Recent advances in development of surfactant-based electrochemical sensors and biosensors

Surfactants are widely used chemical compounds with hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups, playing indispensable roles in various daily life applications. Biosurfactant technology contributes to sustainable advancements in industries like bioremediation, health, food processing, and cosmetics. Surfactants can be categorized into anionic, cationic, nonionic, and amphoteric, with anionic surfactants being the most widely used. Surfactant-based electrochemical techniques have gained importance for their benefits. These techniques are being highly used in electrochemical biosensors to accelerate electron transfer and enhance analyte adsorption. The use of amphiphilic ionic surfactants in liquid membrane-type sensors has shown promising results, with solid-state surfactant sensors being a recent exception. In biomedicine and pharmaceutical analysis, surfactant-based electrochemical biosensors have found a lot of applications for detecting diverse biomolecules with high sensitivity and selectivity. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.