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Öğe Comparison of Ontogenic Development and Digestive Enzymes in Ornamental Goldfish (Carassius auratus auratus L.) Larvae Fed with Decapsulated Cysts and Nauplii of Artemia(Zoological Soc Pakistan, 2014) Hekimoglu, Muge A.; Suzer, Cuneyt; Kop, Aysun; Saka, Sahin; Firat, KursatThe purpose of this study is to compare the growth of goldfish, Carassius auratus auratus L. larvae fed on Artemia nauplii and, decapsuated cyst from 4 days after hatching (DAR) to 40 DAR In detail, specific growth and survival rates, specific activities of tote protease, lipase,. amylase, and chitinase were examined in both experimental groups. At. the end of the study, the highest survival rate was found in the group fed on cyst with 75.60+/-10.72% while the rate of the group fed on Artemia nauplii was found as 72.20+/-13.88%. Specific growth rate was calculated for larvae were-fed by Artemia nauplii and cyst as 11.59+/-8.92%d(-1) and 12.02+/-4.94%.d(-1), respectively. Total protease. activity presented: increased: profile during, the early ontogeny in both experimental group. The highest total protease specific activity was determined on day 34 as 3.81+/-0.26 U/mg protein(-1). in nauplii group. The maximum value for total protease (3.81+/-0.26 U.mg(-1) protein)' and lipase (557.38+/-24.77 mU/mg) specific activities were determined on day 34 in nauplii group (p>0.05). The peak of amylase (2.77+/-0.25 U.mg(-1) protein) and chitinase (769.27+/-74.74 mU.mg(-1) protein) specific activitdes were determined on day 34 in cyst group (p<0.05). Results of the study indicated that feeding, on decapsulated cyst contributed positively, to the larval development goldfish as much as Anemia: nauplii.Öğe Current status of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) and European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) production in Turkey(Turkish Marine Research Foundation-Tudav, 2020) Ozden, Osman; Saka, Sahin; Suzer, Cuneyt[No Abstract Available]Öğe Development of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Sharpsnout Sea Bream (Diplodus puntazzo) Larvae: Histological and Enzymatic Ontogeny(Medwell Online, 2009) Kamaci, H. Okan; Coban, Deniz; Suzer, Cuneyt; Saka, Sahin; Firat, KursatDigestive system ontogeny of the sharpsnout sea bream (Diplodus puntazzo L., 1758) was detected from hatching until 40 Days After Hatching (DAH) using histological techniques and enzymatic assays. At hatching, total length of larvae measured at 2.8 +/- 0.34 mm and it was determined on 40 DAH as 11.84 +/- 1.76 mm. At mouth opening (3 DAH), larvae almost absorbed their yolk-sac reserves. An incipient stomach could be distinguished at 2 DAH. The first evidence of gastric glands development was detected at 28 DAH, increasing in number and size by 33-40 DAH. In the fundic region, gastric gland determined as strogly and mucusal acinar cell accumulates at 30 DAH and the intestinal mucous cells appeared and developed between at 10-28 DAH. Then, functional stomach formation was detected for the first time on 32 DAH supported with sudden increase on activity of acid protease. In terms of digestive protease activity, alkaline protease was detected as early as hatching and also suddenly increased after starting of exogenous feeding. Developmental pattern for alkaline protease demonstrated constant enhancement, until metamorphosis at 25 DAH. After this date, this activity slowly decreased until end of the experiment. In contrast to this, acidic protease activity exhibited relatively lower activities during the early stages. Afterwards, concurrently with the formation of functional stomach at 32 DAH, acid protease activity suddenly >3-fold enhanced and continued to increase until end of the experiment. It is concluded that organogenesis of alimentary tract and ontogeny of digestive proteases in D. puntazzo larvae followed the same general pattern that most Sparidae species.Öğe Development of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Sharpsnout Sea Bream (Diplodus puntazzo) Larvae: Histological and Enzymatic Ontogeny(Medwell Online, 2009) Kamaci, H. Okan; Coban, Deniz; Suzer, Cuneyt; Saka, Sahin; Firat, KursatDigestive system ontogeny of the sharpsnout sea bream (Diplodus puntazzo L., 1758) was detected from hatching until 40 Days After Hatching (DAH) using histological techniques and enzymatic assays. At hatching, total length of larvae measured at 2.8 +/- 0.34 mm and it was determined on 40 DAH as 11.84 +/- 1.76 mm. At mouth opening (3 DAH), larvae almost absorbed their yolk-sac reserves. An incipient stomach could be distinguished at 2 DAH. The first evidence of gastric glands development was detected at 28 DAH, increasing in number and size by 33-40 DAH. In the fundic region, gastric gland determined as strogly and mucusal acinar cell accumulates at 30 DAH and the intestinal mucous cells appeared and developed between at 10-28 DAH. Then, functional stomach formation was detected for the first time on 32 DAH supported with sudden increase on activity of acid protease. In terms of digestive protease activity, alkaline protease was detected as early as hatching and also suddenly increased after starting of exogenous feeding. Developmental pattern for alkaline protease demonstrated constant enhancement, until metamorphosis at 25 DAH. After this date, this activity slowly decreased until end of the experiment. In contrast to this, acidic protease activity exhibited relatively lower activities during the early stages. Afterwards, concurrently with the formation of functional stomach at 32 DAH, acid protease activity suddenly >3-fold enhanced and continued to increase until end of the experiment. It is concluded that organogenesis of alimentary tract and ontogeny of digestive proteases in D. puntazzo larvae followed the same general pattern that most Sparidae species.Öğe Early Morphological Development and Allometric Growth Patterns in Hatchery-Reared Red Porgy (Pagrus pagrus)(Central Fisheries Research Inst, 2014) Yildirim, Sukru; Coban, Deniz; Suzer, Cuneyt; Kirim, Birsen; Firat, Kursat; Saka, SahinMorphological development and allometric growth were investigated in the red porgy, Pagrus pagrus, during larval development until the end of weaning at 46 days after hatching (DAH). Total length (TL) of newly hatched larvae was 2.77 +/- 0.09 mm (mean +/- SE). Onset of exogenous feeding occurred at 4 DAH (3.74 +/- 0.13 mm TL). Initial swimbladder inflation occured at 10 DAH (4.22 +/- 0.18 mm TL) and post-inflation became more elongate at 16 DAH (4.95 +/- 0.26 mm TL). Notochord flexion occurred between 22 DAH (5.56 +/- 0.43 mm TL) and 34 DAH (8.22 +/- 0.63 mm TL). At the end of the weaning at 46 DAH, TL of larvae was 15.81 +/- 1.36 mm According to individual measurements of a total of 1026 larvae of 18 body parameters for allometric growth, in 19 of 35 respective regression equations, the allometry coefficients were positive, while coefficients of 7 equations showed negative allometry. The majority of all allometric changes from inflection point were expressed during the larval stage and were integrated with the metamorphosis stage. Inflections in body proportion changes occurred mainly at TL values of 3.74, 4.22 and 5.56 mm, coinciding with mouth opening, initial swimbladder inflation and flexion of notochord, respectively.Öğe Early Weaning of Sea Bass (D. labrax) Larvae: Effects on Growth Performance and Digestive Enzyme Activities(Central Fisheries Research Inst, 2011) Suzer, Cuneyt; Kamaci, H. Okan; Coban, Deniz; Saka, Sahin; Firat, Kursat; Karacaoglan, ArifIn this study, effects of early weaning of sea bass (D. labrax) by microparticulate food on larval development and digestive enzyme activities, acid protease and alkaline protease were investigated until day 40. Larval rearing was conducted in closed sea water systems. Experiments were triplicated on 3 different weaning protocol that introduced on day 15 (MD 15), day 20 (MD20) and day 25 (MD25) and also no microparticulate diet (MD) distributed in the control group. At the end of the experiment at 40-day, larval growth was calculated and the best values were obtained from MD25. Statistical differences among groups were not important (P>0.05) whereas MD15 was found different than the other groups (P<0.05). Also, survival rates were calculated as 3.6%, 14.7%, 43.6%, and 34.1% for the experimental groups, respectively. MD15 and MD20 groups were found different than the other groups (P<0.05). Nevertheless, activity of alkaline protease was detected synchronously by mouth opening and exogenous feeding and also increased by larval development. According to histological analysis, pancreas was observed by mouth opening and similarly developed with increasing of larval age. Alkaline protease activity changed by nutritional composition of feed and especially shifting of feed affected the enzymatic activity. There was no differences among the experimental groups (P>0.05) while control group was found statistically different (P<0.05). According to histological analysis, gastric glands and formation of functional stomach were observed on day 24-25 in all experimental groups. Acid protease activity firstly detected at 25 DAH. Control group was found different than the other groups (P<0.05). Finally, in terms of both growth parameters and survival rate and digestive enzyme activities it is clearly concluded that MD supplementation could be started after 25 DAH in D. lahrax larviculture.Öğe Effect of different protein sources on protease activity of northern pike, Esox lucius Linneaus 1758, juvenile(Ege Univ, Fac Fisheries, 2020) Gokcek, Kaya; Szabo, Tamas; Suzer, CuneytThe aim of the study is to determine the inhibitory effect of different protein sources on protease activity of Northern pike, E. lucius, during larval ontogeny. For this purpose, Northern pike were fed from yolk sac absorption until 21 days after hatching (DAH). At that point, larvae were sampled on 7, 14 and 21 DAH days and the activity of enzyme was analyzed in vitro. in the study, two different fish meal, chicken meal, krill meal, corn gluten, soybean protein concentrate, soybean meal and dried distillers grains with solubles were tested. Fish meal-I showed the lowest effect (7.53 %) on 7 DAH larvae. Moreover, chicken meal has the highest inhibitory effect on the proteases in the first week (68.27%). in the following period (DAH 14), although the inhibition ratio dramatically increased in all ingredients, fish meal-I has still the lowest effect on proteolytic activity (55.66%). in the same period, the highest effect was obtained from krill (82.28 %) and chicken meals (86.73 %), respectively. Then, there was no statistical difference between fish meal-I, fish meal-II and corn gluten in the 21 DAH and relatively lower than the others (p>0.05). Additionally, chicken meal again has the highest effect on juveniles with the ratio 89.27 %. As a result, the increase of proteolytic activity was notably increased in 7-14-21 DAH, however, it is concluded that feeding larvae and juveniles with live prey is still suggested to get better result for such a carnivorous species culture.Öğe Effect of Some Morphometric Characteristics on Egg Quality in Common Dentex, Dentex dentex (Linnaeus, 1758)(Central Fisheries Research Inst, 2011) Coban, Deniz; Kamaci, H. Okan; Suzer, Cuneyt; Yildirim, Sukru; Arda, Gokhan; Korkut, A. Yildirim; Saka, Sahin; Firat, KursatIn this study, egg quality determination of common dentex (Dentex dentex) was investigated by using egg, yolk and oil globule diameter from the first division to the hatching, during natural and photoperiodic manipulation of spawning time. In the viable, floating eggs, the minimal and maximal diameter of the egg, yolk and oil globule were measured. Based on these measurements several parameters were calculated describing the shape of the egg, yolk and oil globule and the size relationship between these compartments. Hatching rate was calculated as 92% in natural spawning time (NST) and 61% photoperiodic manipulation of spawning time (PMST). Also, average egg diameter was measured as 0.949 +/- 0.038 mm in NST and 0.911 +/- 0.014 mm in PMST. In NST, egg diameter and yolk diameter of the eggs were significantly bigger than eggs in PMST (P<0.05). The morphometric parameters of oil globule could be accepted as an indicator for description of quality criteria of eggs.Öğe Effects of 17 beta-estradiol Hormone on Growth and Sex Differentiation in the Mozambique Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus, Peters, 1852)(Istanbul Univ Press, Fac Aquatic Sciences, 2019) Koyakomanda, Karl Christofer Kingueleoua; Firat, Muamer Kursat; Suzer, Cuneyt; Engin, Serhat; Hekimoglu, Muge; Saygi, Hulya; Ozden, Osman; Gulec, Fatih; Saka, SahinIn this study, the effects of 17-beta-estradiol hormone on the zootechnic performances and sex ratio of Mozambique Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus. Peters, 1852) fry were investigated in order to initially produce functional phenotypical females and then super males. To this end, different E2 concentrations (50, 100, 150 and 200 ppm) were tested over a period of 45 days in a closed recirculating system. The evaluations showed that the female ratio was significantly (p value=0.04 and alpha=0.05) higher in all treatment groups ranging from 61.90% to 86.36% compared to the control group. Growth was significantly higher (F value=22.78 and p value=0.00) in the control group compared to the treatment ones.Öğe Effects of early weaning on growth and digestive enzyme activity in larvae of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.)(Israeli Journal Of Aquaculture-Bamidgeh, 2007) Suzer, Cuneyt; Firat, Kursat; Saka, Sahin; Karacaoglan, ArifThe influence of early weaning on digestive enzymes, growth, and survival in sea bass larvae were investigated. Larvae were reared in a closed sea water system and first fed Artemia nauplii eight days after hatching. Three weaning periods were compared by introducing a microparticulate diet on day 15, 20, or 25. The control continued to be fed only Artemia. The lowest growth and survival rates were obtained in the 15-day group while the highest were in the 25-day group. After weaning, protease activities (trypsin, chymotrypsin, elastase, pepsin) dropped in all groups, indicating malnutrition. Amylase activity slightly increased in all experimental groups due to the higher starch content in the microparticulate diet than in Artemia and the absolute and relative lipid contents were lower in groups fed the microparticulate diet. Lipase activity suddenly dropped after weaning but slightly rose from day 35 until the end of the experiment (day 40). Due to decreased larvae development, survival, and digestive enzyme activity, weaning at 20 days after hatching, synchronous to formation of the stomach and enzymatic activity, is strongly recommended.Öğe Effects of Illumination Intensity on Growth Parameters and Swim Bladder Development in Common dentex (Dentex dentex, L.) Larvae(Central Fisheries Research Inst, 2013) Yildirim, Sukru; Suzer, Cuneyt; Coban, Deniz; Kamaci, H. Okan; Firat, Kursat; Saka, SahinThe influences of three different light intensities were investigated on growth of common dentex (Dentex dentex) during larval period (0-35 day). Three different illumination levels were compared that 10 lx as group A, 30 lx described group B and 100 lx named group C in triplicates, respectively. Larvae were cultured in a recirculating aquaculture system using a green water technique. The longest total length and the heaviest weight were found as 18.43 +/- 1.9 mm and 38.48 +/- 5.1 mg in group B with 30 lx light intensity. Same parameters were 18.03 +/- 2.5 mm and 36.72 +/- 4.8 mg for group C with 100 lx light intensity; 16.23 +/- 1.7 mm and 28.53 +/- 4.2 mg for group A with 10 lx light intensity. In terms of total length and weight, there were significant differences in group A (P<0.05), however, differences were not detected between B and C groups (P>0.05). Also, swim bladder inflation rates were calculated as 88.3 +/- 2.7, 92.1 +/- 1.6 and 91.4 +/- 1.3% for groups A, B and C, respectively and did not presented significant differences among groups (P>0.05). In addition, survival rates were 8.8 +/- 3.1, 23.5 +/- 2.5 and 19.9 +/- 2.8%, respectively. While not significant differences were found between group B and C (P>0.05), but group A presented significantly difference compared to other groups (P<0.05). As a result, it is thought that illumination effected husbandry parameters were more affirmative with 30 lx light intensity in Dentex dentex under culture conditions.Öğe Effects of illumination on early life development and digestive enzyme activities in common pandora Pagellus erythrinus L. larvae(Elsevier Science Bv, 2006) Suzer, Cuneyt; Saka, Sahin; Firat, KursatThe activities of main digestive enzyme (proteases, amylase and lipase) and animal husbandry (mainly growth and survival) were studied in common pandora Pagellus erythrinus larvae until 30 days after hatching (DAH). Three different illumination levels (10, 30 and 100 lx) were compared in triplicate and green water technique was carried out. At the end of the experiment, illumination did not affect neither survival nor growth except 10 lx treatment. Similarly, specific growth rate (SGR) was different in 10 lx treatment (p < 0.05), although no differences were found in group 30 and 100 lx treatments (p > 0.05). In all groups, trypsin and chymotrypsin specific activities were firstly detected on day 3 related with mouth opening and slightly increased until 20 and 25 DAH respectively, and after this date specific activities of those decreased. Although, there was a significant difference between 10 lx treatment and other experimental groups (p < 0.05), no differences were found in other treatments (p > 0.05). Pepsin was firstly detected on day 25 related with stomach formation and sharp increase was observed until 30 DAH and then slight decrease was measured from this date and no differences were found between all groups. Amylase was firstly determined on day 2 and increased to day 5. After this date, slight decreases were measured in all groups and continued until end of experiments. The highest specific activity of amylase was determined in 30 lx treatment and no significant differences were found between groups (p > 0.05). Lipase was firstly detected on day 4 and increased to day 10. Then, activity of lipase decreased until day 15 and increased again until 25 DAH. Slight decreases were found in all groups until day 30 and continued to end of experiments. No significant differences were detected among groups (p > 0.05). Finally, the significant improvement in survival, larval development and specific enzyme activities of larvae were determined in 30 lx treated group. It is thought that this phenomenon is related to optimal keeping conditions provided by the medium illumination level for Pagellus erythrinus larvae. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Effects of Probiotic (Bacillus sp.) Supplementation during Larval Development of Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata, L.)(Central Fisheries Research Inst, 2013) Arig, Nihan; Suzer, Cuneyt; Gokvardar, Alize; Basaran, Fatih; Coban, Deniz; Yildirim, Sukru; Kamaci, H. Okan; Firat, Kursat; Saka, SahinIn this study, the effects of administration of commercial probiotic, Bacillus sp., were examined on growth parameters and digestive proteases (alkaline and acid proteases) activities in gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata, during larval development until on day 40. Probiotics were supplemented in triplicate from on day 3 coinciding with starting of exogenous feeding. In the experimental group, probiotic was introduced to rotifer and tank water until 20 days after hatching. Also, control group did not receive probiotic. In experimental group, the specific activities of alkaline protease was significantly higher (p<0.05) in larvae compared to control group. Acid protease activity was not effected by probiotic supplementation however, it was relatively higher in experimental group than the control (p>0.05). Additionally, no significant differences were found in both survival (8.5% higher) and specific growth rate (0.7% higher) larvae of S. aurata that had probiotic supplemented by rotifer with water as compared to controls (p>0.05). Consequently, specific activities of alkaline and acid protease could be significantly increased by the administration of Bacillus sp. to live food with water the and therefore; this method would be more effective for obtaining of relatively better growth parameters and nutritional condition in S. aurata larvae.Öğe Effects of Water Temperature on Sex Differentiation and Growth Parameters of the Mozambique Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus, Peters, 1852)(Istanbul Univ Press, Fac Aquatic Sciences, 2019) Koyakomanda, Karl Christofer Kingueleoua; Firat, Muamer Kursat; Suzer, Cuneyt; Engin, Serhat; Hekimoglu, Muge; Saygi, Hulya; Ozden, Osman; Gulec, Fatih; Saka, SahinIn this study, the effects of water temperature on growth, survival rate, gonad development and sex ratios of Mozambique Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) were studied by applying different temperature applications (28, 30, 32, 34 and 36 degrees C) for a single period of 40 days. At the end of the study, in the control group (28 degrees C), the males proportion was 47.62%. In fishes reared at 30 degrees C, average male ratio was found as 73.68%. The highest male proportion was obtained in the 36 degrees C temperature group (86.67%). Growth performances, feed utilization and gonad development were found to increase with elevating temperatures up to 34 degrees C unlike the survival rate which has been found to fall with higher temperatures. In this study, sex differentiation rates differed significantly between all groups (p< 0.05). However, the highest male rate obtained in group A and D. As hypothesized, results suggest that fish performed better at 30-32 degrees C than 28 degrees C or 34-36 degrees C water temperature and the optimum temperature for a better expression of growth parameters in Mozambique Tilapia could be 30 degrees C.Öğe Enzymatic Characteristics and Growth Parameters of Ornamental Koi Carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Koi) Larvae Fed by Artemia Nauplii and Cysts(Central Fisheries Research Inst, 2014) Hekimoglu, Muge Aliye; Suzer, Cuneyt; Saka, Sahin; Firat, KursatThe purpose of this study was to compare the larval growth and digestive enzyme activities of koi carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Koi) larvae fed on Artemia nauplii (AN) and decapsulated cyst (ADC). The experiment was carried out in triplicate and lasted 27 days. Specific growth and survival rates, specific activities of total protease, lipase, amylase and chitinase were examined in experimental groups. At the end of the experiment for group fed with AN total length, weight and SGR were 20.56 +/- 3.23 mm, 0.9 +/- 0.05 g and 2.03 % d(-1), respectively and for group fed with ADC it was 28.16 +/- 4.81 mm, 0.28 +/- 0.16 g and 6.02 d (1) (P<0.05). However, survival rates in the group fed on ADC was 98.88 % while in the group fed on AN was 97.77 % (P>0.05). Besides, there were significant differences on specific enzyme activities (total protease, amylase, chitinase, lipase) (P<0.05). Obtained results suggested that koi larvae fed by ADC presented relatively higher growth parameters.Öğe Enzymatic, skeletal, and histological ontogeny of shi drum (Umbrina cirrosa) larvae under intensive culture conditions (vol 49, 351, 2023)(Springer, 2023) Karacaoglan, Arif; Firat, Kursat; Hekimoglu, Muge Aliye; Saka, Sahin; Suzer, Cuneyt; Midilli, Sema; Kirim, Birsen[No abstract available]Öğe Evaluation of occupational health and safety risk factors in Turkish marine fish hatcheries(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Uyumsal, Selcuk; Firat, M. Kursat; Saka, Sahin; Suzer, Cuneyt; Hekimoglu, Muge Aliye; Saygi, Hulya; Turk, MeralIn this study, the approaches of employees in marine fish hatcheries to occupational health and safety were determined. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated as 0.858 in the reliability of the scale and scale factors based on internal consistency. In addition,factor analysis according to the varimax method was found to be approximately 64%. It was determined that 68% of the employees were not aware of the relevant laws. In addition,85% of the employees are aware of the dangers and risks in their workplaces. In the event of a negative situation in the workplace,the rate of those who know their legal rights is 73% (p <= 0.05). In addition,91% of the employees stated that they would use their right to object in a risky situation and quit the job. Sixty per cent of the employees stated that their jobs can satisfy them sociologically and economically throughout their life.Öğe External morphology of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) related to sexual dimorphism(Tubitak Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2011) Coban, Deniz; Yildirim, Sukru; Kamaci, H. Okan; Suzer, Cuneyt; Saka, Sahin; Firat, KursatThe relationships among 15 morphometric measurements in 219 aliquots of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) were examined with respect to sexual dimorphism. The ratio of females to males was determined as 1:5.1 and gonadosomatic indices (%) were found for males (2.13 +/- 0.86) and females (3.63 +/- 1.18). There were 4 morphometric characteristics that differed between genders: ventral margin of cleithrum (VMC), postanal fin length (post-AFL), postdorsal fin length (post-DFL), and preanal fin length (pre-AFL). Although there were significant differences between morphometric characteristics (post-AFL, post-DFL, pre-AFL) and total length, no significant differences were found in the VMC. These average ratios were determined as pre-AFL to TL 0.61 female, 0.71 male; post-AFL to TL 0.72 female, 0.84 male; post-DFL to TL 0.68 female, 0.81 male, respectively. The aim of this study was to investigate if sexual differences could affect external morphology in cultured seabass and, additionally, to determine sexual dimorphism related to morphological differences during the maturation and spawning seasons in this species.Öğe Functional changes in digestive enzyme activities of meagre (Argyrosomus regius; Asso, 1801) during early ontogeny(Springer, 2013) Suzer, Cuneyt; Kamaci, H. Okan; Coban, Deniz; Yildirim, Sukru; Firat, Kursat; Saka, SahinThe ontogenesis of main pancreatic and intestinal enzymes was investigated in the recent promising Mediterranean candidate species of meagre, Argyrosomus regius, during larval development until 40 days after hatching (DAH). The green-water technique was carried out for larval rearing. Whole-body homogenates were used for enzymatic analysis in larvae younger than 15 DAH; after this date, older larvae were dissected into two segments as pancreatic and intestinal segment. Trypsin was detected as early as hatching and sharply increased concurrently with age and exogenous feeding 15 DAH, but constant decline was observed until the end of experiment. Amylase was determined at 2 DAH and sharply increased 10 DAH. Then, slight decreases were found between 10 and 15 DAH, and then slow alterations were continued until the end of the experiment. Lipase was firstly measured on day 3; then, sudden decline was observed between 20 and 25 DAH. After this date, slow fluctuations were maintained until the end of the experiment. Pepsin was firstly assayed 15 DAH related to gastric gland secretion and sharply increased 30 DAH. Then, it slowly varied until end of the experiment. Enzymes of brush border membranes, alkaline phosphatase and aminopeptidase N showed similar pattern on specific activities during the first 10 days. Thereafter, while specific activity of alkaline phosphatase slightly decreased 15 and fluctuated until 20 DAH, aminopeptidase N activity slowly increased 20 DAH. Then, activity of alkaline phosphatase and aminopeptidase N constantly increased 30 DAH, indicating maturation of the intestinal digestive process, and also, these activities continued to slowly increase until the end of the experiment. The specific activity of cytosolic peptidase, leucine-alanine peptidase, smoothly increased on day 8, then fluctuated until 15 DAH. After this date, in contrast to enzymes of brush border membranes, it sharply decreased 25 DAH and continued to gradually decline until the end of the experiment. These converse expressions were indicative of a maturation of enterocytes and the transition of an adult mode of digestion.Öğe Impact of probiotic Bacillus sp. dietary supplementation on pancreatic and intestinal activities in seabream Sparus aurata(Oxford University Press, 2024) Yildirim, Sukru; Suzer, Cuneyt; Firat, Kursat; Saka, Sahin; Hekimoglu, Muge; Coban, Deniz; Korkut, Ali Yildirim; Kose, Ibrahim; Antepli, Onurkan; Gokvardar, AlizeThe main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of commercial probiotic Bacillus sp. supplementation on seabream Sparus aurata larviculture under culture conditions. In this context, Bacillus was supplemented via rotifer feeding and water and its effects on pancreatic and intestinal enzyme activities as well as aquaculture parameters were evaluated during early life development. In the experimental group, as probiotic three Bacillus sp. spores were introduced via rotifer and larval culture tanks, while the larvae in control group did not feed any probiotic supplementation. At the end of the experiment on 40 days after hatching, the probiotic-supplemented group exhibited better growth performance and there were statistically differences in between groups of probiotic-treated and control regarding growth parameters (P < 0.01), despite insignificant survival rate (P > 0.05). In terms of enzymatic expressions, S. aurata larvae receiving probiotic supplementation through rotifers demonstrated noteworthy (P < 0.05) enhancements in specific activities of pancreatic and intestinal enzymes, except for amylase (P > 0.05), when compared to the control group. It is concluded that the administration of Bacillus sp. as probiotic bacteria through rotifer supplementation and water intake demonstrates significant positive impacts on both growth parameters and specific activities of main pancreatic and intestinal enzymes of seabream larvae.
