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    ANTIFUNGAL COTTON FABRIC VIA MOLECULAR ENCAPSULATION OF TERBINAFINE
    (Editura Acad Romane, 2014) Erkan, Gokhan; Sariisik, Merih; Pazarlioglu, Nurdan Kasikara
    The aim of the study was to investigate inclusion complex formation of terbinafine, an allylamine based antifungal pharmaceutical agent, by spray drying and kneading, and its grafting onto cotton fabric. Terbinafine was introduced in monochlorotriazine-beta-cyclodextrin in 3 different molar ratios. The products were obtained by spray drying and kneading. The products were analyzed by X-ray diffractometry, differential scanning calorimetry and FTIR spectroscopy. Terbinafine and monochlorotriazine-beta-cyclodextrin in 1:3 molar ratio presented evidence of inclusion complex formation by both spray drying and kneading methods. The inclusion complex was applied to 100% cotton fabric by the padding method. Then the fabric was subjected to different numbers of washing cycles. N percentage of the fabrics was determined by C, H, N, S elemental analysis to evaluate washing durability. Antifungal strength against Trichophyton rubrum was observed even after 15 washing cycles.
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    Design of orthopedic support material containing diclofenac sodium microparticles: preparation and characterization of microparticles and application to orthopedic support material
    (Sage Publications Ltd, 2013) Sariisik, Merih; Arici, Mesut; Topbas, Ozlem; Karavana, Sinem Yaprak; Ozturk, Cihat; Ertan, Gokhan
    The aim of this study is preparation and characterization of diclofenac sodium microparticles and their application to the orthopedic support materials. The microparticles were obtained using spray drying method involving ethyl cellulose as shell material. The morphology, particle size, drug loading capacity and in vitro release characteristics of the drug microparticles were optimized for impregnation diclofenac sodium microparticles onto the orthopedic support materials. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the drug microparticles and the treated fabrics with microparticles. SEM images illustrated that the microparticles were spherical in shape and also fixed onto the orthopedic support materials. Furthermore, the resistance of materials containing microparticles to washing were also investigated. Finally, in vitro drug release studies of microparticles and textile impregnated with microparticles were done. This study suggested that textile systems containing diclofenac sodium microparticles could have a potential for long-term therapy for rheumatic disorders.
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    Layer by layer assembly of antibacterial inclusion complexes
    (Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2016) Ugur, Sule; Sariisik, Merih; Turkoglu, Gizem; Erkan, Gokhan; Erden, Emre
    Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to create a textile material which shows antibacterial activity with resistance to environmental conditions by using volatile active agent inclusion complex and self-assembly method. Design/methodology/approach - An inclusion complex of carvacrol and beta-CD is generated by kneading method and deposited on the cotton fabrics by using a nanofabrication method named as layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition method. Three different concentration of CD and CD: Car aqueous solutions were deposited on cotton fabrics. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), antimicrobial efficacy test of fabrics against washing and some physical tests (water vapor permeability, air permeability) were performed on the fabrics before and after the treatment with CD to evaluate the effect of the LbL process on cotton fabric properties. Findings - The results showed that the coated fabrics with CD/CD: Car multilayer films enhanced the antimicrobial efficacy of cotton fabrics against to Klebsiella pneumonia and Staphylococus aureus bacteria. Air and water vapor permeability properties of the cotton fabric effected after the LbL deposition process sure enough. With SEM and FTIR-ATR analysis the CD: Car complex presence were verified. The durability of antibacterial properties were analyzed after one and ten washing (40 degrees C and 30 min) cycles. Originality/value - This work provides a novel and simple method for CD and inclusion complex of carvacrol film deposition by self-assembly method on cotton fabrics and their application onto cotton fabrics to gain antibacterial property.
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    The Microencapsulation of Terbinafine via In Situ Polymerization of Melamine-Formaldehyde and Their Application to Cotton Fabric
    (Wiley, 2010) Erkan, Gokhan; Sariisik, Merih; Pazarlioglu, Nurdan Kasikara
    In this study an antifungal pharmaceutical agent, terbinafine, was microencapsulated by using in situ polymerization. The polymerization was carried out at four mole ratio level and preparations were applied to the 100% cotton fabric. X-ray diffractometry, DSC, FTIR, BET, contact angle measurements, particle size distribution and imaging techniques were performed. Best results were obtained in the case of 8 : 1 mole ratio. Strength of microcapsule applied fabrics to washing and fungus were also determined. After 25 washing cycle, microcapsules were still in the fabric and had antifungal properties against A. niger. Antifungal strength against T. rubrum was observed up to 15 washing cycles. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. I Appl Polym Sci 118: 3707-3714, 2010
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    Modifying of Cotton Fabric Surface with Nano-ZnO Multilayer Films by Layer-by-Layer Deposition Method
    (Springer, 2010) Ugur, Sule S.; Sariisik, Merih; Aktas, A. Hakan; Ucar, M. Cigdem; Erden, Emre
    ZnO nanoparticle-based multilayer nanocomposite films were fabricated on cationized woven cotton fabrics via layer-by-layer molecular self-assembly technique. For cationic surface charge, cotton fabrics were pretreated with 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (EP3MAC) by pad-batch method. XPS and SEM were used to examine the deposited nano-ZnO multilayer films on the cotton fabrics. The nano-ZnO films deposited on cotton fabrics exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The results also showed that the coated fabrics with nano-ZnO multilayer films enhanced the protection of cotton fabrics from UV radiation. Physical tests (tensile strength of weft and warp yarns, air permeability and whiteness values) were performed on the fabrics before and after the treatment with ZnO nanoparticles to evaluate the effect of layer-by-layer (LbL) process on cotton fabrics properties.
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    Preparation of naproxen-ethyl cellulose microparticles by spray-drying technique and their application to textile materials
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2014) Arici, Mesut; Topbas, Ozlem; Karavana, Sinem Yaprak; Ertan, Gokhan; Sariisik, Merih; Ozturk, Cihat
    The objective of this study is to develop a new textile-based drug delivery system containing naproxen (NAP) microparticles and to evaluate the potential of the system as the carrier of NAP for topical delivery. Microparticles were prepared by spray-drying using an aqueous ethyl cellulose dispersion. The drug content and entrapment efficiency, particle size and distribution, particle morphology and in vitro drug release characteristics of microparticles were optimized for the application of microparticles onto the textile fabrics. Microparticles had spherical shape in the range of 10-15 mu m and a narrow particle size distribution. NAP encapsulated in microparticles was in the amorphous or partially crystalline nature. Microparticles were tightly fixed onto the textile fabrics. In vitro drug release exhibited biphasic release profile with an initial burst followed by a very slow release. Skin permeation profiles were observed to follow near zero-order release kinetics.
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    Production of wheat germ oil containing multilayer hydrogel dressing
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2021) Turkoglu, Gizem Ceylan; Sariisik, Merih; Karavana, Sinem Yaprak; Koseme, Fadime Aydin
    A composite wound dressing has been developed by combining different layers consisting of polymers and textiles. Wheat germ oil (WGO) loaded hydrogels have successfully formed on textile nonwovens by cross-linking sodium alginate (SA) with poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDGE). Following freeze-drying, textilehydrogel composites have been examined according to their physical properties, pH, fluid handling capacity, water vapour permeability, morphology, chemical structure, and cytotoxicity. Hydrogels containing WGO swelled less than pristine hydrogels. Samples with 1% WGO and no WGO showed swelling of 5.9 and 10.5 g/g after 8 h. WGO inclusion resulted in reduced, but more stable fluid handling properties, with more uniform pore distribution (100-200 mu m). Moreover, the proliferation of NIH/3T3 cells significantly improved with 1% WGO contained hydrogels. Also, commercial self-adhesive dressings that secure the hydrogels to the wound area were investigated regarding transfer properties. The proposed product demonstrated 8.05 cm3/cm2/s and 541.37 g/ m2/day air and water vapour permeability.