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    Caries-Preventive Effect and Retention of Glass-Ionomer and Resin-Based Sealants: A Randomized Clinical Comparative Evaluation
    (Hindawi Ltd, 2022) Uzel, Ilhan; Gurlek, Ceren; Kuter, Berna; Ertugrul, Fahinur; Eden, Ece
    Background. Deep fissures are highly unprotected from the development of caries. Resin-based materials and glass-ionomer cements for sealing fissures are useful in caries control through physical barrier formation, which prohibits metabolic exchange between fissure microorganisms. Retention is one of the most critical properties of fissure sealants. This in vivo study is aimed at comparing and evaluating the clinical efficacy of resin and glass ionomer-based fissure sealants on first permanent molars with follow-ups at 6-, 12-, and 18-month intervals. Methods. A randomized split-mouth design clinical study was conducted after obtaining the ethical committee approval. A total of 50 patients, aged between 7 and 12 years, were randomized and enrolled in the study to perform a total of 200 sealant placements on all four caries-free and hypoplasia-free first permanent molars having deep fissures, which are susceptible to caries, were included in this study. The four permanent molars were divided into the following four groups: group A (control), B (Grandioseal, Voco, Germany), C (Smartseal & Loc, Detax Gmbh & Co, Germany), and D (Fuji triage capsule, GC, Belgium). The sealed molars were clinically evaluated at intervals of 6, 12, and 18 months to assess sealant retention, surface roughness, marginal coloration, and caries status through visual evaluation of the sealant by two evaluators. Results. Concerning retention, there were statistically significant differences between the sealants in terms of the survival of partial and fully retained sealants as well as in the survival of caries-free teeth. Two resin-based (Smartseal & Loc) and glass-ionomer cement (Fuji triage) sealants showed significantly similar performances in permanent molars for up to 18 months. In terms of retention, one of the resin-based (Grandioseal) sealants performed better as compared to the others and showed better caries prevention in deep fissures. Conclusion. It is concluded that both the sealants had comparable retention and caries-preventive effects in 7 to 12-year-old children and can be considered as suitable sealants for a period of at least 18 months in moderate caries risk patients.
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    Evaluation of Glass-Ionomer versus Bulk-Fill Resin Composite: A Two-Year Randomized Clinical Study
    (Mdpi, 2022) Uzel, Ilhan; Aykut-Yetkiner, Arzu; Ersin, Nazan; Ertugrul, Fahinur; Atila, Elif; Ozcan, Mutlu
    Background: The aim of this split-mouth design research was to compare the clinical performance of a glass-ionomer cement system on Class I/II cavities against the clinical performance of bulk-fill resin composite restoration materials. Methods: Thirty-five patients were randomized and enrolled in the study, aged between 10 and 12 years, all of whom had a matched pair of permanent mandibular carious molars with similar Class I/II. A total of 70 restoration placements were performed. The patients were each given two restorations consisting of either a glass-ionomer cement with a nano-filled coating or a bulk-fill resin composite after the use of a self-etch adhesive. The cumulative survival rates were estimated using log-rank test and the Kaplan-Meier method. For comparison of the restorative materials in line with the modified Ryge, the McNemar test and the Wilcoxon signed rank test were employed. Results: With regard to retention, the glass-ionomer cement system and bulk-fill resin composite performed similarly in permanent molars in Class I/II cavities over a period of up to 24-months (p > 0.05). Over the 24-month period, Class I restorations showed statistically better survival rates than Class II restorations (p < 0.05). In the case of glass-ionomer cement systems, over the two-year period, more common chipping and surface degradations were observed. Conclusions: The glass-ionomer cement system and bulk-fill resin composite restorative materials display good clinical performance over a period of 24-months.
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    Evaluation of the Risk Factors of Dental Anxiety in Children
    (Galenos Yayincilik, 2022) Uzel, Ilhan; Aydinel, Bengi; Ak, Asli Topaloglu
    Aim: Dental anxiety is described as state anxiety due to dental treatment procedures. The present study aimed to evaluate the etiological factors of dental anxiety in children aged 7-8 and 11-12 years old. Materials and Methods: A total of 370 children of both genders were enrolled in this study. The parents' socio-economic status, education levels and family income, oral hygiene habits, and the caries status of the children were recorded on a structured questionnaire. The dental anxiety of both the children and their mothers was evaluated by the administration of a questionnaire based on Corah's dental anxiety scale (DAS). The children's fear survey schedule-dental subscale (CFSS-DS) was also used to assess the dental anxiety levels of the children. Data were analyzed using the SPSS (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) 19.0 software program. Descriptive statistics were used for socio-demographic data. Parametric and non-parametric tests were used to compare means/medians, whereas the chi-square test was used to compare proportions. Student's t-test and one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction were employed to compare the anxiety scale results. All significance levels were set at 0.05. Results: A negative correlation was found between the age groups and dental anxiety levels in the children (p=0.02). The difference between gender and dental anxiety was statistically significant (p=0.01). Boys were found to be more anxious than girls. The differences between the dental anxiety and the education levels of the mothers and the family income of the parents were not statistically significant (p>0.05). It was detected that the maternal dental anxiety level strongly affected the anxiety level of the children in the group of 7-8 years (p=0.01), while no significant difference was found in the group of 11-12 years (p>0.05). A positive correlation was found between the dental caries scores of the children and their dental anxiety level (p=0.01). Conclusion: Dental anxiety is multifactorial and is far more complex than can be explained by a single contributing factor.