocol is to be introduced. The evaluation metrics that are used are Packet Delivery Ratio, Average Delay, Traffic Control Overhead, and Average Hop Count. © 2016 IEEE.Öğe Performance Evaluation of Classification Algorithms Using Hyperparameter Optimization(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021) Karcioglu A.A.; Bulut H.Classification problems have an important role in the field of machine learning and data mining. Classification problems are used in different areas such as disease diagnosis, estimation of bank customers, drug studies, sentiment analysis. Many classification algorithms have been developed in the literature and these algorithms have many different parameter inputs. In this study, it is aimed to increase the classification success by using hyperparameter optimization algorithms. K-nearest neighbor, support vector machines, decision tree and gradient boosting classification algorithms were applied to the frequently used 'heart and iris' datasets in the literature. Grid search and random search algorithms, which are hyperparameter optimization algorithms, are applied to these selected classification algorithms. As a result of the experimental studies, it has been observed that the accuracy of all classification algorithms increases when hyperparameter optimization algorithms are applied. The parameter values that give the best results are shown. © 2021 IEEEÖğe Tensile bond strength of brackets after antioxidant treatment on bleached teeth(2005) Bulut H.; Kaya A.D.; Turkun M.Various studies have reported a significant reduction in tensile bond strength of brackets when bonding is carried out immediately after bleaching. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effect of an antioxidant agent on the tensile bond strength values of metal brackets bonded with composite resin to human enamel after bleaching with carbamide peroxide (CP). A total of 80 extracted premolar teeth were randomly divided into three bleaching groups of 10 per cent CP and an unbleached control group. The specimens in group 1 were bonded immediately after bleaching; group 2 were stored in an artificial saliva solution for 7 days after bleaching; group 3 were treated with 10 per cent sodium ascorbate, immediately before bonding, whereas the unbleached specimens in group 4 had no treatment before bonding. Tensile bond strengths were established in MPa. To evaluate the amount of resin left on the enamel surfaces after debonding, the adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores were used. The tensile bond strength data were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test and pairwise comparisons were made by the Mann-Whitney U test at a significance level of P < 0.05. The brackets bonded immediately after bleaching revealed significantly lower tensile bond strengths than those of unbleached enamel (P = 0.000). No statistically significant differences in tensile bond strength were noted when the delayed-bonding (P = 6.000) and antioxidant-treated (P = 0.2757) groups were compared with the control group. The antioxidant treatment immediately after bleaching was effective in reversing the tensile bond strength of brackets. © The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Orthodontics Society. All rights reserved.
