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    Investigating the Presence of Autistic Traits and Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder Symptoms in Anorexia Nervosa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    (Wiley, 2024) Inal Kaleli, Ipek; Dogan, Nurhak; Kose, Sezen; Bora, Emre
    ObjectiveThe present meta-analysis aims to assess whether individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) demonstrate elevated autistic traits, to explore potential associations between autistic traits and eating disorder symptoms; as well as to estimate the prevalence of a positive screen for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) assessed via Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), in AN.MethodA systematic literature search was conducted in PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and Web of Science in August 2023 and later updated in April 2024 to identify relevant studies. Twenty-two studies with 1172 AN patients and 2747 healthy controls (HCs) met the inclusion criteria.ResultsThere was a significant difference between AN and HC groups in autistic traits (g = 0.88, CI = 0.65-1.12), and a significant but modest correlation was found between autistic traits and severity of eating disorder symptoms (r = 0.28, CI = 0.11-0.44). Proportion meta-analysis indicated that 29% (CI = 0.19-0.38) of children and adults scored above the cut-off for ASD.DiscussionThe current findings suggest that AN frequently overlaps with both autistic traits and autistic symptomatology. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate autism and autistic traits in individuals with AN to tailor individualized treatment plans.
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    Through the eyes of the parents: a transdiagnostic psychiatric perspective for children with differences of sexual development
    (Walter de Gruyter GMBH, 2024) Ozbaran, Burcu; Senturk Pilan, Birsen; Yavuz Kan, Oyku; Yulug Tas, Begum; Inal Kaleli, Ipek; Er, Eren; Ozen, Samim; Goksen, Damla; Darcan, Sukran
    Purpose Existing literature lacks data on a subgroup exhibiting psychiatric symptoms below the DSM-5 diagnostic threshold within DSD cases. Our study aims to assess parental knowledge, attitudes toward DSD, and parental perceptions of emotional and behavioral states through a transdiagnostic perspective. Methods The study was conducted with a total of 35 parents of children with DSD. Two groups were established via k-means clustering, based on psychiatric symptomatology levels, derived from The Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire - Parent Form and The Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale - Parent Form: with one group exhibiting lower reported psychiatric symptoms (LPS=27) and the other demonstrating higher psychiatric symptoms (HPS=8) by parents. Results Our study found that many parents were hesitant to disclose DSD diagnoses to their children, believing them to be too young to comprehend the information (42.9 %) and that they were unaware of the available support that could be provided by the medical team in disclosing the diagnosis (25.7 %). Our study found no differences in DSM-5 diagnoses between HPS and LPS groups (p>0.05), with ADHD being the most prevalent diagnosis (21.7 %) and a significant overrepresentation of children with a discrepancy between assigned gender at birth and gender upbringing in the HPS group compared to the LPS group (p<0.001). Conclusions Our study emphasizes the necessity of a transdiagnostic approach in psychiatry to move beyond binary conceptualizations and better understand the complexities of individuals with DSD.