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    An experimental study on the effects copper and lead on the seedlings of some economically important vegetable species
    (Univ Agr Sci & Veterinary Med Cluj-Napoca, 2023) Candan, Feyza; Ozturk, Munir; Altay, Volkan; Yalcin, Ibrahim Ertugrul
    Bioaccumulation of toxic heavy metals in vegetables is closely related to the problems of safety concerns as they negatively affect plants in particular those consumed by the humans. Among the food systems the vegetables are the most noticeable foods affected by environmental pollution. Vegetables can take up the metals like copper and lead and store them in excessive levels. Keeping this in view this investigation was undertaken to study the effect of copper and lead concentrations (20, 40, 80, 160, 240, 320, 640, and 1280 mu M) and assess their toxic affects on germination and seedling growth at early stages of eight vegetable cultivars; kidney bean, peas, black-eyed bean, artichoke, kale, lettuce, rocket and radish. The results were evaluated by multivariate analysis of variance and Pearson correlation statistical analysis. Our results indicate that the seeds of the vegetables studied by us are generally tolerant to both copper as well lead, except higher concentration exposures which showed no improvement when applied to artichoke (for Cu 1280 mu M) and lettuce seeds (Cu 1280 mu M; Pb 1280 mu M). An application of copper and lead ended up with a decrease in barium, calcium, iron, magnesium, manganese, sodium and zinc content in all seedlings studied. In all vegetables exposed to copper and lead a promotion in copper and lead accumulation was recorded. There was a decrease in nutrient element intake which interrupted the mineral element uptake in the seedlings.
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    Trace Elements in the Soil-Plant Systems of Copper Mine Areas-A Case Study From Murgul Copper Mine From the Black Sea Region of Turkey
    (Tech Science Press, 2019) Ozturk, Munir; Altay, Volkan; Kucuk, Mahir; Yalcin, Ibrahim Ertugrul
    This study presents a case study on the heavy metal analysis of soil and plant samples around the Murgul copper mine, one of the first and most important mining areas in Turkey. An attempt has been made to investigate the status of trace elements like Al3+, Fe2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Pb2+, Ni2+, Co2+ and Cd2+ in soils and plants. The sampling localities were taken from 500 m, 600 m, and 1000 m altitudes around the factory and at 1400 m in the forest zone. The aboveground parts and foliage ash of Silene compacta, Tussilago farfara, Smilax excelsa, Rhododendron ponticum, R. luteum, and herbal mix were analysed. The results of analysis have revealed the minimum and maximum concentrations measured in the plants as follows; aluminium (20-8985 mg kg(-1)), cadmium (0.0-0.5 mg kg(-1)), cobalt (0.0-5.5 mg kg(-1)), copper (0.0-347.5 mg kg(-1)), iron (25-9320 mg kg(-1)), lead (2-51 mg kg(-1)), nickel (1.5-16.5 mg kg(-1)), and zinc (13.0-221.0 mg kg(-1)). In the soil the concentrations of aluminium, cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, nickel, and zinc vary between 33-457, 0.0-0.0, 0.0-0.4, 0.1-88.7, 14-50, 0.3-4.1, 0.2-0.8, and 4.0-20.3 mg kg(-1) respectively. These findings enlighten the fact that copper is generally toxic in the soils as well as plants. Silene compacta has been recorded as a high copper accumulator, behaving as a healthy plant on the polluted sites of the area alongside the Murgul creek (especially at 600 m). This study stresses the fact that it is imperative to assess and monitor the levels of heavy metals in the environment due to anthropogenic activities, including mining, for evaluation of human exposure and for sustainable environment.