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    Brooding temperatures for chicks acclimated to heat during incubation: Effects on post-hatch intestinal development and body weight under heat stress
    (2010) Akşit M.; Yalçin S.; Yenisey Ç.; Özdemir D.
    1. The objective was to evaluate the effects of brooding temperature on intestinal development, oxidative organ damage, and performance of chicks acclimated to high temperature during incubation. The effects of acclimation and brooding temperatures on slaughter weights of broilers under heat stress were also investigated. 2. Eggs were incubated at either 37.8°C (INC Cont) or heat-acclimated at 39.5°C for 6h daily from d 10 to d 18 of incubation (INC H). Brooding temperatures at floor level were set at 32, 33.5 and 35°C (Bt 32, Bt 33.5, Bt 35, respectively) for the first 5 d. The temperature was reduced gradually to 30°C from d 6 to d 10. From 21 to 42 d, broilers from INC Cont Bt 32 and INC H Bt 32 and Bt 35 were divided into two groups; half from each group was exposed to daily cyclic higher ambient temperatures, while the other half was reared at control temperature. 3. INC H chicks had lower jejunum, but greater liver and residual yolk sac weights than INC Cont chicks on the day of hatching. Although INC H chicks from Bt 33.5 and Bt 35 had lighter body weights than Bt 32 on d 5, no significant differences were observed in the body weight of broilers among treatments at 10 and 21 d. 4. Similar jejunum protein, alkaline phosphatase, maltase, glutathione, and malondialdehyde contents of chicks from INC Cont and INC H suggested that heat acclimation during incubation has no effect on jejunum enzyme activity or oxidative status of chicks. 5. Taking into account INC H Bt 35 chicks having lower T 3 levels on d 5, lower heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratios and similar weights at 42 d under heat stress compared with control broilers, the results suggested that although higher brooding temperatures had no effect on body weights of INC H chicks during the brooding period, those broilers may able to cope better with heat stress. © 2010 British Poultry Science Ltd.
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    Effects of lameness, stage of lactation and body condition score on some blood parameters in Holstein cows
    (2009) Yaylak E.; Yenisey Ç.; Seyrek K.
    Effects of lameness, stage of lactation and body condition score on serum AST and ALI activities as well as serum total protein, triglyceride, cholesterol and albumin concentrations in cows was investigated in the present study. Fifty six pure Holstein cows were included in this study. AST, ALT and cholesterol levels were significantly altered by stages of lactation (p<0.05). Total protein, triglyceride, AST, ALT, cholesterol and album in levels were low at early stages of lactation and dry periods; in the course of time, their concentrations increased. However, in late stages of lactation, serum total protein, triglyceride, AST, ALT, cholesterol and album in levels declined. No significant alterations were detected in the blood parameters of lame cows. However, AST, ALT and album in levels were low in cows with a lameness score of 4. Likewise, blood parameters were not affected by body condition. Triglyceride, AST, cholesterol and album in levels are high in cows with higher body conditions (?2.75). © 2009 Academic Journals Inc.
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    Melatonin decreases the nitric oxide response in thyrotoxic rats [Melatonin tirotoksikozLu slçanlarda nitrik oksit yanitini baskilar]
    (2008) Önen Z.; Makay Ö.; Içoz G.; Özgen G.; Yenisey Ç.; Şimşek N.G.; Akyildiz M.; Yetkin E.
    Purpose: Hyperthyroidism results In free radical production and this free radical production results in cell damage. Melatonin, which is an effective hormone in the management of the metabolism, prevents the harmful effects of free radicals like nitric oxide via its direct antioxidant effect. This study was conducted to investigate the role of nitric oxide In experimental hyperthyroidism and the effect of melatonin on nitric oxide. Materials and Methods: Thirty Wistar Albino female rats were randomized into three groups: Group A [negative control group] underwent saline injection; Group B [positive control group] underwent intraperitoneal L-Thyroxine 0.2 mg/kg/day and Group C (treatment group] underwent intraperitoneal L-Thyroxine 0.2 mg/kg/day+ melatonin 3 mg/kg/day. After 3 weeks, all rats were decapitated and blood, liver and heart tissue samples were taken. Biochemically, FT3, FT4, TSH and NO levels were investigated. Results: There was a significant change in FT3 levels between Groups A and B, and Groups B and C [p<0.001 and p=0.004, respectively). Concerning FT4 levels, there was a significant change between Groups A and Band Groups A and C [p<0.001 and p = 0.02 respectively]. Changes In median blood NO levels of Group A. B and C were significantly different [5,93 µM/L; 48,41 µM/L and 42, 69 µM/L, respectively) [p<0.001). Heart NO level of Group B is similar to Group A (1,74 µmol/g vs. 1,74 µmol/g]. There was also no statistically significant difference between Group B and C, although heart levels decreased in Group C (1,25 µmol/g), [p=0,05). Liver NO levels showed a significant difference between Group A and B, while there was no significant difference between Groups B and C [0,30 µmol/g: 0,46 µmol/g ve 0,41 µmol/g. respectively). Conclusion: Results of this study should be confirmed with future studies conducted with different doses and application time intervals of melatonin. We believe that these future studies will lead melatonin to a major role in the fight against pathologies like hyperthyroidism that affect many systems.