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    Osteoporotic vertebral fractures: radiologic diagnosis, clinical and radiologic factors affecting surgical decision making: WFNS spine committee recommendations
    (Edizioni Minerva Medica, 2022) Sih, Ibet M.; Shimokawa, Nobuyuki; Zileli, Mehmet; Fornari, Mauricio; Parthiban, Jutty
    INTRODUCTION: With the varied literature on osteoporotic vertebral fracture that may predispose to diagnostic and management dilemma, it is timely to evaluate and streamline the evidence. The aim of this review is to create recommendations on osteoporotic vertebral fractures regarding radiologic diagnosis, and clinical and radiological factors affecting surgical decision making. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A computerized literature search was done using PubMed, Google scholar and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from 2010 to 2020. For radiologic diagnosis, the keywords osteoporotic vertebral fractures and radiologic diagnosis were used yielding 394 articles (19 relevant articles). For clinical and radiological factors affecting surgical decision making, the keywords osteoporotic vertebral fractures, radiologic diagnosis, and surgery were used yielding 568 articles (25 relevant articles). EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: All pertinent data were reviewed, and consensus statements were obtained in two virtual separate consensus meetings of the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) Spine committee. The statements were voted and yielded positive or negative consensus using the Delphi method. CONCLUSIONS: This review summarizes the WFNS Spine Committee recommendations on the radiologic diagnosis, and clinical and radiological factors affecting surgical decision making of osteoporotic vertebral fractures.
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    Pharmacologic and Regenerative Cell Therapy for Spinal Cord Injury: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations
    (Korean Spinal Neurosurgery Soc, 2020) Takami, Toshihiro; Shimokawa, Nobuyuki; Parthiban, Jutty; Zileli, Mehmet; Ali, Sheena
    This is a review article examining the pharmacologic and regenerative cell therapy for spinal cord injury. A literature search during last 10 years were conducted using key words. Case reports, experimental (nonhuman) studies, papers other than English language were excluded. Up-to-date information on the pharmacologic and regenerative cell therapy for spinal cord injury was reviewed and statements were produced to reach a consensus in 2 separate consensus meeting of WFNS Spine Committee. The statements were voted and reached a consensus using Delphi method. Pharmacologic and regenerative cell therapy for spinal cord injury have long been an interest of many experimental and clinical researches. Clinical studies with methylpredinisolone have not shown clear cut benefit. Other drugs such as Rho inhibitor, minocycline, riluzole, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor have also been tried without significant benefits. Regenerative cell therapy using different types of stem cells, different inoculation techniques, and scaffolds have undergone many trials highlighting the efficacies of cells and their limitations. This review article summarizes the current knowledge on pharmacologic and regenerative cell therapy for spinal cord injury. Unfortunately, there is a need for further experimental and human trials to recommend effective pharmacologic and regenerative cell therapy.
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    Upper Cervical Spine Trauma: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations
    (Korean Spinal Neurosurgery Soc, 2020) Alves, Oscar L.; Pereira, Leopoldina; Kim, Se-Hoon; Grin, Andrey; Shimokawa, Nobuyuki; Konovalov, Nikolay; Zileli, Mehmet
    Craniovertebral junction (CVJ) trauma is a challenging clinical condition. Being a highly mobile functional unit at the junction of the skull and the vertebral column, traumatic events in this area may produce devastating neurological complications and death. Additionally, many of the CVJ traumatic injuries can be left undiagnosed or even raise difficult treatment dilemmas. We present a literature review in the format of recommendations on the diagnosis and management of different scenarios for upper cervical trauma and produce recommendations, which can be applicable to various areas of the globe.