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Öğe Effect of Rhizobacteria on Plant Growth of Different Vegetables(Int Soc Horticultural Science, 2008) Kidoglu, F.; Gul, A.; Ozaktan, H.; Tuzel, Y.; DePascale, S; Mugnozza, GS; Maggio, A; Schettini, EThe objective of this study was to evaluate possible effects of different strains of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria -PGPR- on growth of cucumber, pepper and tomato. Six bacterial strains from the collection of the Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural Faculty of Ege University (18/1K: Pseudomonas putida, 21/1K: Enterobacter cloacae, 62: Serratia marcescens, 70: Pseudomonas fluorescens, 66/3: Bacillus spp., 180: Pseudomonas putida) were compared with two commercial products (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB24, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZ1342) and control (without bacteria inoculation). Native PGPR strains were assayed for their ability to produce IAA and phosphate solubilization in vitro. IAA production varied between 0.700 and 0.065 pg ml(-1). Native isolates excluding Bacillus spp. strain 66/3 had phosphate solubilization ability. Rhizobacteria were tested in vivo to determine their effects on seedling growth. The results indicated significant increases in growth of cucumber, tomato and pepper in response to inoculation with PGPR. According to the results of in vitro and in vivo tests, 18/1K, 62, 70 and 66/3 were selected as promising strains among the isolates of Ege University for future studies.Öğe Effect of Rhizobacteria on Yield of Hydroponically Grown Tomato Plants(Int Soc Horticultural Science, 2012) Gul, A.; Ozaktan, H.; Yolageldi, L.; Cakir, B.; Sahin, M.; Akat, S.; Kittas, C; Katsoulas, N; Bartzanas, TIn this study, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), selected for their ability to promote plant growth and for the biological control of crown and root rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL), were tested on tomato production in perlite under greenhouse conditions. Four PGPR isolates (TR 2/1: Pseudomonas fluorescens bv3, TR 18/1: Pseudomonas fluorescens, TR 21/1: Pseudomonas putida, 14/1y: Pseudomonas fluorescens bv5) selected based on the results of in vitro and in vivo tests from a collection of fifty PGPR strains, were compared with non PGPR inoculated control treatment. A resistant and a sensitive to FORL tomato variety were used. Plants were grown under healthy conditions without FORL inoculation. Seeds were sown on 11 January 2010 and transplanting was realised on 26 February 2010. Harvest period lasted six weeks from 24 May to 2 July. Cumulative fruit weight and number were measured weekly. Tomato plants inoculated with rhizobacteria gave significantly higher yield compared to the control treatment in the first 4 weeks of harvesting period.Öğe Effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and olive waste compost on organic tomato seedling production(International Society for Horticultural Science, 2020) Tuzel, Y.; Oztekin, G.B.; Ekinci, K.; Varol, N.; Ozaktan, H.; Besirli, G.The aim of this experiment was to evaluate composts produced from by-products of olive oil production as a constituent of growing media and to improve seedling growth with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in organic tomato seedling production. Two composts, two-phase (2POMW) and three-phase (3POMW) olive mill wastes with separated dairy manure, poultry manure, and straw using aerated static pile composting methods were produced. Composts obtained from 2POMW and 3POMW are named as C1 and C2, respectively. C1 and C2 were separately enriched by rock phosphate and potassium salt (EC1 and EC2). In this experiment, 25 and 50% compost rates were selected based on our previous results and used to mix with local peat (LP), respectively. Treated seeds with Bacillus subtilis (strain 66/3) and Pseudomonas fluorescens (strain 112) were sown on March 7, 2017. Peat (100%) and non-PGPR treated seeds were used as controls. Each treatment had 4 replicates and each replicate included 64 plants in a tray with a volume of 33 mL each. After 3 days in germination room in dark at 24°C, seedlings were moved to a greenhouse. Some physical and chemical properties of each growing medium, germination rate and period, seedling vigor, leaf color and chlorophyll content (SPAD) were determined. The effects of PGPRs and growing media on many measured parameters were found statistically different. The treatment 25% EC1+75% LP mixture gave the highest seedling biomass, germination rate and period followed by 25% EC2+75% LP. Olive mill wastes had a higher chlorophyll content, seedling height, shoot fresh weight and root and shoot dry weights than peat. It was concluded that usage of enriched composts with a rate of 25% could be an alternative to reduce the amount of peat in organic tomato seedling production and their effects can be improved with the use of either B. subtilis or P. fluorescens. © 2020 International Society for Horticultural Science. All rights reserved.Öğe Effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria combined with composts obtained from rose oil processing wastes on organic tomato seedling production(International Society for Horticultural Science, 2020) Oztekin, G.B.; Tuzel, Y.; Ekinci, K.; Ozaktan, H.; Besirli, G.The objective of this experiment was to assess the performance of compost in organic growing medium with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for organic tomato cultivar 'Rio Grande' seedling production. The study was conducted during the spring growing season of 2017. Two different composts previously obtained from a mixture containing rose oil processing wastes, separated dairy manure, poultry manure, and straw composted by two methods (aerated static pile: ASP and turned windrow: TW) and their mixtures (1:1 and 1:3; v/v) with local peat (LP) were used as a growing medium. Seeds treated with Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens were sown on March 7, 2017. Peat and non-PGPR treated seeds were used as controls. All media were sifted before use. After 3 days in germination room, seedlings were moved to a PE greenhouse specialized for seedling growing. Liquid organic fertilizer was used for fertilization. Some physical and chemical properties of each growing medium, seed germination rate and period of seeds, seedling vigour, leaf color and SPAD index for chlorophyll were determined. The effects of PGPR on most measured parameters were found significant. Among the tested PGPRs, B. subtilis improved seed germination rate and vigour, reduced germination period and leaf chlorophyll content. Based on the seed vigour test, peat and compost produced from ASP showed better performance and were found comparable. In conclusion, compost produced from ASP can be used in organic tomato seedling production and B. subtilis × 50% compost-ASP + 50% LP was found to be the most promising based on the measurements of seedling growth parameters. © 2020 International Society for Horticultural Science. All rights reserved.Öğe Effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on organic lettuce production(Int Soc Horticultural Science, 2017) Malkoclu, M. C.; Tuzel, Y.; Oztekin, G. B.; Ozaktan, H.; Yolageldi, L.; Ozetkin, GB; Tuzel, YThis study was conducted in order to determine the effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on seedling and head production of organically grown iceberg lettuce ('Papiro'). Seeds treated with Bacillus subtilis (strain 66/3), Pseudomonas putida (strain 18/1K), P. fluorescens (strain 112), P. punonensis (strain 56), B. subtilis + P. fluorescens were sown into vermicompost:local peat (1:1.5, v/v) on January 14, 2015. After germination in growth chamber (18/18 degrees C day/night, 80% relative humidity for 3 days), seedlings were drenched with PGPR suspensions, then plants were moved to a PE greenhouse which is specialized for seedling growing. Seedlings were fertilized by liquid composted farmyard manure (30 L ha(-1)) once a day. Germination rate and period of seeds, fresh and dry weight of seedlings and their nutrient composition were determined when they are ready for planting in 35 days. Then seedlings were transferred into a PE greenhouse and grown according to the rules laid down in organic regulations. Heads were harvested in two months and yield and head quality parameters were determined. It was concluded that observable differences were obtained in the seedling stage. Bacillus subtilis treatment increased the seed germination rate and B. subtilis + P. fluorescens was found promising due to the higher seedling biomass. However, the effects of PGPRs on yield, head size and plant biomass was found insignificant.Öğe Effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on organic tomato seedling production(Int Soc Horticultural Science, 2017) Ozaktan, H.; Malkoclu, M. C.; Tuzel, Y.; Oztekin, G. B.; Yolageldi, L.; Ozetkin, GB; Tuzel, YThe aim of this research was to determine the effects of different plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on organic tomato seedling growth in peat and vermicompost mixture used as growing medium. Organic tomato seeds (Lycopersicon esculentum 'Melis') were treated with bacterial strains named as Pseudomonas punonensis strains 37 and 56, Pseudomonas putida strain 18/1K, Ochrobactrum pseudintermedium strain 80, Pantoea agglomerans strain 83, Bacillus subtilis strain 66/3, Bacillus thuringiensis strain 99, Pseudomonas fluorescens strains 112, S5/4, 30, and TR21/1. Treated and control seeds were sown into local peat+vermicompost (LP+VC) (1.5: 1, v: v) on July 24, 2014. Trays were left in germination room for 3 days at 24/24 degrees C (day/night) and 80% relative humidity. After germination, plants were moved to a PE greenhouse which is specialized for seedling growing. Seedlings were fertilized by liquid composted farmyard manure (30 L ha(-1)) and they were ready for transplanting after a month. Seed germination period and rate, fresh and dry weights and nutrient composition of shoots and roots were determined. Pantoea agglomerans and Pseudomonas punonensis were found as promising on shoot and root growth respectively in organic tomato seedling production.Öğe Evaluation of Turkey quince genebank for resistance breeding to fire blight disease(International Society for Horticultural Science, 2020) Sahin, M.; Misirli, A.; Ozaktan, H.; Kucuk, E.; Gokkur, S.; Aksoy, D.; Cavdar, A.Turkey, which is one of the major quince producer countries in the world, has an important role in the export of quince. Studies on protection of quince genetic resources are being conducted in Institutes, located in Izmir, Isparta and Erzincan locations, within the scope of General Directorate of Agricultural Researches and Politics (GDAR). Aegean Agricultural Research Institute (AARI) is the first responsible institute for the conservation of quince genetic resources and 61 genotypes are protected in the field gene bank at Menemen/Izmir location in Turkey. Fire blight is the leading cause of disease that restricting production and causing significant economic losses. Quince is described as one of the most susceptible hosts to the disease, the extensive breeding studies; the world was launched for the first time with the project of "Fire Blight Resistant Quince Breeding" funded by GDAR in 2016 under the leadership of AARI. In this context, genetic resources and cultivars (total 56) are tested with a mixture of 3 virulent strains in 3 different periods for the evaluation of disease tolerance. In addition, selection breeding studies carried out Manisa, Sakarya, Bursa, Izmir and Denizli locations for determining the tolerant genotypes under natural epidemic conditions in two consecutive years. As a result of the artificial inoculations, 50 genotypes took place in medium susceptible group, whereas susceptible group included 6 genotypes. Under natural infection conditions 15 genotypes were selected as tolerant to the disease with the range of 0-12% disease index. The possibility of using as a cultivar or genitor in the breeding studies and the importance of Turkey quince genetic resources in terms of tolerance to disease were determined. © 2020 International Society for Horticultural Science. All rights reserved.Öğe First Report of Pseudomonas viridiflava Causing Bacterial Blight on Globe Artichoke in Turkey(Amer Phytopathological Soc, 2019) Sanver, U.; Pazarlar, S.; Cetinkaya, N.; Ozaktan, H.Öğe The Occurrence of Fusarium Crown and Root Rot of Tomato in South and Southern West of Turkey(Int Soc Horticultural Science, 2012) Yolageldi, L.; Ozaktan, H.; Gul, A.; Cakir, B.; Kittas, C; Katsoulas, N; Bartzanas, TCrown and root rot of tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici was first detected in Turkey in 1998. Since then, it has become a common disease in commercial greenhouses in the south and south-western part of Turkey. In order to assess the incidence of the disease and obtain isolates of the pathogen for further studies, a survey was conducted in the greenhouses of two major tomato growing provinces, namely Antalya and Mugla in May of 2008. Diseased plant samples were collected from greenhouses where the crown and root rot had been suspected to occur and symptomatic plants were counted. Fifty-three Fusarium oxysporum isolates were obtained from forty-one tomato greenhouses and twenty-eight of them were selected to use in pathogenicity test. For the pathogenicity tests two tomato cultivars 'Newton F-1' and 'Kardelen F-1' commonly found in commercial greenhouses where the disease symptoms existed, were inoculated by root-deep technique with conidial suspension of those isolates. Based upon their pathogenicity reaction eighteen isolates were identified as F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici. The presence of the pathogen was also confirmed by re-isolations from infected tomato plants on selective media for Fusarium spp. As a result, the incidence of the disease was determined as 26.1 and 85.1% in commercial tomato greenhouses from where the pathogen could be isolated and identified, in Antalya and Mugla, respectively.Öğe Rhizobacteria promoted growth and yield of tomato plants and control of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp radicis-lycopersici(Int Soc Horticultural Science, 2017) Gul, A.; Ozaktan, H.; Yolageldi, L.; Cakir, B.; Ozetkin, GB; Tuzel, YFusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL) results in severe losses in the greenhouses and open field tomato crops. In this study, rhizobacteria (RB) were tested on tomato plants for the biological control of FORL and for their ability to promote plant growth and yield. Firstly, 50 RB strains were screened for in vitro growth promotion and biocontrol tests. According to the results of in vitro tests, 9 RB isolates (TR2/1: Pseudomonas fluorescens, TR6/1: P. fluorescens, TR18/1: P. fluorescens, TR21/1: P. putida, TR23/1: P. putida, TR39b: P. fluorescens, 70: P. putida, S5/4: P. putida, 14/1y: P. fluorescens) were selected for in vivo tests realized in growth chamber. A sensitive 'Kardelen F-1' tomato cultivar to FORL was used as plant material. RB were applied as seed coating before sowing and substrate drenching after transplanting, and tested with and without FORL inoculation made before transplanting. RB strains gave rise to significant increase in growth of tomato seedlings, TR2/1 and TR18/1 gave higher values in this respect. RB strains suppressed disease symptoms significantly, TR21/1 and 14/1y were most effective strains for control of FORL. TR 21/1 suppressed disease symptoms by 76%. Four RB (TR2/1, TR18/1, TR 21/1 and 14/1y) were selected for greenhouse experiment, and were tested to determine their effect on growth and productivity of tomato plants in greenhouse under healthy conditions without FORL inoculation. RB increased growth of tomato seedlings and cumulative yield. It was concluded that RB have potential for developing biofertilizers and biopesticides needed in organic farming which avoids the use of synthetic chemicals.Öğe Studies on biological control of fire blight with some antagonistic bacteria(Int Soc Horticultural Science, 2006) Ozaktan, H.; Bora, T.; Bazzi, C; Mazzucchi, UBiological control by using epiphytic bacteria against Erwinia amylovora has been considered as an alternative method for controlling the disease. Tale-based formulation of A aggloinerans strain Eh-24 was applied at 30% and 100% bloom on two pear orchards which were selected from different locations in the Aegean Region in Turkey. Pear orchard trials were replicated for two years (1999 and 2000) in each place. Talc-based formulation of P. agglomerans strain Eh-24 was sprayed on pear trees which were naturally infected with E. amylovora. In the orchard trials conducted in 1999 and 2000, talc-based formulation of P. agglomerans strain Eh-24 reduced the percentage of blighted blossoms on pear orchards by 63% to 76%, approximately. Copper oxychloride + maneb was less effective in reducing the incidence of blossom infection by E. amylovora in each pear orchard than the bioformulation treatment.Öğe Yield Enhancement of Hydroponically Grown Tomatoes by Rhizobacteria(Int Soc Horticultural Science, 2009) Kidoglu, F.; Gul, A.; Tuzel, Y.; Ozaktan, H.; Tuzel, Y; Oztekin, GB; Meric, MKThe objective of this study was to evaluate possible effects of inoculation with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria -PGPR- on yield of tomato plants grown in perlite. Different native bacterial strains from the collection of the Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural Faculty of Ege University (18/1K: Pseudomonas putida, 62: Serratia marcescens, 70: Pseudomonas fluorescens, 66/3: Bacillus spp.) were compared with a commercial product (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB24) and control (without bacteria inoculation). Rhizobacteria inoculation took place before sowing and after transplanting. Seedling production was realised in a commercial nursery. Plant growing experiments were conducted as short term production during fall (September 1, 2005 - January 21, 2006) and spring (February 28 - July 3, 2006) in a PE covered greenhouse. The experimental design was randomized blocks with 4 replicates. Total and marketable yield as harvested fruit weight and number were recorded. The results showed that Bacillus spp. strain 66/3 was effective for increasing tomato yield. Increase in marketable yield in this treatment was determined as 37 and 18% compared to control in fall and spring, respectively.
