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Öğe Different treatments for increasing sustainability in soilless culture(International Society for Horticultural Science, 2007) Gul A.; Kidoglu F.; Tuzel Y.; Tuzel I.H.The possibilities of increasing sustainability in substrate culture by using closed system, lower levels of the nutrients and microorganisms were studied in the trials carried out during autumn season in 2003 and spring season in 2004. Plant material was tomato cv. Durinta and perlite was used as growing medium. The experimental design was split-split-plots with 3 replicates. The treatments were as follows: (1) nutrition systems (open and closed), (2) concentrations of nutrient solution (full and half -1/2 of macroelements-), (3) microorganisms (Bacillus subtilis FZB24, Trichoderma harzianum T-22, control -no microorganism-). Parameters related to yield, fruit quality and water use efficiency -WUE- were evaluated. Half nutrient levels were found to be adequate in open system, whereas full nutrient levels gave better results in closed system. Although 13.7% higher yield could be obtained in Bacillus treatment compared with control in open system, Bacillus subtilis gave rise to decreased yield in closed system. Generally, there were no significant differences between Trichoderma harzianum treated and control plants in respect to yield.Öğe Effects of different irrigation programs on cucumber plants grafted on different rootstocks(International Society for Horticultural Science, 2017) Duman B.; Tuzel Y.; Oztekin G.B.; Tuzel I.H.This research was conducted in a polyethylene greenhouse during spring season of 2010 to determine the effects of different irrigation programs on biomass, yieldand water use efficiency of cucumber plants grafted on different commercial rootstocks. Four interspecific hybrids of Cucurbita maxima Duch. × C. moschata Duch. (RS841, Nunhems 9075, Maximus and TZ148) and one Lageneria siceraria (Macis) were used and compared with a self-grafted treatment ('Gordion') which was evaluated as control. Three irrigation programs were applied based on indoor integrated solar radiation levels of 1, 2 and 4 MJ m-2. The volume of applied nutrient solution was adjusted according to the rate of drained solution to applied solution. The experimental design was two factorial randomized blocks with 3 replicates. Plant growth, yield and water use efficiency showed differences according to the used rootstocks under different irrigation programs. The highest yield was in RS841 (22.55 kg m-2), followed by TZ148 and Maximus in the 2 MJ m-2 irrigation program. The yield of Macis was the lowest and was followed by the self grafted treatment. There were no significant differences among the rootstocks in the 4 MJ m-2 irrigation program. It was concluded that the rootstocks RS841, TZ148 and Maximus could be used successfully in greenhouse cucumber growing with the irrigation program based on indoor integrated solar radiation level of 2 MJ m-2. © 2017 ISHS.Öğe Effects of nutrition and irrigation on sweet pepper production in volcanic tuff [Efectos de la nutrición y el riego en la producción de pimiento en toba volcánica](Ministerio de Agricultura Pesca y Alimentacion, 2011) Gul A.; Tuzel Y.; Tuzel I.H.; Irget M.E.; Kidoglu F.; Tepecik M.In this study aimed at increasing sustainability in soilless cultivation, volcanic tuff was used as substrate and the tested plant material was blocky type pepper (cv. 4-Ever F1). Three experimental factors were evaluated: cultivation system (open or closed), nutrient composition (N1, N2, N3, N4) and irrigation frequency (I1, I2, I3, I4). Macro nutrient concentrations of N2, N3 and N4 were 2-, 3- and 4-fold of N1. Concentrations of micronutrients were the same for all treatments. Irrigation was started when indoor solar radiation reached 6, 4, 2 and 1 MJ m-2 in the treatments I1, I2, I3 and I4, respectively. As a sustainable soilless technique, closed system was found to be recommendable by incorporating the treatment N4 + I2 to provide high yield and quality for blocky type pepper production. In the case of an open system, N2 + I4 proved to be the most efficient strategy.Öğe Soilless culture of cucumber in glasshouses. ii. a comparison of open and closed systems on water and nutrient consumption(International Society for Horticultural Science, 1999) Tuzel I.H.; Irget M.E.; Giil A.; Tuncay O.; Eltez R.Z.The research was carried out during the spring seasons of 1996 and 1997 in order to compare effect of open and closed systems with three different cucumber cultivars (Afrodit, Efes and Rawa) grown in vertical and horizontal bags on applied and drained water and nutrient quantities. The study was planned according to a split-split plot design with three replicates. Perlite was used as growing medium. Each vertical and horizontal bag contained one and two plants, respectively with a 8 liters rooting volume per plant. A complete nutrient solution was given daily via drip irrigation system. The quantity of applied and drained nutrient solution was recorded daily, while the NO3-N, NH4-N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn and Cl contents of the solutions were determined weekly. Results obtained indicated that closed system decreased water and nutrient consumption by about 22 % and 35 %, respectively.Öğe Utilization of deficit irrigation programs to improve water management with leaching limitations(International Society for Horticultural Science, 2012) Tuzel I.H.; Tuzel Y.; Oztekin G.B.; Tunali U.; Meric M.K.; Serbes Z.A.This study was carried out during the summer season of 2009 in greenhouse cucumber production at farmer condition in Izmir-Turkey. Two consecutive short cycle crop production was realized. A full irrigation (no stress) and two deficit irrigation treatments in which soil water content was allowed to be depleted to 40% (Deficit 1) and 60% (Deficit 2) of the available water content in the plant root zone, were compared with the local farmer's practice. According to the results, total yield was the highest in Full irrigation treatment followed by Farmer's treatment. Recorded total amount of irrigation water were 653 mm for Full Irrigation, 557 mm for Deficit 1, 445 mm for Deficit 2 and 699 mm for Farmer's treatments. During the automated irrigation period in whole growing season, drainage water was only received from Full irrigation (11 mm) and Farmer's treatments (89 mm). The Water Use Efficiency based on yield and irrigation water applied was the highest in Full irrigation (53.0 kg m -3) whereas it was the lowest in Farmer's treatment (45.0 kg m -3). Calculated average water-saving ratio in controlled irrigation treatments in comparison with farmer practice showed that it could be obtained 15, 14 and 6% water saving with Full irrigation, Deficit 1 and Deficit 2, respectively.
