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Active Phytochemical Detecting, Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, Apoptotic Activities of Ethyl Acetate and Methanol Extracts of Galium aparine L.
(Sciencedomain Int, 2017) Aslanturk, Ozlem Sultan; Celik, Tulay Askin; Karabey, Burcin; Karabey, Fatih
The aim of this study was to detect active phytochemicals in ethyl acetate (EAE) and methanol (ME) extracts of Galium aparine L. and determine in vitro antioxidant, cytotoxic and apoptotic activities of these extracts. The phytochemicals present in the plant were determined using standard methods and HPLC. EAE and ME of Galium aparine arial parts were tested for antioxidant (by using DPPH radical scavenging, H2O2 scavenging and metal chelating assays), cytotoxic (by using MTT assay on MCF-7 breast cancer and Caco-2 colon cancer cells), and apoptotic activity (DNA diffusion assay on MCF-7 breast cancer and Caco-2 colon cancer cells). Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were used as control cells. As a result of phytochemical screening of EAE and ME of Galium aparine arial parts, phenols, tannins, alkaloids, anthraquinones and saponins were detected. Furthermore, rutin, a flavonoid phytochemical was found in both of the extracts by HPLC analysis. EAE and ME have cytotoxic and apoptotic activity on human MCF-7 breast cancer and Caco-2 colon cancer cells. These activities may depend on polarity of solvents used in the extraction and on concentration of the extracts. EAE and ME showed strong DPPH center dot radical scavenging, very low H2O2 scavenging and metal chelation activity. Besides, EAE showed higher cytotoxic and apoptotic effect on human peripheral lymphocytes compared to ME. The G. aparine EAE and ME led cytotoxicity and apoptosis in human MCF-7 breast cancer and Caco-2 colon cancer cells.
Assessment of In-vitro Cytotoxicity and In-ovo Virucidal Antiviral Efficacy of Various Plant Extracts and Bioactive Molecules
(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2024) Coven, Furkan Ozan; Gur, Seray; Uyar, Ece; Alsakini, Karrar Ali Mohammed Hasan; Karabey, Fatih; Coven, Fethiye; Caliys, Ihsan
The viral diseases that occurred in recent years have increased the interest in non-toxic to healthy cells and naturally isolated agents to struggle with these diseases. The key intention of this research is to examine both antiviral potentials against the Infectious Bronchitis model virus (IBV) and cytotoxic activities on determined cell lines of different active ingredients and medical herbs extracts for developing new antiviral agents or drugs towards SARS-CoV-2. The antiviral potency of the samples against IBV was determined as in ovo virucidal antiviral activity in specific pathogen-free (SPF) embryonated chicken eggs (ECEs). To detect antiviral activity, the haemagglutination test was performed after 48 h of incubation for all samples. The cytotoxic activity of the samples was identified on HepG2, Caco-2, HeLa, HEK293, PANC-1, PC-3, A549, MDAMB-231, and CCD-34Lu cell lines by the MTT protocol. Hypericum perforatum extract was found to have a dominant role in cytotoxicity and antiviral activity. In addition, while nobiletin and Sambucus nigra do not exhibit cytotoxic activity on cells, they play a significant role in antiviral activity. As a consequence of our investigation, the cytotoxic and antiviral properties of Laurus nobilis, H. perforatum, and S. nigra extracts were found remarkable and the potential of these extracts was demonstrated.
Astragalus Schottianus Boiss. türü üzerinde fitokimyasal ve biyolojik aktivite çalışmaları
(Ege Üniversitesi, 2010) Karabey, Fatih; Bedir, Erdal
Birçok Astragalus türü halk arasında karaciğer koruyucu, antioksidan, immünostimülan ve antiviral özelliklerinden dolayı kullanılmaktadır. Bu farmakolojik aktivitelerin üç grup kimyasal maddeden kaynaklandığı saptanmıştır: polisakkaritler, saponinler ve fenolikler (Rios & Waterman, 1997). Bu çalışmada Astragalus schottianus Boiss. bitkisi taşıdığı sikloartan tipi saponinler yönünden incelenmiştir. Açık havada ve gölgede kurutulmuş A. schottianus’un toprak altı kısımları %80 MeOH ile ekstre edilmiştir. Metanol ekstresi üzerinde yapılan kromatografik çalışmalar sonunda bilim dünyası için yeni schottianoside A, B, C ve daha önce Astragalus cinsinden elde edilmiş olan cyclochantoside E molekülleri izole edilmiştir. Bileşiklerin yapı analizleri, spektral yöntemler [1D-NMR (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR), 2D-NMR (DQF-COSY, HMBC ve HMQC)] kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca bu çalışmada elde edilen sikloartan grubu glikozitler tirozinaz enzimi inhibisyon yetenekleri yönünden araştırılmıştır.
The effect of different irrigation levels on the oleuropein contents of olive tree (Olea europaea L. cv. Memecik) in the western coastal region of Turkey
(2012) Yazıcı, Zekiye Işın; Karabey, Fatih; Akay, Şeref; Kaya, Ünal; Demiray, Hatice; Kaya, Zekiye Işın Yazıcı
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Effects of Silk Sericin on Incision Wound Healing in a Dorsal Skin Flap Wound Healing Rat Model
(Int Scientific Literature, Inc, 2016) Ersel, Murat; Uyanikgil, Yigit; Akarca, Funda Karbek; Ozcete, Enver; Altunci, Yusuf Ali; Karabey, Fatih; Cavusoglu, Turker; Meral, Ayfer; Yigitturk, Gurkan; Cetin, Emel Oyku
Background: The wound healing process is complex and still poorly understood. Sericin is a silk protein synthesized by silk worms (Bombyx mori). The objective of this study was to evaluate in vivo wound healing effects of a sericin-containing gel formulation in an incision wound model in rats. Material/Methods: Twenty-eight Wistar-Albino rats were divided into 4 groups (n=7). No intervention or treatment was applied to the Intact control group. For other groups, a dorsal skin flap (9x3 cm) was drawn and pulled up with sharp dissection. The Sham operated group received no treatment. The Placebo group received placebo gel without sericin applied to the incision area once a day from day 0 to day 9. The Sericin Group 3 received 1% sericin gel applied to the incision area once a day from day 0 to day 9. Hematoxylin and eosin stain was applied for histological analysis and Mallory-Azan staining was applied for histoimmunochemical analysis of antibodies and iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase), and desmin was applied to paraffin sections of skin wound specimens. Parameters of oxidative stress were measured in the wound area. Results: Epidermal thickness and vascularization were increased, and hair root degeneration, edema, cellular infiltration, collagen discoloration, and necrosis were decreased in Sericin group in comparison to the Placebo group and the Sham operated group. Malonyldialdehyde (MDA) levels were decreased, but superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were increased in the sericin group. Conclusions: We found that sericin had significant positive effects on wound healing and antioxidant activity. Sericin-based formulations can improve healing of incision wounds.
Elicitor induced stevioside production, in vitro shoot growth, and biomass accumulation in micropropagated Stevia rebaudiana
(Springer, 2016) Bayraktar, Meltem; Naziri, Elmira; Akgun, Ismail Hakki; Karabey, Fatih; Ilhan, Esra; Akyol, Begum; Bedir, Erdal; Gurel, Aynur
For the purpose of enhancing the secondary metabolite content in micropropagated Stevia rebaudiana plants without inhibiting plant growth, node explants were cultured on woody plant medium (WPM) containing alginate (ALG), casein hydrolysate (CH), pectin (PEC), yeast extract (YE), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), salicylic acid (SA), or chitosan (CHI). The highest shoot number; shoot length, node number, and leaf number; leaf length; and stem diameter were observed on WPM containing 1.0 g/L YE; 100 A mu M CHI; 0.5 g/L CH; and 1.0 g/L ALG, respectively. The root regeneration frequency reached 100 % on WPM supplemented with 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 g/L PEC, 1.0 g/L YE, or 50 A mu M CHI and the control. The highest root number was obtained on WPM containing 0.5 g/L PEC, while the longest root length was observed on WPM containing 1.0 g/L YE. The highest biomass accumulation was observed with treatment of 100 A mu M CHI. According to the high-performance liquid chromatography results, except for the treatments with 200 A mu M CHI, 100 or 200 A mu M MeJA, and 200 A mu M SA, the remaining elicitor treatments increased stevioside production compared to the control. The production of stevioside increased from 1.56 mg/g dry weight (DW) to 14.69 and 14.54 mg/g DW in the in vitro plantlets exposed to 0.5 g/L ALG and 2.0 g/L YE, respectively. Rebaudioside A was observed on only 0.5 g/L ALG-treated plants as 0.55 mg/g DW. The stevioside content of field-grown plants was identified as 15.06 mg/g DW. The present findings provide important information regarding the effect of elicitors on plant growth and secondary metabolite production of in vitro micropropagated S. rebaudiana.
Enhancement of stevioside production by using biotechnological approach in in vitro culture of Stevia rebaudiana
(2018) Bayraktar, Meltem; Naziri, Elmira; Karabey, Fatih; Akgün, İsmail Hakkı; Bedir, Erdal; Okuyucu, Barbel Röck; Gürel, Aynur
Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, which is an important plant for the food and health sector, contains calorie-free natural sweet-tasting steviol glycosides (SGs). in the present study, the effects of different elicitors [methyl jasmonate (MeJA), salicylic acid (SA), or chitosan (CHI)] on the in vitro production of stevioside and rebaudioside A were carried out. For this purpose, 3-week-old in vitro plantlets were transferred into 250 mL flasks containing liquid woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented with MeJA, SA, or CHI at different concentrations (0, 50, 100, or 200 µM), and were exposed to these elicitors for 2 weeks. A HPLC method was developed to quantify the aforementioned SGs in the cultivated plantlets and all of the elicitor types and concentrations resulted in an increase in stevioside production ranged between 2.87 mg/g dry weight (DW) (Control) and 50.07 mg/g DW (100 µM MeJA). the highest number of shoot, node, leaf, leaf length, and biomass accumulation and shoot length were observed with application of 100 µM CHI and control, respectively. the present findings open new perspectives for increasing the stevioside production using a plant tissue culture system.
Enhancement of stevioside production by using biotechnological approach in in vitro culture of Stevia rebaudiana
(2018) Bayraktar, Meltem; Naziri, Elmira; Karabey, Fatih; Akgün, İsmail Hakkı; Bedir, Erdal; Okuyucu, Barbel Röck; Gürel, Aynur
Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, which is an important plant for the food and health sector, contains calorie-free natural sweet-tasting steviol glycosides (SGs). In the present study, the effects of different elicitors [methyl jasmonate (MeJA), salicylic acid (SA), or chitosan (CHI)] on the in vitro production of stevioside and rebaudioside A were carried out. For this purpose, 3-week-old in vitro plantlets were transferred into 250 mL flasks containing liquid woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented with MeJA, SA, or CHI at different concentrations (0, 50, 100, or 200 µM), and were exposed to these elicitors for 2 weeks. A HPLC method was developed to quantify the aforementioned SGs in the cultivated plantlets and all of the elicitor types and concentrations resulted in an increase in stevioside production ranged between 2.87 mg/g dry weight (DW) (Control) and 50.07 mg/g DW (100 µM MeJA). The highest number of shoot, node, leaf, leaf length, and biomass accumulation and shoot length were observed with application of 100 µM CHI and control, respectively. The present findings open new perspectives for increasing the stevioside production using a plant tissue culture system.
Evaluation of in ovo antiviral activities of different plant extracts and bioactive molecules with immunomodulatory properties
(Wiley, 2021) Coven, Furkan Ozan; Gur, Seray; Uyar, Ece; Alsakini, Karrar Ali Mohammed Hasan; Bozoglan, Feyruz; Karabey, Fatih; Coven, Fethiye
[No Abstract Available]
The healing effects of Hyperium perforatum (St. John's Wort) on experimental alkaline corrosive eosephageal and stomach burns
(Turkish Assoc Trauma Emergency Surgery, 2020) Guvenc, Erkan; Kiyan, Selahattin; Uyanikgil, Yigit; Cetin, Emel Oyku; Karabey, Fatih; Cavusoglu, Turker; Gokce, Burak
BACKGROUND: the most frequent etiologic cause is alkaline substances. We investigated the protective effects of the plant St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum). METHODS: We included 42 Wistar albino rats weighing between 200-300 grams and divided into six groups as Group 1: Control, Group 2: Burn+Saline (BS), Group 3: Burn+St. John's Wort (BSJW), Group 4: Burn+Plasebo (BP), Group 5: St. John's Wort (SJW), Group 6: Placebo (P). After 15 days of treatment, esophagus, stomach and liver tissue samples were derived by dissection for histopathologic and biochemical markers. the cytotoxic effects of formulation on fibroblasts is evaluated in vitro on human dermoblast fibroblast line (HDFa, Gibco Invitrogen cell culture, C-013-5C). RESULTS: the weight of the rats increased in Group 1, 3, 4, 6, decreased in Group 2 and did not change in Group 5. in the BSJW group, submucosal collagen accumulation, muscularis mucosa damage, tunica muscularis damage and collagen accumulation in esophagus were similar to the control group but lesser than BS and placebo group. in the stomach, mucosal damage, gastric gland dilatation, submucosal polymorphonuclear infiltration were similar to the control group and lesser than the BS group. the lethal concentration of SJW was 2.58 gr/mL. CONCLUSION: SJW substrate is effective in protecting the esophagus and stomach in mild to moderate alcali corrosive burns in the subacute period. We should keep in mind the protective effects of STW substrate in alkaline corrosive burns of the gastrointestinal system.
The healing effects of Hyperium perforatum (St. John’s Wort) on experimental alkaline corrosive eosephageal and stomach burns
(2020) Uyanıkgil, Emel Öykü Çetin; Karabey, Fatih; Gökçe, Burak; Güvenç, Erkan; Kıyan, Selahattin; Çavuşoğlu, Türker; Uyanıkgil, Yiğit
BACKGROUND:The most frequent etiologic cause is alkaline substances. We investigated the protective effects of the plant St. John ‘s Wort (Hypericum perforatum).METHODS:We included 42 Wistar albino rats weighing between 200–300 grams and divided into six groups as Group 1: Con-trol, Group 2: Burn+Saline (BS), Group 3: Burn+St. John’s Wort (BSJW), Group 4: Burn+Plasebo (BP), Group 5: St. John’s Wort (SJW), Group 6: Placebo (P). After 15 days of treatment, esophagus, stomach and liver tissue samples were derived by dissection for histopathologic and biochemical markers. The cytotoxic effects of formulation on fibroblasts is evaluated in vitro on human dermoblast fibroblast line (HDFa, Gibco Invitrogen cell culture, C-013-5C).RESULTS:The weight of the rats increased in Group 1, 3, 4, 6, decreased in Group 2 and did not change in Group 5. In the BSJW group, submucosal collagen accumulation, muscularis mucosa damage, tunica muscularis damage and collagen accumulation in esopha-gus were similar to the control group but lesser than BS and placebo group. In the stomach, mucosal damage, gastric gland dilatation, submucosal polymorphonuclear infiltration were similar to the control group and lesser than the BS group. The lethal concentration of SJW was 2.58 gr/mL.CONCLUSION:SJW substrate is effective in protecting the esophagus and stomach in mild to moderate alcali corrosive burns in the subacute period. We should keep in mind the protective effects of STW substrate in alkaline corrosive burns of the gastrointestinal system.
IDENTIFICATION AND PRODUCTION OF PHENOLIC NICOTIFLORIN IN ASTRAGALUS CHRYSOCHLORUS CALLUS
(Soc Stinte Farmaceutice Romania, 2018) Turgut-Kara, Neslihan; Cakir, Ozgur; Hasancebi, Semra; Karabey, Fatih; Ari, Sule
Astragalus chrysochlorus Boiss. & Kotschy (2n = 16) is one of the rare Turkish endemic species and it is listed in the Red Data Book of Turkish Plants as endangered. This species has been used traditionally for its wound healing properties and a crude ethanol extract prepared from the roots exhibits antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. In this study, a detailed phytochemical analysis was performed on A. chrysochlorus calli that resulted in the isolation of a major constituent. The purified molecule's structure elucidation was completed by spectral methods [nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS)], which revealed a rarely encountered the flavonoid in the Astragalus genus, nicotiflorin. In order to increasing nicotiflorin content in the callus cultures, the effects of culturing time and elicitor treatment were investigated. The HPLC analyses showed that the maximal production of nicotiflorin occurred with long-term cultured (13 years old) callus as 4775 mu g/g dry weight (DW), whereas it was 132 mu g/g DW for short-term cultured (2 months old) ones. Then, the 24 h treatment of the yeast extract that was used as biotic elicitor had negative effect on the production of nicotiflorin. The data obtained from this study could be significant for the mass production of nicotiflorin from long term in vitro cultured A. chrysochlorus callus.
Identification of benzoin obtained from calli of Styrax officinalis by HPLC
(Tubitak Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2013) Demiray, Hatice; Esiz Dereboylu, Aylin; Yazici, Zekiye Isin; Karabey, Fatih
The stem tissue of Styrax officinalis L. distributed in West Anatolia was induced with agents such as boric acid and cocarboxylase (thiamine diphosphate), extensive stimulators of resin channels, in order to increase the amount of benzoin volatile oil. While the benzoin content was 120% in the induction medium to which excess boron and niacin were added, it increased to 231% when cocarboxylase (thiamine diphosphate) was added to the medium. Benzoin content of Styrax from petiole calli was 166%. HPLC-DAD results revealed that benzoin resin was present in 90% of the stems of Styrax officinalis distributed in West Anatolia. The major components of excess boron-and niacin-induced stem calli were hexane (58.33%), 3-methyl 2-pentene (16.10%), and cyclohexane (8.88%). Hexane (62%), methyl cyclopentane (19.09%), cyclohexane (12.04%), 2-hexanone (0.04%), ethylbenzene (0.03%), and benzene and 1-chloro-2-methylpropyl benzene (propene) were identified by the cocarboxylase application and GC-MS method. With enzyme application, while the percentages of decane and benzyl alcohol decreased, the cyclohexane ratio increased to 12.04%. Acetone (0.03%), ethyl acetate (4.10%), and dichloro methane (0.17%) contents were high as well.
Identification of benzoin obtained from calli of Styrax officinalis by HPLC
(Tubitak Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2013) Demiray, Hatice; Esiz Dereboylu, Aylin; Yazici, Zekiye Isin; Karabey, Fatih
The stem tissue of Styrax officinalis L. distributed in West Anatolia was induced with agents such as boric acid and cocarboxylase (thiamine diphosphate), extensive stimulators of resin channels, in order to increase the amount of benzoin volatile oil. While the benzoin content was 120% in the induction medium to which excess boron and niacin were added, it increased to 231% when cocarboxylase (thiamine diphosphate) was added to the medium. Benzoin content of Styrax from petiole calli was 166%. HPLC-DAD results revealed that benzoin resin was present in 90% of the stems of Styrax officinalis distributed in West Anatolia. The major components of excess boron-and niacin-induced stem calli were hexane (58.33%), 3-methyl 2-pentene (16.10%), and cyclohexane (8.88%). Hexane (62%), methyl cyclopentane (19.09%), cyclohexane (12.04%), 2-hexanone (0.04%), ethylbenzene (0.03%), and benzene and 1-chloro-2-methylpropyl benzene (propene) were identified by the cocarboxylase application and GC-MS method. With enzyme application, while the percentages of decane and benzyl alcohol decreased, the cyclohexane ratio increased to 12.04%. Acetone (0.03%), ethyl acetate (4.10%), and dichloro methane (0.17%) contents were high as well.
Investigation of acute effects of topical Alpinia officinarum (galangal) treatment in experimental contact type burns and comparison with topical silver sulfadiazine treatment
(Turkish Assoc Trauma Emergency Surgery, 2022) Kadam, Koray; Kiyan, Selahattin; Uyanikgil, Yigit; Karabey, Fatih; Cetin, Emel Oyku
BACKGROUND: It was aimed to determine whether Alpinia officinarum (AO) (galangal), which has been regarded to be effective on wound healing, is healing on experimental contact type burns and compare its effects with silver sulfadiazine (SSD). METHODS: Thirty-five rats were divided into five groups of seven rats each group. Superficial second degree burns were formed by contacting a 1x1 cm copper tip which was kept at 100 degrees C constant temperature to the three shaved areas on the back of rats without applying any pressure for 10 s. All groups were irrigated with a 100 cc saline solution for 2 min. Any procedure or treatment was not applied to Group I (Control). Group II (Burn Control) was only irrigated, Group III (SSD) was applied topical SSD 4 times, with 6-h intervals (at h 0, 6, 12 and 18), Group IV (Galangal) was applied topical AO 4 times, and Group V (Gel) was applied placebo topical material, used for the preparation of topical AO, 4 times. Wound healing findings were evaluated histopathologically. RESULTS: In the galangal group, it was found that collagen discoloration didn't penetrate into deep dermis compared to other groups; epidermis, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands remained protected compared to the burn control group, and there was a thicker layer of epidermis. It was found that the galangal group was the closest group to the control group histologically. In the galangal group, it was determined that the number of vessels and total hair follicles were significantly higher in the 8th h and 4th h respectively (p<0.05), while epidermal thickness and number of degenerated hair follicles were significantly higher in all hours compared to other three groups (p<0.05). It was determined that galangal group had the lowest scores in the evaluation of edema, polymorphonuclear leukocytes infiltration, collagen discoloration, injury of vessels, hair follicles and sebaceous glands in comparisons between groups and within groups' own processes. CONCLUSION: Administrating AO containing gel 4 times a day within the first 24 h is effective in the experimental contact type second degree burn model. It is significantly superior to SSD treatment, especially in the first 8 h of administration.
Treatment of contact burn injury with hypericum perforatum: An experimental study
(2019) Cabbaroglu, Derya; Kodik, Meltem Songür; Uyanıkgil, Yiğit; Uyanikgil, Emel Oyku Cetin; Karabey, Fatih; Kıyan, Güçlü Selahattin
Aim: Burns are one of the most difficult physical and psychological traumas that people face. Generally, protection and prevention strategies from burns are practiced. The young and the elderly are most likely to be affected tragically. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of Hypericum perforatum methanol extractcontaining gel on the healing of burn wounds. Materials and Methods: Forty male rats of the Sprague-Dawley strain were divided into four groups after a 4x4 area of their back was shaved, and an experimental burn was created with the direct contact of an aluminum metal stamp heated in boiling water for 15 seconds. There was no implementation on or treatment of the control group (Group 1). Burn wounds were irrigated with saline solution (Saline group, Group 2), and silver sulphadiazine 1% (Silverdin®) cream (Group 3), Hypericum perforatum methanol extract-containing gel (Group 4), and a placebo gel (Group 5) were applied topically 4 times a day after the contact burn. Histopathological analyses of the burned area were made at 4, 8, and 24 hours. Results: The topical use of Hypericum perforatum methanol extract-containing gel in the experimental contact burns, histologically; resulted in the reduction of collagen discoloration, vascular damage and hair follicle and glandula sebaceous damage while preserving total number of hair follicles, number of vessels and epidermal thickness compared to Silver Sulphadiazine 1% (Silverdin®) cream treatment. Conclusion: Positive effects of topical Hypericum perforatum gel were detected on experimental burns and its use might have beneficial effects on acute burn wounds.

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