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Öğe Alien species in the Mediterranean Sea by 2012. A contribution to the application of European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Part 2. Introduction trends and pathways(Natl Centre Marine Research, 2012) Zenetos, A.; Gofas, S.; Morri, C.; Rosso, A.; Violanti, D.; Garcia Raso, J. E.; Cinar, M. E.; Almogi-Labin, A.; Ates, A. S.; Azzurro, E.; Ballesteros, E.; Bianchi, C. N.; Bilecenoglu, M.; Gambi, M. C.; Giangrande, A.; Gravili, C.; Hyams-Kaphzan, O.; Karachle, P. K.; Katsanevakis, S.; Lipej, L.; Mastrototaro, F.; Mineur, F.; Pancucci-Papadopoulou, M. A.; Ramos Espla, A.; Salas, C.; San Martin, G.; Sfriso, A.; Streftaris, N.; Verlaque, M.More than 60 marine non-indigenous species (NIS) have been removed from previous lists and 84 species have been added, bringing the total to 986 alien species in the Mediterranean [(775 in the eastern Mediterranean (EMED), 249 in the central Mediterranean (CMED), 190 in the Adriatic Sea (ADRIA) and 308 in the western Mediterranean (WMED)]. There were 48 new entries since 2011 which can be interpreted as approximately one new entry every two weeks. The number of alien species continues to increase, by 2-3 species per year for macrophytes, molluscs and polychaetes, 3-4 species per year for crustaceans, and 6 species per year for fish. The dominant group among alien species is molluscs (with 215 species), followed by crustaceans (159) and polychaetes (132). Macrophytes are the leading group of NIS in the ADRIA and the WMED, reaching 26-30% of all aliens, whereas in the EMED they barely constitute 10% of the introductions. In the EMED, molluscs are the most species-rich group, followed by crustaceans, fish and polychaetes. More than half (54%) of the marine alien species in the Mediterranean were probably introduced by corridors (mainly Suez). Shipping is blamed directly for the introduction of only 12 species, whereas it is assumed to be the most likely pathway of introduction (via ballasts or fouling) of another 300 species. For approximately 100 species shipping is a probable pathway along with the Suez Canal and/or aquaculture. Approximately 20 species have been introduced with certainty via aquaculture, while >50 species (mostly macroalgae), occurring in the vicinity of oyster farms, are assumed to be introduced accidentally as contaminants of imported species. A total of 18 species are assumed to have been introduced by the aquarium trade. Lessepsian species decline westwards, while the reverse pattern is evident for ship-mediated species and for those introduced with aquaculture. There is an increasing trend in new introductions via the Suez Canal and via shipping.Öğe The Fan Mussel Pinna nobilis on the Brink of Extinction in the Mediterranean(Elsevier, 2022) Katsanevakis, S.; Carella, F.; Çinar, M.E.; ?i?mek, H.; Jimenez, C.; Kersting, D.K.; Moreno, D.The fan mussel (or pen shell), Pinna nobilis, is an emblematic large bivalve, endemic to the Mediterranean Sea. Due to various anthropogenic impacts, its populations had substantially decreased the last century, which led to its strict protection by international and national legislative instruments since the 1990s. Since 2016, P. nobilis has been suffering from mass mortality due to a pathogen infection, which devastated its populations. Currently, the species has become locally extinct in most of its previous range and has therefore been flagged as Critically Endangered by IUCN’s Red List in 2019. Surviving populations persist only in a few scattered lagoons or enclosed bays and in the Sea of Marmara, which is still unaffected. Substantial efforts have been made since 2016 by the scientific community for the in situ and ex situ conservation of the species. Although, these have not yet proven fully successful, there has been substantial progress in efforts to breed the species in captivity and to understand the dynamics of the pandemic, as well as in disentangling the role of unaffected populations for potential recovery. The following years seem to be critical for the survival of the species. By further strengthening collective efforts there is still hope that the species can be saved from extinction. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reservedÖğe New Mediterranean Biodiversity Records (July 2016)(Natl Centre Marine Research, 2016) Dailianis, T.; Akyol, O.; Babali, N.; Bariche, M.; Crocetta, F.; Gerovasileiou, V.; Ghanem, R.; Gokoglu, M.; Hasiotis, T.; Izquierdo-Munoz, A.; Julian, D.; Katsanevakis, S.; Lipej, L.; Mancini, E.; Mytilineou, Ch.; Ben Amor, K. Ounifi; Ozgul, A.; Ragkousis, M.; Rubio-Portillo, E.; Servello, G.; Sini, M.; Stamouli, C.; Sterioti, A.; Teker, S.; Tiralongo, F.; Trkov, D.This contribution forms part of a series of collective articles published regularly in Mediterranean Marine Science that report on new biodiversity records from the Mediterranean basin. The current article presents 51 geographically distinct records for 21 taxa belonging to 6 Phyla, extending from the western Mediterranean to the Levantine. The new records, per country, are as follows: Spain: the cryptogenic calcareous sponge Paraleucilla magna is reported from a new location in the Alicante region. Algeria: the rare Atlanto-Mediterranean bivalve Cardium indicum is reported from Annaba. Tunisia: new distribution records for the Indo-Pacific lionfish Pterois miles from Zembra Island and Cape Bon. Italy: the ark clam Anadara transversa is reported from mussel cultures in the Gulf of Naples, while the amphipod Caprella scaura and the isopods Paracerceis sculpta and Paranthura japonica are reported as associated to the -also allochthonous- bryozoan Amathia verticillata in the Adriatic Sea; in the latter region, the cosmopolitan Atlantic tripletail Lobotes surinamensis is also reported, a rare finding for the Mediterranean. Slovenia: a new record of the non-indigenous nudibranch Polycera hedgpethi in the Adriatic. Greece: several new reports of the introduced scleractinian Oculina patagonica, the fangtooth moray Enchelycore anatina, the blunthead puffer Sphoeroides pachygaster (all Atlantic), and the lionfish Pterois miles (Indo-Pacific) suggest their ongoing establishment in the Aegean Sea; the deepest bathymetric record of the invasive alga Caulerpa cylindracea in the Mediterranean Sea is also registered in the Kyklades, at depths exceeding 70 m. Turkey: new distribution records for two non-indigenous crustaceans, the blue crab Callinectes sapidus (Atlantic origin) and the moon crab Matuta victor (Indo-Pacific origin) from the Bay of Izmir and Antalya, respectively; in the latter region, the Red Sea goatfish Parupeneus forsskali, is also reported. Lebanon: an array of records of 5 alien and one native Mediterranean species is reported by citizen-scientists; the Pacific jellyfish Phyllorhiza punctata and the Indo-Pacific teleosteans Tylerius spinosissimus, Ostracion cubicus, and Lutjanus argentimaculatus are reported from the Lebanese coast, the latter notably being the second record for the species in the Mediterranean Sea since 1977; the native sand snake-eel Ophisurus serpens, rare in the eastern Mediterranean, is reported for the first time from Lebanon, this being its easternmost distribution range; finally, a substantial number of sightings of the lionfish Pterois miles further confirm the current establishment of this lessepsian species in the Levantine.Öğe New Mediterranean Biodiversity Records (July 2017)(Natl Centre Marine Research, 2017) Gerovasileiou, V.; Akel, E. H. Kh.; Akyol, O.; Alongi, G.; Azevedo, F.; Babali, N.; Bakiu, R.; Bariche, M.; Bennoui, A.; Castriota, L.; Chintiroglou, C. C.; Crocetta, F.; Deidun, A.; Galinou-Mitsoudi, S.; Giovos, I.; Gokoglu, M.; Golemaj, A.; Hadjioannou, L.; Hartingerova, J.; Insacco, G.; Katsanevakis, S.; Kleitou, P.; Korun, J.; Lipej, L.; Malegue, M.; Michailidis, N.; Tifoura, A. Mouzai; Ovalis, P.; Petovic, S.; Piraino, S.; Rizkalla, S. I.; Rousou, M.; Savva, I.; Sen, H.; Spinelli, A.; Vougioukalou, K. G.; Xharahi, E.; Zava, B.; Zenetos, A.This Collective Article presents information on 37 taxa belonging to 6 Phyla and extending from the western Mediterranean to the Levantine Sea. The new records were found in 10 countries as follows: Algeria: first reports on the presence of the fish species Lesueurigobius sanzi, L. friesii, L. suerii and Luvarus imperiali; France: first record of the alien nudibranch Godiva quadricolor; Italy: first record of an adult-sized red emperor snapper Lutjanus sebae from the southern Tyrrhenian Sea; first record of the pantropical rhodophyte Chondria curvilineata and the Lessepsian fish Siganus luridus from southern Sicily; record of a large pregnant female Dusky shark Carcharhinus obscurus off Sicily; Albania: first record of the fish Ruvettus pretiosus, new records of the alien molluscs Conomurex persicus, Bursatella leachii, Dendostrea cf. folium, Fulvia fragilis and Ruditapes philippinarum and additional report of the alien bivalve Pinctada imbricata radiata; Montenegro: first record of the sea slug Thecacera pennigera in the Adriatic Sea; Greece: first record of the invasive calcarean sponge Paraleucilla magna in Greek waters; occupancy estimation of the established cryptogenic rhodophyte Ganonema farinosum, the alien crustacean Percnon gibbesi and the alien fish species Fistularia commersonii, Siganus luridus, and S. rivulatus along the Cretan coastline; first record of the alien mollusc Sticteulima lentiginosa in Greek waters suggesting a westward unintentional expansion of this species; Turkey: photographic evidence of interactions of the monk seal Monachus monachus with sea-cage farms in the Turkish Aegean Sea and first record of the yellow boxfish Ostracion cubicus in the Turkish Mediterranean; Cyprus: first records of the rare speleophilic fish Thorogobius ephippiatus and Grammonus ater in Cyprus, extending the known distribution of the latter Mediterranean endemic species eastwards; first records of the alien fish Kyphosus vaigiensis and the alien crustacean species Macrophthalmus indicus and Carupa tenuipes as well as additional records of the alien echinoderm Diadema setosum and the alien ascidian Symplegma brakenhielmi in the country; Lebanon: first report on the presence of the four alien fish species Cephalopholis taeniops, Equulites popei, Pseudupeneus prayensis and Sphoeroides pachygaster; Egypt: first record of the Lessepsian fish Synchiropus sechellensis in the Egyptian Mediterranean waters.Öğe New Mediterranean Marine biodiversity records (June 2013)(Natl Centre Marine Research, 2013) Siokou, I.; Ates, A. S.; Ayas, D.; Ben Souissi, J.; Chatterjee, T.; Dimiza, M.; Durgham, H.; Dogrammatzi, K.; Erguden, D.; Gerakaris, V.; Grego, M.; Issaris, Y.; Kadis, K.; Katagan, T.; Kapiris, K.; Katsanevakis, S.; Kerkhof, F.; Papastergiadou, E.; Pesic, V.; Polychronidis, L.; Rifi, M.; Salomidi, M.; Sezgin, M.; Triantaphyllou, M.; Tsiamis, K.; Turan, C.; Tziortzis, I.; D'Acoz, C. D'Udekem; Yaglioglu, D.; Zaouali, J.; Zenetos, A.This paper concerns records of species that have extended their distribution in the Mediterranean Sea. The finding of the rare brackish angiosperm Althenia filiformis in the island of Cyprus is interesting since its insertion in the Red Data Book of the Flora of Cyprus is suggested. The following species enriched the flora or fauna lists of the relevant countries: the red alga Sebdenia dichotoma (Greece), the hydrachnid mite Pontarachna adriatica (Slovenia), and the thalassinid Gebiacantha talismani (Turkey). Several alien species were recorded in new Mediterranean localities. The record of the burrowing goby Trypauchen vagina in the North Levantine Sea (Turkish coast), suggests the start of spreading of this Lessepsian immigrant in the Mediterranean Sea. The findings of the following species indicate the extension of their occurrence in the Mediterranean Sea: the foraminifer Amphistegina lobifera (island of Zakynthos, Greece), the medusa Cassiopea andromeda (Syria), the copepod Centropages furcatus (Aegean Sea), the decapod shrimp Melicertus hathor (island of Kastellorizo, Greece), the crab Menoethius monoceros (Gulf of Tunis), the barnacles Balanus trigonus, Megabalanus tintinnabulum, Megabalanus coccopoma and the bivalves Chama asperella, Cucurbitula cymbium (Saronikos Gulf, Greece).
