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    Assessing the cooling effect of the blue corridors in Antakya pre-earthquake, Türkiye
    (Elsevier, 2025) Salici, Aylin; Hepcan, Cigdem Coskun; Canpolat, Ergin; Yuksel, Ahsen Tugce
    Blue corridors provide nature-based solutions in urban areas by reducing air temperatures in their surroundings. This study examines the impact of blue corridors on surface temperature and their relationship with land cover in pre-earthquake Antakya. The cooling effect of rivers, based on distance and density across different land cover types, was determined using NDVI, NDWI, and NDMI indices, and the relationship between these indices and LST was analyzed statistically. The results clearly show that the measured temperature difference of 15.421 degrees C in the corridors and their surroundings during the April-September period of 2020-2022 indicates microclimatic variations influenced by land cover characteristics. Although the corridors don't exhibit a distinct cooling effect in terms of water presence, the cooling impact of areas with dense vegetation remains limited. Therefore, increasing permeable surfaces and adopting water-sensitive planning and design approaches in and around the corridors are crucial for extending the cooling effect over a larger area.
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    Heat exposure of older people in İzmir
    (Alexandru Ioan Cuza Univ Press, Alexandru Ioan Cuza Univ Iasi, 2024) Hepcan, cigdem Coskun; Canguzel, Aybuke; Yuksel, Ahsen Tugce; Ioja, Ioan Cristian; Hepcan, Serif; Breuste, Jurgen
    The climate crisis poses significant challenges, with vulnerable populations, particularly older adults, disproportionately affected by heat-related health risks. This study evaluates heat exposure among individuals aged 65 and older in & Idot;zmir's (T & uuml;rkiye) coastal districts by integrating land surface temperature (LST) data and demographic census records. Findings reveal that 9% of older adults experience extremely high heat exposure, while 61% face high exposure. Vulnerability is more pronounced in & Idot;zmir's northern and eastern districts compared to southern areas. These results highlight the urgent need for targeted interventions to mitigate heat exposure and protect vulnerable populations.
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    Integrating rainfall duration to urban flood exposure assessment in Bornova Watershed, Izmir, Turkey
    (Springer, 2026) Yuksel, Ahsen Tugce; Coskun Hepcan, Cigdem
    Flood events, increasingly intensified by urbanization and climate change, pose critical risks to cities. This study evaluates urban flood exposure in the Manda Stream sub-watershed of & Idot;zmir, T & uuml;rkiye, using high-resolution (0.5 m) terrain data and HEC-RAS 2D simulations under 12h and 24h rainfall duration scenarios corresponding to a 1000 year flood discharge. Results show that the 24h event expands the flood extent by 18% and increases population exposure by 13.3% compared to the 12h event. Building exposure rises from 13,481 to 15,333 buildings, while vulnerable groups young (0-16 years) and the elderly (>= 65 years), consistently make up 29% of those at risk. Spatial disparities across neighborhoods highlight the influence of terrain, land use, and urban form on flood vulnerability. Findings emphasize the importance of incorporating rainfall duration into urban flood risk assessments and advocate for localized adaptation strategies. These include early warning systems, resilient infrastructure, and Nature-based Solutions to safeguard vulnerable populations. The study supports the integration of disaster risk reduction into sustainable urban planning, aligning with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
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    Storm Surge Threats: Assessing İzmir's Transportation Network Vulnerabilities
    (Cluj Univ Press, 2025) Hepcan, Cigdem Coskun; Yuksel, Ahsen Tugce; Canguzel, Aybuke; Hepcan, Serif; Ioja, Ioan Cristian; Breuste, Jurgen
    Coastal cities are increasingly vulnerable to climate-related hazards-storm surges, sea-level rise, and extreme weather-which threaten transportation systems. Recent disasters highlight the urgent need for resilience planning. This study evaluates the vulnerability of & Idot;zmir's transportation network under three storm surge scenarios by integrating high-resolution spatial data, IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) projections, and historical flood records. The analysis applies an indicator-based approach grounded in the IPCC framework, evaluating vulnerability as a function of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. Findings show water intrusion ranging from 330 to 12,000 meters across & Idot;zmir Bay, significantly impacting critical infrastructure. Tram lines and ferry piers are most affected, with over 84% and 97% of assets classified as highly or very highly vulnerable. Metro stations (52%) and segments of the & Idot;ZBAN rail system (34%) are also at risk, particularly in low-lying coastal zones. These disruptions threaten urban mobility, economic stability, and emergency response. The current research provides a spatially explicit vulnerability assessment of & Idot;zmir's transport infrastructure under different storm surge scenarios, identifying the most at-risk assets and locations. By applying an indicator-based framework, it quantifies vulnerability in a systematic way and highlights the urgency of targeted adaptation in central districts like Konak and Kar & scedil;& imath;yaka. The findings offer actionable insights for urban planners and policymakers, emphasizing the need to integrate Nature-based Solutions and engineered protections in areas with low elevation and critical transport functions. The methodological approach can also be adapted to support resilience planning in other coastal cities facing similar climate threats.