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Öğe Early Morphological Development and Allometric Growth Patterns in Hatchery-Reared Red Porgy (Pagrus pagrus)(Central Fisheries Research Inst, 2014) Yildirim, Sukru; Coban, Deniz; Suzer, Cuneyt; Kirim, Birsen; Firat, Kursat; Saka, SahinMorphological development and allometric growth were investigated in the red porgy, Pagrus pagrus, during larval development until the end of weaning at 46 days after hatching (DAH). Total length (TL) of newly hatched larvae was 2.77 +/- 0.09 mm (mean +/- SE). Onset of exogenous feeding occurred at 4 DAH (3.74 +/- 0.13 mm TL). Initial swimbladder inflation occured at 10 DAH (4.22 +/- 0.18 mm TL) and post-inflation became more elongate at 16 DAH (4.95 +/- 0.26 mm TL). Notochord flexion occurred between 22 DAH (5.56 +/- 0.43 mm TL) and 34 DAH (8.22 +/- 0.63 mm TL). At the end of the weaning at 46 DAH, TL of larvae was 15.81 +/- 1.36 mm According to individual measurements of a total of 1026 larvae of 18 body parameters for allometric growth, in 19 of 35 respective regression equations, the allometry coefficients were positive, while coefficients of 7 equations showed negative allometry. The majority of all allometric changes from inflection point were expressed during the larval stage and were integrated with the metamorphosis stage. Inflections in body proportion changes occurred mainly at TL values of 3.74, 4.22 and 5.56 mm, coinciding with mouth opening, initial swimbladder inflation and flexion of notochord, respectively.Öğe Effect of Some Morphometric Characteristics on Egg Quality in Common Dentex, Dentex dentex (Linnaeus, 1758)(Central Fisheries Research Inst, 2011) Coban, Deniz; Kamaci, H. Okan; Suzer, Cuneyt; Yildirim, Sukru; Arda, Gokhan; Korkut, A. Yildirim; Saka, Sahin; Firat, KursatIn this study, egg quality determination of common dentex (Dentex dentex) was investigated by using egg, yolk and oil globule diameter from the first division to the hatching, during natural and photoperiodic manipulation of spawning time. In the viable, floating eggs, the minimal and maximal diameter of the egg, yolk and oil globule were measured. Based on these measurements several parameters were calculated describing the shape of the egg, yolk and oil globule and the size relationship between these compartments. Hatching rate was calculated as 92% in natural spawning time (NST) and 61% photoperiodic manipulation of spawning time (PMST). Also, average egg diameter was measured as 0.949 +/- 0.038 mm in NST and 0.911 +/- 0.014 mm in PMST. In NST, egg diameter and yolk diameter of the eggs were significantly bigger than eggs in PMST (P<0.05). The morphometric parameters of oil globule could be accepted as an indicator for description of quality criteria of eggs.Öğe Effects of Illumination Intensity on Growth Parameters and Swim Bladder Development in Common dentex (Dentex dentex, L.) Larvae(Central Fisheries Research Inst, 2013) Yildirim, Sukru; Suzer, Cuneyt; Coban, Deniz; Kamaci, H. Okan; Firat, Kursat; Saka, SahinThe influences of three different light intensities were investigated on growth of common dentex (Dentex dentex) during larval period (0-35 day). Three different illumination levels were compared that 10 lx as group A, 30 lx described group B and 100 lx named group C in triplicates, respectively. Larvae were cultured in a recirculating aquaculture system using a green water technique. The longest total length and the heaviest weight were found as 18.43 +/- 1.9 mm and 38.48 +/- 5.1 mg in group B with 30 lx light intensity. Same parameters were 18.03 +/- 2.5 mm and 36.72 +/- 4.8 mg for group C with 100 lx light intensity; 16.23 +/- 1.7 mm and 28.53 +/- 4.2 mg for group A with 10 lx light intensity. In terms of total length and weight, there were significant differences in group A (P<0.05), however, differences were not detected between B and C groups (P>0.05). Also, swim bladder inflation rates were calculated as 88.3 +/- 2.7, 92.1 +/- 1.6 and 91.4 +/- 1.3% for groups A, B and C, respectively and did not presented significant differences among groups (P>0.05). In addition, survival rates were 8.8 +/- 3.1, 23.5 +/- 2.5 and 19.9 +/- 2.8%, respectively. While not significant differences were found between group B and C (P>0.05), but group A presented significantly difference compared to other groups (P<0.05). As a result, it is thought that illumination effected husbandry parameters were more affirmative with 30 lx light intensity in Dentex dentex under culture conditions.Öğe Effects of Probiotic (Bacillus sp.) Supplementation during Larval Development of Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata, L.)(Central Fisheries Research Inst, 2013) Arig, Nihan; Suzer, Cuneyt; Gokvardar, Alize; Basaran, Fatih; Coban, Deniz; Yildirim, Sukru; Kamaci, H. Okan; Firat, Kursat; Saka, SahinIn this study, the effects of administration of commercial probiotic, Bacillus sp., were examined on growth parameters and digestive proteases (alkaline and acid proteases) activities in gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata, during larval development until on day 40. Probiotics were supplemented in triplicate from on day 3 coinciding with starting of exogenous feeding. In the experimental group, probiotic was introduced to rotifer and tank water until 20 days after hatching. Also, control group did not receive probiotic. In experimental group, the specific activities of alkaline protease was significantly higher (p<0.05) in larvae compared to control group. Acid protease activity was not effected by probiotic supplementation however, it was relatively higher in experimental group than the control (p>0.05). Additionally, no significant differences were found in both survival (8.5% higher) and specific growth rate (0.7% higher) larvae of S. aurata that had probiotic supplemented by rotifer with water as compared to controls (p>0.05). Consequently, specific activities of alkaline and acid protease could be significantly increased by the administration of Bacillus sp. to live food with water the and therefore; this method would be more effective for obtaining of relatively better growth parameters and nutritional condition in S. aurata larvae.Öğe Efficiency of different collectors for spat settlement of Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) in the southeastern Marmara Sea, Türkiye(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Yildirim, Sukru; Gokvardar, Alize; Erdem, omer Alper; Sabanci, Fatma; Serdar, Serpil; Ertan, AsliMediterranean mussel have spread almost throughout Turkish seas. The objective of this study was to set up longline systems to determine spat efficiency by two different systems (buoy and pipe) consisting of three different materials, new rope, used rope and used net, in Erdek Bay. The second objective was to identify whether waste materials could be used in mussel culture. Sea water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll-a, total suspended, inorganic and organic matter were measured at monthly intervals. Results revealed that the highest settlement (4196 spat) was observed in the collectors made of used nets in the pipe system (October 2016). In contrast, the lowest value (2 spat) was recorded from the collectors made of new ropes in the buoy system (August 2016). Waste materials presented relatively better results on settlement than the new ropes. The optimum production was observed in the mussel farm with 1239 spat in the buoy and 1607 spat in the pipe systems, which were commissioned in April 2016. It is concluded that the spat performance was affected by collectors and materials. Therefore, we propose the use of used ropes and used nets, which will allow more effective attachment surfaces to achieve higher spacing settlement.Öğe External morphology of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) related to sexual dimorphism(Tubitak Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2011) Coban, Deniz; Yildirim, Sukru; Kamaci, H. Okan; Suzer, Cuneyt; Saka, Sahin; Firat, KursatThe relationships among 15 morphometric measurements in 219 aliquots of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) were examined with respect to sexual dimorphism. The ratio of females to males was determined as 1:5.1 and gonadosomatic indices (%) were found for males (2.13 +/- 0.86) and females (3.63 +/- 1.18). There were 4 morphometric characteristics that differed between genders: ventral margin of cleithrum (VMC), postanal fin length (post-AFL), postdorsal fin length (post-DFL), and preanal fin length (pre-AFL). Although there were significant differences between morphometric characteristics (post-AFL, post-DFL, pre-AFL) and total length, no significant differences were found in the VMC. These average ratios were determined as pre-AFL to TL 0.61 female, 0.71 male; post-AFL to TL 0.72 female, 0.84 male; post-DFL to TL 0.68 female, 0.81 male, respectively. The aim of this study was to investigate if sexual differences could affect external morphology in cultured seabass and, additionally, to determine sexual dimorphism related to morphological differences during the maturation and spawning seasons in this species.Öğe Functional changes in digestive enzyme activities of meagre (Argyrosomus regius; Asso, 1801) during early ontogeny(Springer, 2013) Suzer, Cuneyt; Kamaci, H. Okan; Coban, Deniz; Yildirim, Sukru; Firat, Kursat; Saka, SahinThe ontogenesis of main pancreatic and intestinal enzymes was investigated in the recent promising Mediterranean candidate species of meagre, Argyrosomus regius, during larval development until 40 days after hatching (DAH). The green-water technique was carried out for larval rearing. Whole-body homogenates were used for enzymatic analysis in larvae younger than 15 DAH; after this date, older larvae were dissected into two segments as pancreatic and intestinal segment. Trypsin was detected as early as hatching and sharply increased concurrently with age and exogenous feeding 15 DAH, but constant decline was observed until the end of experiment. Amylase was determined at 2 DAH and sharply increased 10 DAH. Then, slight decreases were found between 10 and 15 DAH, and then slow alterations were continued until the end of the experiment. Lipase was firstly measured on day 3; then, sudden decline was observed between 20 and 25 DAH. After this date, slow fluctuations were maintained until the end of the experiment. Pepsin was firstly assayed 15 DAH related to gastric gland secretion and sharply increased 30 DAH. Then, it slowly varied until end of the experiment. Enzymes of brush border membranes, alkaline phosphatase and aminopeptidase N showed similar pattern on specific activities during the first 10 days. Thereafter, while specific activity of alkaline phosphatase slightly decreased 15 and fluctuated until 20 DAH, aminopeptidase N activity slowly increased 20 DAH. Then, activity of alkaline phosphatase and aminopeptidase N constantly increased 30 DAH, indicating maturation of the intestinal digestive process, and also, these activities continued to slowly increase until the end of the experiment. The specific activity of cytosolic peptidase, leucine-alanine peptidase, smoothly increased on day 8, then fluctuated until 15 DAH. After this date, in contrast to enzymes of brush border membranes, it sharply decreased 25 DAH and continued to gradually decline until the end of the experiment. These converse expressions were indicative of a maturation of enterocytes and the transition of an adult mode of digestion.Öğe General perspectives of shellfish aquaculture in Turkey(Turkish Marine Research Foundation-Tudav, 2020) Serdar, Serpil; Yildirim, Sukru[No Abstract Available]Öğe Impact of probiotic Bacillus sp. dietary supplementation on pancreatic and intestinal activities in seabream Sparus aurata(Oxford University Press, 2024) Yildirim, Sukru; Suzer, Cuneyt; Firat, Kursat; Saka, Sahin; Hekimoglu, Muge; Coban, Deniz; Korkut, Ali Yildirim; Kose, Ibrahim; Antepli, Onurkan; Gokvardar, AlizeThe main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of commercial probiotic Bacillus sp. supplementation on seabream Sparus aurata larviculture under culture conditions. In this context, Bacillus was supplemented via rotifer feeding and water and its effects on pancreatic and intestinal enzyme activities as well as aquaculture parameters were evaluated during early life development. In the experimental group, as probiotic three Bacillus sp. spores were introduced via rotifer and larval culture tanks, while the larvae in control group did not feed any probiotic supplementation. At the end of the experiment on 40 days after hatching, the probiotic-supplemented group exhibited better growth performance and there were statistically differences in between groups of probiotic-treated and control regarding growth parameters (P < 0.01), despite insignificant survival rate (P > 0.05). In terms of enzymatic expressions, S. aurata larvae receiving probiotic supplementation through rotifers demonstrated noteworthy (P < 0.05) enhancements in specific activities of pancreatic and intestinal enzymes, except for amylase (P > 0.05), when compared to the control group. It is concluded that the administration of Bacillus sp. as probiotic bacteria through rotifer supplementation and water intake demonstrates significant positive impacts on both growth parameters and specific activities of main pancreatic and intestinal enzymes of seabream larvae.Öğe Morphological Development and Allometric Growth of Sharpsnout Seabream (Diplodus puntazzo) Larvae(Central Fisheries Research Inst, 2012) Coban, Deniz; Suzer, Cuneyt; Yildirim, Sukru; Saka, Sahin; Firat, KursatIn this study, morphological development and allometric growth were investigated in the sharpsnout seabream, Diplodus puntazzo, during larval development until the end of the weaning on day 42. Average total length (TL) of newly hatched larvae was 2.91 +/- 0.11 mm and it was 3.35 +/- 0.13 mm TL at the onset of feeding at 4 days after hatching (DAH). Initial swimbladder inflation occurred at 10 DAH (5.11 +/- 0.45 mm TL) and post-inflation became more elongate at 15 DAH (5.95 +/- 0.43 mm TL). The notochord flexion occurred between 5.95 +/- 0.43 mm TL at 15 DAH and 7.98 +/- 0.72 mm TL on 24 DAH. At the end of weaning, larvae were 16.03 +/- 1.74 mm TL at 42 DAH. The majority of all allometric changes from inflection point were integrated with the larval and the metamorphosis stage. Inflections in body proportion changes occurred mainly at 5.12, 5.95 and 7.98 mm TL, corresponding to initial swimbladder inflation and flexion period of notochord, respectively.Öğe Skeletal deformities of cultured sharpsnout seabream (Diplodus puntazzo) larvae during early life development(Ankara Univ Press, 2014) Yildirim, Sukru; Coban, Deniz; Suzer, Cuneyt; Firat, Kursat; Saka, SahinIn this study, skeletal deformities were investigated during early life stages in sharpsnout seabream, Diplodus puntazzo, larvae during larval development period. Whole larval period (1-42 days after hatching, DAH) was examined in three stages (preflexion, flexion and postflexion) based on notochord curve. Totally, 1210 specimens were examined during the experiment but 689 deformities were recorded in 256 larvae. Also, deformity rate was calculated as 21.2% at the end of the experiment. In terms of notochord flexion at stage-specific, no differences were found between preflexion (19.7%) and postflexion (15.8%) stages (p>0.05) while there was a significant difference during flexion stage (32.8%) in comparison with other groups (p<0.05). Correspondence analysis (CA) was performed in order to describe of skeletal deformities mainly depend on notochord flexion. According to CA analysis, it was determined that deformities were closely related with both flexion stages quantitatively and also postflexion stages qualitatively.Öğe Stage-Specific Ontogeny of Digestive Enzymes in the Cultured Common Dentex (Dentex dentex) Larvae(Central Fisheries Research Inst, 2014) Suzer, Cuneyt; Coban, Deniz; Yildirim, Sukru; Hekimoglu, Muge; Kamaci, H. Okan; Firat, Kursat; Saka, SahinStage-specific ontogeny of main digestive enzymes in common dentex, Dentex dentex, were assayed during early life development according to notochord flexion studied from hatching to 45 days after hatching (DAH). The notochord was straight in yolk-sac larvae of D. dentex and preflexion stage was observed between 0 and 18 DAH as 2.75 and 6.27 mm at total length (TL). Then, flexion of the notochord was estimated between 19 and 30 DAH as 6.27 and 10.9 mm at TL. Important alterations in specific activities of all digestive enzymes measured during period of this study were mostly related with metamorphosis and co-feeding. Trypsin and chymotrypsin specific activities were firstly detected on day 3 and were related with mouth opening, whereas they slightly increased until 25 DAH respectively. Pepsin was firstly detected on day 28 and related with stomach formation and a sharp increase was observed until 30 DAH. Both amylase and lipase were measured on day 2 and 4, respectively and they also sharply increased during the first week of life. Additionally, except pepsin, most of the digestive enzyme activities were firstly secreted in the preflexion stage and also gastric secretion started and functional development digestive system were occurred in in flexion and postflexion stages, respectively.Öğe A study on oocyte development of the Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus, Linnaeus 1758) under farming conditions(Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey-Tubitak, 2019) Yildirim, Sukru; Midilli, Sema; Guler, Mehmet; Yurttas, Ridvan Cenk; Coban, DenizBody length and weight measurements and histological samples were collected from slaughtered Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) that were fattening under farming conditions for the determination of oocyte development in February 2015 (n = 10), May 2015 (n = 1), June 2015 (n = 1), July 2015 (n = 9), and July 2016 (n = 3) during harvest and soon after newly dead. The developmental phases of oocytes were evaluated based on their diameters, fork body length and weight of fish, surface water temperature, and species' reproduction season. According to the histological results, the oocytes were at the beginning of the regeneration and maturation phases in February; in the preovulation phase in May, advanced vitellogenic oocyte with yolk globules and atretic vitellogenic oocytes in June, and previtellogenic oocytes in July 2015. In July 2016, the oocytes were previtellogenic, vitellogenic, and advanced vitellogenic. Individuals were between 119 and 280 cm in fork length, weighed between 30 and 455 kg, and showed natural oocyte development at 16.7-22 degrees C surface water temperature under cage farming facility conditions during the species' natural spawning season of May, June, and July.
