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    Evaluation of Fire Blight (Erwinia amylovora) Disease Reaction of Pear Hybrid Combinations
    (Ankara Univ, Fac Agr, 2017) Evrenosoglu, Yasemin; Misirli, Adalet; Aysan, Yesim; Saygili, Hikmet; Boztepe, Ozlem; Horuz, Sumer; Bilgin, Nihal Acarsoy; Bilen, Emre; Baykul, Ali
    Fire blight caused by pathogenic bacterium Erwinia amylovora, is the serious disease of pear. Since there is no effective chemical management to this disease except antibiotic-type compounds, it is very important to improve new fire blight resistant cultivars. In this research, it was aimed to select and develop fire blight resistant pear types and to determine fire blight susceptibility levels of pear hybrids, obtained from different projects. Hybrid plants were inoculated by shoot injections twice each year. Evaluations were made through necrotic shoot rate and susceptibility levels of hybrids were determined. During the experiments, 7036 hybrid pear seedlings inoculated, and 12.28% of them were found as "very low susceptibility" (A), 3.62% as "low susceptibility" (B) classes.
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    Evaluation of Susceptibility of Different Pear Hybrid Populations to Fire Blight (Erwinia amylovora)
    (Univ Agr Sci & Veterinary Med Cluj-Napoca, 2011) Evrenosoglu, Yasemin; Misirli, Adalet; Saygili, Hikmet; Bilen, Emre; Boztepe, Ozlem; Acarsoy, Nihal
    Fire blight disease caused by pathogenic bacterium Erwinia amylovora, is the serious disease of pear, and there is not a certain chemical management against this disease except antibiotic-type compounds such as streptomycin. It is very important to improve new fire blight resistant cultivars in case of integrated disease management. With this purpose, different crosses have been made between Pyrus communis varieties that have good fruit characteristics and resistant cultigens. Besides, self and open pollination treatments have been carried out in maternal plants. The disease resistance level of the hybrids obtained from these combinations was determined by artificial inoculations by Erwinia amylovora in greenhouse conditions. A total of 3284 hybrids were inoculated, and 2631 of them survived and were distributed to different susceptibility classes. 19.88% of the inoculated hybrids was killed by Erwinia amylovora. Total distribution of the hybrids to susceptibility classes was as 6.18% in class "A- slightly susceptible", 3.11% in class "B- less susceptible", 8.89% in class "C- mid-susceptible", 20.28% in class "D- susceptible; and 61.54% in class "E- very susceptible". Majority of class "A- slightly susceptible" hybrids were obtained from 'Magness' x 'Ankara' combination. 'Kieffer' a 'Santa Maria', 'Kieffer' open pollination, 'Magness' x Aka; 'Magness' a 'Kieffer', 'Magness' x 'Santa Maria', 'Mustafa Bey' x 'Moonglow' treatments displayed good results with respect to 'A- slightly susceptible" character. It is very important to evaluate these hybrid pear populations through different fruit and tree characteristics in the future.
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    Integrated disease management in processing tomato in Turkey
    (International Society Horticultural Science, 2007) Saygili, Hikmet; Tosun, Necip; Tuerkuesay, Hueseyin; BChir, A; Colvine, S
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    POTENTIAL OF BACTERIOPHAGES TO CONTROL BACTERIAL SPECK OF TOMATO (PSEUDOMONAS SYRINGAE pv. TOMATO)
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2018) Cement, Aziz; Saygili, Hikmet; Horuz, Sumer; Aysan, Yesim
    Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), is one of the widely grown vegetable crop throught the world. The bacterium, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst), causes bacterial speck disease on tomatoes. Several control strategies are performed for disease management. As a strategy, bacteriophages, are natural enemies of bacteria and extremely specific to their targeted hosts without affecting any other bacteria. In this study, isolation of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato-lysing bacteriophages, potential of bacteriophages as biological control agents and efficacy of phages on other tomato infecting and saprophytic bacteria were investigated. Samples of tomato plants with typical symptoms of bacterial speck disease were collected from 17 tomato fields, 12 greenhouses and four nurseries in Adana and Mersin provinces in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey. The plaques (inhibition zones) were observed after 36 hours of incubation, and 47 putative bacteriophages were purified. Among the obtained bacteriophages, phage PH 33 isolate was completely (100 %) suppressed the growth of pathogen and increased the germination rate by %14.6, whereas the phage PH 34 was suppressed the pathogen by 65.8 % and increased the germination rate by 21.6 %. These phages (PH 33 and PH 34) had no inhibition effect on the other tomato bacterial diseases and the saprophytic bacterial flora on tomatoes. Both bacteriophages were specific to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed study about isolation of bacteriophages against Pst and efficacy of bacteriophages for biocontrol of Pst in Turkey.