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ABSORPTION OF FOLIAR-APPLIED LEAD (PB) IN RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.): A HYDROPONIC EXPERIMENT
(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2018) Sardar, Muhammad Fahad; Ahmad, Hamaad Raza; Zia-Ur-Rehman; Ozturk, Munir; Altay, Volkan
Metallic particulate matter has been released into the environment that can be deposited on aerial parts of vegetation in terrestrial ecosystems. Foliar transfer of metals and their fate in plant leaves is still unclear although it is contributor to the transfer of metals into plant body. The study was conducted with the objective of investigating the possible effects of various concentration levels (0, 10, 20, and 30 mg L-1) of foliar-applied Pb on rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown in half strength Johnson's nutrient solution. The results showed that increasing levels of lead application decreased fresh and dry weights of rice compared with control. Lead concentrations in roots increased with increasing rate of application. The overall results indicated bioaccumulation of foliar applied lead in rice plants.
Alleviating Effect of Calcium on Nickel Toxicity in Rice
(Wiley, 2015) Aziz, Humera; Sabir, Muhammad; Ahmad, Hamaad Raza; Aziz, Tariq; Zia-ur-Rehman, Muhammad; Hakeem, Khalid Rehman; Ozturk, Munir
Urbanization and industrialization have resulted in contamination of soils with heavy metals and other pollutants. Nickel (Ni) is one of the toxic metals, which adversely affect plant growth by altering different physiological and metabolic processes. Mineral nutrients can reduce toxic effects of Ni on physiological and metabolic functions of plants, thus improving plant growth. The role of calcium (Ca) to alleviate Ni toxicity in rice was investigated. Rice plants were grown with Ni (20 and 40 mg kg(-1) ) and Ca (80 and 160 mg kg(-1)) in different combinations and without Ni and Ca as a control. Nickel (40 mg kg(-1)) significantly decreased shoot (54%) and root dry weights (54%), chlorophyll content (57%), the photosynthetic rate (two-fold), transpiration rate (34%) and stomatal conductance (39%) compared to control. Application of Ni (40 mg kg(-1)) increased the Ni concentration in shoots 22-fold and in roots 11-fold compared to control. Application of Ca (160 mg kg(-1)) reduced the adverse effects of Ni and the studied parameters improved to the maximum values compared to control. Calcium decreased the translocation of Ni towards the shoots that was evident from a lower translocation factor (42%) for the plants supplied with Ca compared to those grown without Ca (62%). The phytotoxicity induced by Ni on different growth and physiological parameters was alleviated by Ca as indicated by the minimum values of the phytotoxicity index for Ca fed plants (0) compared to those without Ca (2.6).
Alleviating Effect of Calcium on Nickel Toxicity in Rice
(Wiley, 2015) Aziz, Humera; Sabir, Muhammad; Ahmad, Hamaad Raza; Aziz, Tariq; Zia-ur-Rehman, Muhammad; Hakeem, Khalid Rehman; Ozturk, Munir
Urbanization and industrialization have resulted in contamination of soils with heavy metals and other pollutants. Nickel (Ni) is one of the toxic metals, which adversely affect plant growth by altering different physiological and metabolic processes. Mineral nutrients can reduce toxic effects of Ni on physiological and metabolic functions of plants, thus improving plant growth. The role of calcium (Ca) to alleviate Ni toxicity in rice was investigated. Rice plants were grown with Ni (20 and 40 mg kg(-1) ) and Ca (80 and 160 mg kg(-1)) in different combinations and without Ni and Ca as a control. Nickel (40 mg kg(-1)) significantly decreased shoot (54%) and root dry weights (54%), chlorophyll content (57%), the photosynthetic rate (two-fold), transpiration rate (34%) and stomatal conductance (39%) compared to control. Application of Ni (40 mg kg(-1)) increased the Ni concentration in shoots 22-fold and in roots 11-fold compared to control. Application of Ca (160 mg kg(-1)) reduced the adverse effects of Ni and the studied parameters improved to the maximum values compared to control. Calcium decreased the translocation of Ni towards the shoots that was evident from a lower translocation factor (42%) for the plants supplied with Ca compared to those grown without Ca (62%). The phytotoxicity induced by Ni on different growth and physiological parameters was alleviated by Ca as indicated by the minimum values of the phytotoxicity index for Ca fed plants (0) compared to those without Ca (2.6).
Alleviating Effect of Calcium on Nickel Toxicity in Rice
(Wiley, 2015) Aziz, Humera; Sabir, Muhammad; Ahmad, Hamaad Raza; Aziz, Tariq; Zia-ur-Rehman, Muhammad; Hakeem, Khalid Rehman; Ozturk, Munir
Urbanization and industrialization have resulted in contamination of soils with heavy metals and other pollutants. Nickel (Ni) is one of the toxic metals, which adversely affect plant growth by altering different physiological and metabolic processes. Mineral nutrients can reduce toxic effects of Ni on physiological and metabolic functions of plants, thus improving plant growth. The role of calcium (Ca) to alleviate Ni toxicity in rice was investigated. Rice plants were grown with Ni (20 and 40 mg kg(-1) ) and Ca (80 and 160 mg kg(-1)) in different combinations and without Ni and Ca as a control. Nickel (40 mg kg(-1)) significantly decreased shoot (54%) and root dry weights (54%), chlorophyll content (57%), the photosynthetic rate (two-fold), transpiration rate (34%) and stomatal conductance (39%) compared to control. Application of Ni (40 mg kg(-1)) increased the Ni concentration in shoots 22-fold and in roots 11-fold compared to control. Application of Ca (160 mg kg(-1)) reduced the adverse effects of Ni and the studied parameters improved to the maximum values compared to control. Calcium decreased the translocation of Ni towards the shoots that was evident from a lower translocation factor (42%) for the plants supplied with Ca compared to those grown without Ca (62%). The phytotoxicity induced by Ni on different growth and physiological parameters was alleviated by Ca as indicated by the minimum values of the phytotoxicity index for Ca fed plants (0) compared to those without Ca (2.6).
Alleviation of Salinity Stress in Maize Using Silicon Nutrition
(Univ Agr Sci & Veterinary Med Cluj-Napoca, 2019) Raza, Muhammad Mohsin; Ullah, Sami; Aziz, Tariq; Abbas, Tanveer; Yousaf, Malik Muhammad; Altay, Volkan; Ozturk, Munir
Improving salinity tolerance through mineral nutrition in plants is emerging strategy for sustainable agriculture under limited resources. Silicon (Si) is considered as silver bullet to mitigate biotic and abiotic stresses. Present study was conducted to understand the new mechanisms of Si nutrition against salinity stress in two different maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars ('Syngenta-8441' and 'Pearl'). Three different levels of NaCl (0.67, 8 and 13 dSm(-1)) were used with and without addition of silicic acid (2 mM). Distilled water was used for irrigation purposes and crop was harvested after 40 days of post germination. Results indicated that plant biomass reduced under saline condition while Si application increased growth parameters. Data regarding chemical analysis showed that Si nutrition reduced Na+ concentration and enhanced K+ levels in root, shoot, new and old leaves of 'Sygenta 8441' compared to 'Pearl' maize variety. Si application improved both chlorophyll a and b in both maize cultivars compared to NaCl-treated plants. the current findings indicate that Si nutrition can alleviate salinity stress in maize without decreasing growth attributes of crop and 'Sygenta 8441' is a salt resistant variety whereas 'Pearl' is a salt sensitive variety.
Aluminum Toxicity: A Case Study on Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)
(Tech Science Press, 2023) Ozturk, Munir; Metin, Mert; Altay, Volkan; Kawano, Tomonori; Gul, Alvina; Unal, Bengu Turkyilmaz; Unal, Dilek
Aluminum is an abundant metal in the earth's crust that turns out to be toxic in acidic environments. Many plants are affected by the presence of aluminum at the whole plant level, at the organ level, and at the cellular level. Tobacco as a cash crop (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is a widely cultivated plant worldwide and is also a good model organism for research. Although there are many articles on Al-phytotoxicity in the literature, reviews on a single species that are economically and scientifically important are limited. In this article, we not only provide the biology associated with tobacco Al-toxicity, but also some essential information regarding the effects of this metal on other plant species (even animals). This review provides information on aluminum localization and uptake process by different staining techniques, as well as the effects of its toxicity at different compartment levels and the physiological consequences derived from them. In addition, molecular studies in recent years have reported specific responses to Al toxicity, such as overexpression of various protective proteins. Besides, this review discusses data on various organelle-based responses, cell death, and other mechanisms, data on tobacco plants and other kingdoms relevant to these studies.
Aluminum Toxicity: A Case Study on Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)
(Tech Science Press, 2023) Ozturk, Munir; Metin, Mert; Altay, Volkan; Kawano, Tomonori; Gul, Alvina; Unal, Bengu Turkyilmaz; Unal, Dilek
Aluminum is an abundant metal in the earth's crust that turns out to be toxic in acidic environments. Many plants are affected by the presence of aluminum at the whole plant level, at the organ level, and at the cellular level. Tobacco as a cash crop (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is a widely cultivated plant worldwide and is also a good model organism for research. Although there are many articles on Al-phytotoxicity in the literature, reviews on a single species that are economically and scientifically important are limited. In this article, we not only provide the biology associated with tobacco Al-toxicity, but also some essential information regarding the effects of this metal on other plant species (even animals). This review provides information on aluminum localization and uptake process by different staining techniques, as well as the effects of its toxicity at different compartment levels and the physiological consequences derived from them. In addition, molecular studies in recent years have reported specific responses to Al toxicity, such as overexpression of various protective proteins. Besides, this review discusses data on various organelle-based responses, cell death, and other mechanisms, data on tobacco plants and other kingdoms relevant to these studies.
Ameliorative effect of Halopteris filicina extracts on growth parameters and genomic DNA template stability of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) under lead chloride stress
(Csiro Publishing, 2022) Unal, Dilek; Sevim, Gulcin; Varis, Gokay; Tuney-Kizilkaya, Inci; Unal, Bengu Turkyilmaz; Ozturk, Munir
Lead is a toxic element that accumulates in agricultural soils through various anthropogenic sources. It inhibits the growth and development of plants and causes mutations in DNA. Macroalgae such as Halopteris filicina contain multifunctional components that may improve plant tolerance to lead stress. In this study, seeds of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) were subjected to six treatments comprising two levels of lead exposure (60 or 120 mu M PbCl2) with or without H. filicina extract (0.5% in distilled water), a distilled water control, and a positive control (H. filicina extract) for 7 days. Physiological responses were investigated. Seedlings that had been treated with 60 and 120 mu M PbCl2 without H. filicina extract showed root growth reduction of 55% and 68.6%, respectively, relative to the control, whereas for 60 and 120 mu M PbCl2-treated seedlings with H. filicina extract applied, the reductions in root growth were lower, at 27.44% and 50.51%. The seedling viability index was decreased by 68.14% at 120 mu M PbCl2 application without H. filicina extract, whereas a 42.48% reduction was recorded for 120 mu M PbCl2-treated seedlings with H. filicina extract applied. Moreover, PbCl2 accumulation resulted in a decrease in leaf pigment content. Leaf pigment content was high in plants receiving the H. filicina extract. The rate of lipid peroxidation caused by PbCl2 was reduced with application of H. filicina extract. Genomic template stability was determined by using the inter simple sequence repeat-PCR technique, which revealed a decrease in DNA stabilisation with an increase in lead accumulation. However, this was alleviated by application of H. filicina extract. Our findings indicate that H. filicina extract both stimulates plant growth and protects from toxic effects by reducing accumulation of metals in the cell.
Analysis of airborne pollen grains in Denizli
(Tubitak Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2013) Guvensen, Aykut; Celik, Ali; Topuz, Bulent; Ozturk, Munir
Airborne pollen distribution in Denizli Province was measured volumetrically during 2 consecutive years, 2005 and 2006, on a weekly basis. A total of 11,981 pollen grains/m(3) belonging to 42 taxa were determined. In 2005 the total was 5368 pollen grains/m(3) and in 2006 it was 6613 pollen grains/m(3). Among the taxa recorded, 26 belonged to arboreal and 16 to nonarboreal taxa. At the end of the 2 years total pollen counts comprised 79.68% arboreal, 19.48% nonarboreal, and 0.84% unidentified taxa. The number of pollen grains/m(3) among arboreal plants was as follows: Pinaceae (24.19%), Cupressaceae/Taxodiaceae (15.99%), Olea europaea (11.35%), Quercus spp. (6.08%), Platanus orientalis (5.68%), Acer spp. (2.93%), Morus spp. (2.58%), Salix spp. (1.59%), and Eucalyptus camaldulensis (1.47%), and for nonarboreal representatives: Poaceae (6.63%), Asteraceae (3.08%), Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae (2.27%), Plantago spp. (2.12%), Urticaceae (1.82%,) and Xanthium strumarium (1.52%). The distribution of pollen in the atmosphere of Denizli was highest in May, followed by June, April, and March.
Analysis of airborne pollen grains in Denizli
(Tubitak Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2013) Guvensen, Aykut; Celik, Ali; Topuz, Bulent; Ozturk, Munir
Airborne pollen distribution in Denizli Province was measured volumetrically during 2 consecutive years, 2005 and 2006, on a weekly basis. A total of 11,981 pollen grains/m(3) belonging to 42 taxa were determined. In 2005 the total was 5368 pollen grains/m(3) and in 2006 it was 6613 pollen grains/m(3). Among the taxa recorded, 26 belonged to arboreal and 16 to nonarboreal taxa. At the end of the 2 years total pollen counts comprised 79.68% arboreal, 19.48% nonarboreal, and 0.84% unidentified taxa. The number of pollen grains/m(3) among arboreal plants was as follows: Pinaceae (24.19%), Cupressaceae/Taxodiaceae (15.99%), Olea europaea (11.35%), Quercus spp. (6.08%), Platanus orientalis (5.68%), Acer spp. (2.93%), Morus spp. (2.58%), Salix spp. (1.59%), and Eucalyptus camaldulensis (1.47%), and for nonarboreal representatives: Poaceae (6.63%), Asteraceae (3.08%), Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae (2.27%), Plantago spp. (2.12%), Urticaceae (1.82%,) and Xanthium strumarium (1.52%). The distribution of pollen in the atmosphere of Denizli was highest in May, followed by June, April, and March.
Analysis of physiobiochemical attributes, some key antioxidants and esculin content through HPLC in in vitro grown Cichorium intybus L. treated with ethylmethane sulfonate
(Springer, 2015) Hamid, Rehana; Kamili, Azra N.; Mahmooduzzafar; Gucel, Salih; Ozturk, Munir; Ahmad, Parvaiz
This work covers studies on the effects of different concentrations of EMS (ES0, ES1, ES2, ES3, ES4, and ES5) on biochemical attributes, antioxidant enzymes and esculin content in in vitro grown Chicorium intybus. The bioactive compound esculin in in vitro raised shoots of C. intybus was determined by using high performance liquid chromatography-HPLC. EMS was used to induce in vitro mutagenesis for increase in the production of esculin content. The proline and lipid peroxidation increases with an increase in the concentration of EMS. The soluble protein, sugar content, antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase increase at lower concentrations of EMS and decrease at higher concentrations. EMS mutagenesis was found to be effective method for inducing increase in secondary metabolite production in C. intybus.
Analysis of physiobiochemical attributes, some key antioxidants and esculin content through HPLC in in vitro grown Cichorium intybus L. treated with ethylmethane sulfonate
(Springer, 2015) Hamid, Rehana; Kamili, Azra N.; Mahmooduzzafar; Gucel, Salih; Ozturk, Munir; Ahmad, Parvaiz
This work covers studies on the effects of different concentrations of EMS (ES0, ES1, ES2, ES3, ES4, and ES5) on biochemical attributes, antioxidant enzymes and esculin content in in vitro grown Chicorium intybus. The bioactive compound esculin in in vitro raised shoots of C. intybus was determined by using high performance liquid chromatography-HPLC. EMS was used to induce in vitro mutagenesis for increase in the production of esculin content. The proline and lipid peroxidation increases with an increase in the concentration of EMS. The soluble protein, sugar content, antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase increase at lower concentrations of EMS and decrease at higher concentrations. EMS mutagenesis was found to be effective method for inducing increase in secondary metabolite production in C. intybus.
Analysis of physiobiochemical attributes, some key antioxidants and esculin content through HPLC in in vitro grown Cichorium intybus L. treated with ethylmethane sulfonate
(Springer, 2015) Hamid, Rehana; Kamili, Azra N.; Mahmooduzzafar; Gucel, Salih; Ozturk, Munir; Ahmad, Parvaiz
This work covers studies on the effects of different concentrations of EMS (ES0, ES1, ES2, ES3, ES4, and ES5) on biochemical attributes, antioxidant enzymes and esculin content in in vitro grown Chicorium intybus. The bioactive compound esculin in in vitro raised shoots of C. intybus was determined by using high performance liquid chromatography-HPLC. EMS was used to induce in vitro mutagenesis for increase in the production of esculin content. The proline and lipid peroxidation increases with an increase in the concentration of EMS. The soluble protein, sugar content, antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase increase at lower concentrations of EMS and decrease at higher concentrations. EMS mutagenesis was found to be effective method for inducing increase in secondary metabolite production in C. intybus.
Arsenic and Human Health: Genotoxicity, Epigenomic Effects, and Cancer Signaling
(Springernature, 2022) Ozturk, Munir; Metin, Mert; Altay, Volkan; Bhat, Rouf Ahmad; Ejaz, Mahnoor; Gul, Alvina; Unal, Bengu Turkyilmaz
Arsenic is a well-known element because of its toxicity. Humans as well as plants and animals are negatively affected by its exposure. Some countries suffer from high levels of arsenic in their tap water and soils, which is considered a primary arsenic-linked risk factor for living beings. Humans generally get exposed to arsenic by contaminated drinking waters, resulting in many health problems, ranging from cancer to skin diseases. On the other hand, the FDA-certified drug arsenic trioxide provides solutions for various diseases, including several types of cancers. This issue emphasizes the importance of speciation of the metalloid elements in terms of impacts on health. When species get exposed to arsenic, it affects the cells altering their involvement. It can lead to abnormalities in inflammatory mechanisms and the immune system which contribute to the negative impacts generated on the body. The poisoning originating from arsenic gives rise to various biological signs on the body which can be useful for the diagnosis. It is important to find true biomarkers for the detection of arsenic poisoning. In view of its application in medicine and biology, studies on understanding the biological activity of arsenic have increased. In this review, we aim at summarizing the current state of knowledge of arsenic and the mechanism behind its toxicity including genotoxicity, oxidative insults, epigenomic changes, and alterations in cellular signaling.
Arsenic Toxicity in Plants and Possible Remediation
(Academic Press Ltd-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2015) Hasanuzzaman, Mirza; Nahar, Kamrun; Hakeem, Khalid Rehman; Ozturk, Munir; Fujita, Masayuki
ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC DIVERSITY AMONG HYBRID PEA LINES (PISUM SATIVUM L.) AS REVEALED BY RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA (RAPD) MARKERS
(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2018) Iqbal, Ajmal; Razzaq, Abdul; Hadi, Fazal; Nisar, Mohammad; Ozturk, Munir; Altay, Volkan
Information about genetic diversity among pea genotypes of Pakistan is limited. Molecular marker analysis is an important technique in analyzing the genetic diversity among pea providing useful information to broaden the genetic base of pea lines. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity among 24 hybrid pea lines using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. A total of 69 DNA fragments were generated by 20 RAPD markers, with an average of 3.45 cleanly detectable alleles per primer. Of these, 67 fragments (97.10%) were polymorphic among the total pea lines. Molecular weights of alleles ranging from 250 bp to 2000 bp. The minimum alleles (1) were amplified by the primer OPA 17. Whereas, maximum alleles (6) were amplified by primers OPA-13, OPA-19, OPA-20, OPB-11 and OPB-14 each. The average alleles/locus primer-1 was 3.45 and overall polymorphism was 97.10% that gave a promising indication to broaden the research horizon for investigation of genetic diversity in pea and only 2.9% bands showed monomorphic behaviour. The similarity indices based on all possible pairs of lines ranged from 0.43 to 0.92. The minimum similarity value of 0.43 was observed between PL-6 and PL-22 Similarity, closer to unity was observed between PL-11 and PL-15 (0.92). The results of the present investigation using RAPD markers have successfully revealed an informative DNA polymorphism among pea lines, which could be included into marker-assisted selection and breeding programs aspiring at genetic improvement of this nutritionally important crop species.
Biodiversity and land degradation in the lower Euphrates subregion of Turkey
(Triveni Enterprises, 2012) Ozturk, Munir; Kebapci, Umit; Gucel, Salih; Cetin E, Esat; Altundag, Ernaz
A total of 107 plant taxa were determined in this study, 24 being new records for the area. Out of 813 plant taxa reported from the study area 100 species couldn't be verified. The number of endemics in the study area is around 46. The major families and genera are Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Poaceae and Astragalus, Euphorbia, Allium and Trigonella. The area shows a relatively rich and highly diverse fauna. For terrestrial vertebrate species peculiarly showing marginal distribution, this area forms their northernmost distributional limits. Avifauna along the Euphrates valley is quite rich with 207 species. Globally threatened species, Geronticus eremita (Waldrapp), has been observed locally in the area. Many macromammal species once common have gone extinct. Out of 18 lizard species, 3 lizards are known only from the study area. There are 20 species of snakes, one being exclusively endemic to the study area. Nearly 30 fish species are found in Euphrates system. Very scanty information is available for the invertebrate fauna except for some groups of Mollusca and Arthropoda. The biodiversity of the area is under threat from recent developments and abiotic interferences.
Biomass and bioenergy: An overview of the development potential in Turkey and Malaysia
(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2017) Ozturk, Munir; Saba, Naheed; Altay, Volkan; Iqbal, Rizwan; Hakeem, Khalid Rehman; Jawaid, Mohammad; Ibrahim, Faridah Hanum
Among renewable energy sources, the share of biomass in total energy consumption in Turkey is increasing. Fuelwood and animal waste biomass are extensively used for heating and cooking in urban and rural areas. It has been estimated that Turkey has recoverable energy potential mainly originating from agricultural, livestock breeding, wood and forest processing, and municipality wastes. Annual production of wastes in the country amounts to 30 million tons. Turkey also produces 1.5 million tons of biodiesel, 3 million tons of bioethanol and 2.5-4.0 billion m(3) of biogas per year. In Turkey, total biomass production is expected to reach a level of 52.5 Mtoe by 2030. Malaysia produces annually approximately 168 million tons of biomass, including timber, oil palm waste, rice husks, coconut trunk fibers, municipal and sugarcane wastes. Every year, nearly 58 million tons of palm oil mill effluent are produced in Malaysia. It has been estimated that the country has the potential to generate around 15 billion m3 of biogas annually. Estimates also show that Malaysia can produce more than 2400 MW of biomass and 410 MW of biogas, however, only 773 MW of the total potential was harnessed until 2011. The National Biomass Strategy 2020 proposes a scenario according to which an additional 20 million tonnes of oil palm biomass could be utilized by the year 2020 for higher value uses, which could significantly contribute to improving Malaysia's economy. Both countries have good potential to use biomass resources, but political backing and sustainable planning are necessary. In this review article, we try to compare future energy scenarios, renewable energy and biomass potentials of Turkey and Malaysia, while providing an insight into data on different biomass availability and its probable contribution to both nations' economies.
Bioremediation of Cadmium and Nickel from a Saline Aquatic Environment Using Ceratophyllum demersum
(Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Science, 2022) Parnian, Amir; Chorom, Mostafa; Jaafarzadeh, Neemat; Anosheh, Hadi Pirasteh; Ozturk, Munir; Unal, Dilek; Yilmaz, Dilek Demirezen
In this study, effect of salinity on growth was examined together with cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) accumulation capacity of coontail a free-floating hydrophyte (Ceratophyllum demersum L.) under controlled conditions. Different saline waters (EC = 2.8, 5.5 and 9.5 dS m(-1)) were made with the base of farm drainage water (EC = 13.2 dS m(-1)). A total of four concentrations of Ni(NO3)(2) and CdCl2 (0, 1, 2, 4 mg L-1) were added to these. The results showed that there was a decrease in the growth rate as the water salinity level increased. The biomass production was also inhibited with the increase in salinity. At 9.5 dS m(-1) salinity level growth rate was the lowest (0.81 +/- 0.05 g FW d(-1)) among the treatments. This decrease was accelerated by metal contaminations. High salinity levels decreased the removal of nickel. Highest removal was recorded as R= 86% (Ni = 1 mg L-1, EC = 5.5 dS m(-1)). The lowest cadmium removal was observed as R = 35% (Cd = 4 mg L-1, EC = 2.8 dS m(-1)) in the lowest salinity medium. In general, phytoremediation efficiency of coontail decreased with enhancing nickel concentrations, but increased when cadmium concentration increased. An increase in the salinity levels of water lead towards a parallel increase in the removal efficiency of coontail. It was concluded that this floating hydrophyte has a good potential for phytoremediation of cadmium and nickel from a saline aquatic environment.
Botany
(Springer International Publishing Ag, 2017) Ozturk, Munir; Altay, Volkan; Hakeem, Khalid Rehman; Akcicek, Eren

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