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    Association of Prototheca species and protothecosis in man and animals
    (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006) Tuney, Inci; Sukatar, Atakan
    Prototheca is an aerobic, achlorophilic and unicellular organism with ovoid shape; it is often confused with yeasts. Prototheca cells are fairly common in a variety of enviroments such as sewage, freshwater, soil, rotting leaves, faeces, skin and various mammals (deer, cat, dog, cattle and humans). Prototheca species are widespread in housing areas, pens and pastures used by dairy cattle and can cause mastitis in dairy cattle. Protothecosis is an uncommon infection of humans and animals. Most infections are clinical and remain as chronic infections. Five species of Prototheca have been identified: P. moriformas, P. stagnora, P. ulmea, P. wickerhamii, P. zopfii; only the last two of these cause infection in humans and animals. Little is known about the ecology of Prototheca. Failure to isolate Prototheca spp. may be explained by the fact that they are readly over-grown by bacteria and fungi when culture is attemped from contaminated sources, as well as the fact that they superficially resemble yeasts. For this reason a specific culture media has been developed for Prototheca spp. (c) 2006 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
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    Effects of external polyamines on DNA under the highest copper toxicity in Ulva lactuca L. and genotoxicity detection by RAPD-PCR assay
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2007) Tuney, Inci; Unal, Dilek; Sukatar, Atakan
    Copper is essential to living organisms, but at elevated concentrations, copper may become toxic for living systems. During this research the effects of copper were evaluated at molecular levels in a marine green algae Ulva lactuca. In addition, the protection role of polyamines against DNA mutations and strand breaks against the copper treatment searched by RAPD-PCR analysis. The main changes observed in the RADP profiles have been resulted both in appearance or disappearance of different bands and variation of their intensity.
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    Locational and organic solvent variation in antimicrobial activities of crude extracts of marine algae from the coast of Izmir (Turkey)
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2007) Tuney, Inci; Cadirci, Bilge Hilal; Unal, Dilek; Sukatar, Atakan
    During this research, a total of 98 extracts from 13 algal species were tested in vitro for antimicrobial activities of algae against Candida sp., Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli using the disc diffusion method. The ability of algae to perform antibacterial and antifungal activity was investigated at three different localities. Cystoseira mediterranea and Ulva rigida were the only algae found in all three sites, and contamination was detected in algae collected from sites I and 3, with antibacterial capacity being highest in those from site 1, where samples were collected during red tide. Extractions were performed with four different solvents - ethanol, methanol, acetone and diethyl ether. In particular, diethyl ether extracts of fresh C mediterranea, Enteromorpha linza, U. rigida, Gracilaria gracilis and Ectocarpus siliculosus appeared to yield better results than those of methanol, ethanol and acetone. However, diethyl ether extracts of some species, such as Padina pavonica, Colpomenia sniosa, Dictyota linearis, Dictyopteris membranacea, Ceramium rubrum, and Acanthophora nojadiformis, gave different results. Methanol extracts of A. nojadiformis showed effective antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa, and methanol extracts of C rubrum showed antifungal and antibacterial activity against Candida sp., E. coli, and P. aeruginosa. Acetone extracts of Hypnea sp. showed antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa, and ethanol extract of Cladophora sp. against E. faecalis only. Some of the collected samples were dried and extracts of fresh and dry samples were compared. Although fresh extracts of G. gracilis and E. siliculosus inhibited the tested microorganisms from populating, their dried extracts had no effect on gram-negative and positive bacteria.
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    MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF PUFFER FISH LAGOCEPHALUS SCELERATUS (GMELIN, 1789) AND LAGOCEPHALUS SPADICEUS (RICHARDSON, 1845) FROM EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN, TURKEY
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2016) Tuney, Inci
    The Mediterranean Sea is home to numerous invasive marine species. The Suez Canal is considered as the major route of migrating Indo-Pacific species known as Lessepsian species, from the Red Sea into the Mediterranean. One of those species Lagocephalus sceleratus and Lagocephalus spadiceus has serious impact on the ecosystem, fisheries and human health within a decade. DNA based methods are frequently preferred and reliable techniques in species identification studies. The 16S rRNA genes and cytochrome b genes are relatively conserved mitochondrial genes, used for this purpose. 16S rRNA gene primers and cytochrome b gene specific pirmers were used to identify Turkish L. sceleratus and L. spadiceus specimens from Gokova Bay via PCR analysis. Obtained gene sequence deposited in GenBank databse. Consequently, it was obtained that cytochrome b gene sequence is more useful than 16S rRNA gene region for identification of L. spadiceus samples while both gene region give reasonable results for L. sceleratus species.
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    Morphological and molecular identification of pennate diatoms isolated from Urla, Izmir, coast of the Aegean Sea
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2013) Kesici, Kutsal; Tuney, Inci; Zeren, Dogus; Guden, Mustafa; Sukatar, Atakan
    Diatoms represent an important class of aquatic phototrophs. They are not only one of the major contributors to global carbon fixation, but they also play a key role in the biogeochemical cycling of silica. Molecular identification methods based on conserved DNA sequences, such as internal transcribed spacer (ITS) have revolutionized our knowledge and understanding of conventional taxonomy. In this study, we aimed to compare the conventional identification methods with molecular identification methods. To do so, we isolated 4 diatom samples from the coast at Urla and characterized them Using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) according to morphological features. Then we amplified ITS regions using a conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequenced the PCR products, and analyzed the sequences using bioinformatic tools. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that the isolated species had high sequence similarity to Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima, Achnanthes taeniata, Amphora coffeaeformis, and Cylindrotheca closterium. We think that molecular identification methods enable rapid and more reliable identification of diatom species and are crucial for monitoring harmful algal blooms.
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    Morphological and molecular identification of pennate diatoms isolated from Urla, Izmir, coast of the Aegean Sea
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2013) Kesici, Kutsal; Tuney, Inci; Zeren, Dogus; Guden, Mustafa; Sukatar, Atakan
    Diatoms represent an important class of aquatic phototrophs. They are not only one of the major contributors to global carbon fixation, but they also play a key role in the biogeochemical cycling of silica. Molecular identification methods based on conserved DNA sequences, such as internal transcribed spacer (ITS) have revolutionized our knowledge and understanding of conventional taxonomy. In this study, we aimed to compare the conventional identification methods with molecular identification methods. To do so, we isolated 4 diatom samples from the coast at Urla and characterized them Using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) according to morphological features. Then we amplified ITS regions using a conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequenced the PCR products, and analyzed the sequences using bioinformatic tools. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that the isolated species had high sequence similarity to Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima, Achnanthes taeniata, Amphora coffeaeformis, and Cylindrotheca closterium. We think that molecular identification methods enable rapid and more reliable identification of diatom species and are crucial for monitoring harmful algal blooms.
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    Risk assessment of cigarette butts and microplastic pollution in a drinking and irrigation water basin of West Anatolia, Türkiye
    (Springer, 2024) Ertas, Alperen; Gokce, Burak; Tuney, Inci
    Cigarette butts (CBs) and Microplastics (MPs) have serious harmful effects on the environment and living organisms despite their small size. This research aims to investigate the abundance and pollution status of CBs and MPs in Tahtal & imath; Dam Basin (West Anatolia, T & uuml;rkiye) which is the most important drinking and irrigation water resources. Clean Environment Index (CEI) and Cigarette Butt Pollution Index (CBPI) were used to determine pollution degree of the basin. The total number of CBs were 1.478 items, the total number of MPs were 477 items/m2 in the basin. As a result of this study, MP particles weren't found in Balaban Stream. Highest number of MP particles observed in 100-250 mu m (45%) size class. The most abundant MP type and colour were, fragment (54%) and white (42%), respectively. Polyethylene terephthalate (50%) was the most abundant type of polymer according to the ATR- FTIR analysis. As a result of the CEI and CBPI, the upstream stations of the stream were classified as clean status, while downstream sampling points of the stream and Balaban Lake coasts were classified as extremely dirty status. The calculated volumes of MP particulates from mining facility, agricultural and recreational activities indicate that anthropogenic factors are the most important MP source in the Tahtal & imath; Dam Basin. This study is the first study about MP and CB pollution of the freshwater ecosystems in the region.