Mullerian anomalies and value of diagnosis with 2D ultrasonography

Aim: Mullerian anomalies may accompany some gynecologic, reproductive, or obstetrical problems. They should be kept in mind as a factor for infertility and poor obstetrical results. Conventionally, 2D ultrasonography has been used for diagnosing mullerian anomalies. We evaluated mullerian anomalies diagnosed in our clinic and investigated the prediction of them by 2D ultrasonography. Material and Method: In this study, 82 patients were included who had mullerian duct anomalies. We evaluated all the patients through their medical records and interventions such as 2D ultrasonography, laparoscopy, and hysteroscopy. Results: Out of 82 patients, 53 suffered from infertility. Of the infertile patients, 67.9% (36/53) had uterus septus. The mean duration of infertility of the cases was 2.76 years (+/- SD 3.27). When we compared ultrasonography against laparoscopy findings, the sensitivity of ultrasonography was 96% and specificity was 15%. Also, comparing ultrasonography against hysteroscopy in diagnosis, the sensitivity and positive predictive value of ultrasonography were both 90%. But specificity was 33%. Discussion: The results of this study suggest that, laparoscopy and hysteroscopy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of mullerian anomalies when compared to 2D ultrasonography, as specificity is low with ultrasonography.