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    Point Prevalence of Hospital-Acquired Infections in Ege University Hospital
    (Galenos Yayincilik, 2015) Erdem, Huseyin Aytac; Sipahi, Oguz Resat; Kepeli, Nurhayat; Dikis, Demet; Kucukler, Nilgun Deniz; Ulusoy, Behiye; Korkmaz, Nilay Bilgili; Barik, Sukran Aksit; Arda, Bilgin; Ozinel, Mehmet Ali; cilli, Feriha; Ulusoy, Sercan
    Introduction: The prevalence of hospital-acquired or healthcare-associated infections (HAI) varies from country to country even between different units of the same hospital. By the help of prevalence studies, HAI rates can be demonstrated in a wider perspective and, based on these data; infection control measures may be reevaluated. In this study, we investigated the HAI prevalence in hospitalized patients on 23 December 2013 at our tertiary-care educational hospital. Materials and Methods: On 23 December 2013, patients diagnosed with HAI (by using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria) by infectious diseases and clinical microbiology specialists in our 1850-bedded (including 1.516 adult, 334 pediatric and a total of 328 intensive care unit beds) tertiary-care hospital, were evaluated in terms of underlying disease, risk factors, implementation initiatives, focus of infection and causative microorganisms. Results: The number of patients hospitalized on 23 December 2014 was 1.470, the prevalence of HAI was found to be 7.21%. The most common type of HAI was pneumonia followed by urinary tract infection, bacteremia, surgical site infections and intra-abdominal infections. Conclusion: We conclude that repeated HAI prevalence studies at appropriate intervals are very useful for taking effective infection control measures and follow-up of HAI in large hospitals like our tertiary care hospital where active surveillance could not be done in all clinics.
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    Susceptibility of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli urine isolates to fosfomycin, ciprofloxacin, amikacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2008) Pullukcu, Husnu; Aydemir, Sohret; Tasbakan, Meltem Isikgoz; cilli, Feriha; Tunger, Alper; Ulusoy, Sercan
    Aim: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused in particular by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)producing Escherichia coli strains are related with high morbidity and mortality, and treatment is quite difficult. These infections generally are treated by carbapenems, and their costs are high. We aimed in this study to investigate the susceptibilities of ESBL-producing E. coli strains isolated from urine cultures to fosfomycin, ciprofloxacin, amikacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and to determine the general resistance profile in our region of these strains isolated from UTIs. Materials and Methods: Between January 2005-December 2005, ESBL-producing E coli strains isolated from urine samples sent from various outpatient and inpatient clinics to the Bacteriology Laboratory of the Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology were included prospectively in the study. ESBL production was detected using the double disk synergy test. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed for ESBL-producing isolates by disk diffusion test according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) criteria. Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 and ATCC 25922 were used as control strains. The diagnosis of nosocomial UTIs was established according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria. The data were assessed using the SPSS 11.0 packet program. Results: A total of 344 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates (241 nosocomial isolates; 103 outpatient isolates) were included in the study. The rates of resistance were 3.5% for fosfomycin, 76.5% for ciprofloxacin, 11% for amikacin, and 74.4% for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. While resistance rates of nosocomial strains were 4.1%, 81.3%, 11.2%, and 71%, respectively, resistance rates of the strains isolated from outpatients were 1.9%, 65%, 10.7%, and 82.5%, respectively. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups for ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Conclusions: Because of the high antibiotic resistance rates in our country, we think that fosfomycin and amikacin may have priority in the treatment of non-complicated UTIs caused by ESBL-producing E. coli strains due to ease of use and high concentration in the urine.