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    Ecological and innovative fungicide for the leather industry: Essential oil of Origanum minutiflorum
    (Amer Leather Chemists Assoc, 2006) Bayramoglu, EE; Gulumser, G; Karaboz, I
    Origanum minutiflorum (oregano) is an endemic species in Turkiye, from which essential oil is produced from its leaves and flowering tops by steam distillation. The antimicrobial activity of essential oil is known for years and many studies concerning its applications on different fields (medical science, pharmacy, food industry, etc.) have been carried out due to its advantages of being natural and nonmutagenic. The objective of this study was to examine the applicability of Origganum minutiflorum essential oil as a fungicide against fungus that grows on leather during the pickling and tanning processes. In the study, 2-Thiocyano-methylthlobenzotiazole (TCMTB) and N-octyl-isothiazolinone (N-OITZ) containing commercial fungicides were also used as controls. During the microbiologic tests, the Growth Of Mould species like Aspergillus niger, Alternaria alternata, Penicillium rubrum and Trichoderma viride that cause problems in leather industry were also investigated against this essential oil and the fungicides. The results of this Study show that oregano essential oil has antifungal activity and its effect improves with increasing concentration. Comparison of the experimental results reveals that leather treated with oregano essential oil is even more resistant against test moulds than leather treated with commercial fungicide at their recommended dosage.
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    The effect of two anti-fungal compounds on the growth of molds that frequently appear on tanned leather
    (Amer Leather Chemists Assn, 1997) Yapici, BM; Karaboz, I
    In this study, two fungicides with different chemical compositions and raw skins from domestic sheep have been used. These raw skins were both pickled (preserved pickled pelts) and chrome-tanned with and without fungicides. Each fungicide was used in the ratios of 0.005%, 0.015% and 0.030%, based on the pelt weight. Two fungicides (one mix phenolic-based and pentachlorophenol-free, the other TCMTB-based) were used to prevent the growth of mold such as Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium rubrum and Alternaria spp. which are troublesome in pickled leathers and chrome-tanned leathers in the leather industry of our country. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of these fungicides were found.
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    Parasitic Fungi From the Province of Manisa
    (Kluwer Academic Publ, 1982) Karaboz, I; Oner, M
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    Remarkable substituent effects on antimicrobial activities of 1,3-diorganylimidazolidinium salts
    (E I F T Srl, 2002) Cetinkaya, E; Denizci, A; Ozdemir, I; Ozturk, HT; Karaboz, I; Cetinkaya, B
    In vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of a series of 25 diazolidinium salts, 1,3-diorganylimidazolidinium (1), together with 1,3-dialkylpyrimidinium (2), were evaluated against standard strains: Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12228), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Enterobacter cloacae (ATCC 13047), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and Candida albicans (ATCC 10239). Selective and effective antibacterial activity against one Gram-negative (P. aeruginosa) and two Gram-positive (E. faecalis and S. aureus) bacteria were found in salts 1a, 1i and 1j, in contrast to modest to poor activity observed in the rest of the salts. The enhanced antibacterial activity is clearly linked to the introduction of two bulky mesityl or mesitylbenzyl substituents; on the nitrogen atoms of the imidazoline skeleton, while the side chain of the backbone of the molecule has no influence.