Yazar "Ilkit M." seçeneğine göre listele
Listeleniyor 1 - 6 / 6
Sayfa Başına Sonuç
Sıralama seçenekleri
Öğe Comparison of 12 liquid media for germ tube production of Candida albicans and C. tropicalis(2007) Hilmioglu S.; Ilkit M.; Badak Z.Infections caused by yeast of the genus Candida are the most common fungal infections, being Candida albicans the most common isolated species among them. The rapid identification of this yeast is mostly based on the production of germ tube in human or animal serum. This study describes the use of 12 different liquid media for germ tube production at 2, 2.5, 3 and 4 h. We examined 193 yeasts, including 157 (81.3%) C. albicans and 36 (18.7%) Candida tropicalis for the production of germ tube. The germ tube production of C. albicans was mostly observed in human serum (98%) followed by rabbit serum (89.8%), brain heart infusion broth (84%) and sheep serum (74.5%) at 2 h. An incubation time exceeding 2 h i.e. 2.5 h or later, C. tropicalis strains were observed to produce germ tubes. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for germ tube production of human serum at 2 h were 98%, 100%, 100% and 92.3% respectively. In all tested sera, an incubation period of more than 2 h improves the sensitivity, but decreases the specificity as well as PPV and NPV of germ tube test (GTT). In conclusion, human serum was observed to be the most appropriate medium to be preferred for GTT, with an incubation period of 2 h. © 2007 The Authors.Öğe Estimated burden of serious human fungal diseases in Turkey(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2019) Hilmioğlu-Polat S.; Seyedmousavi S.; Ilkit M.; Hedayati M.T.; Inci R.; Tumbay E.; Denning D.W.The current number of fungal infections occurring each year in Turkey is unknown. We estimated the burden of serious human fungal diseases based on the population at risk, existing epidemiological data from 1920 to 2017 and modelling previously described by the LIFE program (http://www.LIFE-worldwide.org). Among the population of Turkey (80.8 million in 2017), approximately 1 785 811 (2.21%) people are estimated to suffer from a serious fungal infection each year. The model used predicts high prevalences of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis episodes (312 994 cases) (392/100 000), of severe asthma with fungal sensitisation (42 989 cases) (53.20 cases/100 000 adults per year), of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (32 594 cases) (40.33/100 000), of fungal keratitis (26 671 cases) (33/100 000) and of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (5890 cases) (7.29/100 000). The estimated annual incidence for invasive aspergillosis is lower (3911 cases) (4.84/100 000 annually). Among about 22.5 million women aged 15-50 years, recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis is estimated to occur in 1 350 371 (3342/100 000) females. The burden of three superficial fungal infections was also estimated: tinea pedis (1.79 million), tinea capitis (43 900) and onychomycosis (1.73 million). Given that the modelling estimates reported in the current study might be substantially under- or overestimated, formal epidemiological and comprehensive surveillance studies are required to validate or modify these estimates. © 2018 Blackwell Verlag GmbHÖğe Evaluation of Albicans ID2 and Biggy agar for the isolation and direct identification of vaginal yeast isolates(2007) Ilkit M.; Hilmioglu S.; Tasbakan M.; Aydemir S.In this study, 250 vaginal samples from patients with vulvovaginal candidosis were inoculated onto two chromogenic media, Albicans ID2 and Biggy agar, as well as onto Sabouraud chloramphenicol agar, yielding a total of 63 yeast (25.2%) on all three media. These strains were identified as Candida glabrata in 20 (31.8%) samples, Candida albicans in 15 samples (23.8%), Candida tropicalis in 10 samples (15.9%), Candida krusei in five samples (7.9%), Candida kefyr in five samples (7.9%), Candida dubliniensis in four samples (6.3%), Candida parapsilosis in two samples (3.2%) and Candida guilliermondii in two samples (3.2%). Mixed fungal cultures and bacterial growth or filamentous fungi were not detected on any of the selected media. The sensitivity and specificity of the Albicans ID2 and Biggy agar with regard to the identification of C. albicans were 80.0 and 64.6%, and 86.7 and 56.3%, respectively. This study showed these two chromogenic media to be as effective as Sabouraud chloramphenicol agar with respect to fungal detection. However, neither Albicans ID2 nor Biggy agar was sufficient for reliable differentiation of yeasts to the species level. © 2007 SGM.Öğe Genetic Diversity and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida parapsilosis Sensu Stricto Isolated from Bloodstream Infections in Turkish Patients(Springer Netherlands, 2018) Hilmioğlu-Polat S.; Sharifynia S.; Öz Y.; Aslan M.; Gündoğdu N.; Serin A.; Rafati H.; Mohammadi F.; Yeşim-Metin D.; Döğen A.; Ilkit M.; Seyedmousavi S.Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto is an emerging cause of hospital-acquired Candida infections, predominantly in southern Europe, South America, and Asia. We investigated the genetic diversity and antifungal susceptibility profile of 170 independent C. parapsilosis sensu stricto strains obtained from patients with candidemia who were treated at the Ege University Hospital in Izmir, Turkey, between 2006 and 2014. The identity of each strain was confirmed via PCR amplification and digestion of the secondary alcohol dehydrogenase-encoding gene. The 24-h geometric mean minimum inhibitory concentrations of the antifungal agents, in increasing order, were as follows: posaconazole, 0.10 µg/mL; voriconazole, 0.21 µg/mL; caspofungin, 0.38 µg/mL; amphotericin B, 0.61 µg/mL; anidulafungin, 0.68 µg/mL; and fluconazole, 2.95 µg/mL. Microsatellite genotyping of the isolates (using fluorescently labeled primers and a panel of four different short-nucleotide repeat fragments) identified 25, 17, 17, and 8 different allelic genotypes at the CP6, B5, CP4, and CP1 locus, respectively. Posaconazole, caspofungin, and amphotericin B showed the greatest in vitro activity of the tested systemic azole, echinocandin, and polyene agents, respectively, and the observed antifungal susceptibility of the isolates was shown to be independent of their isolation source. We obtained a combined discriminatory power of 0.99 with a total of 130 genotypes for 170 isolates tested. Finally, microsatellite profiling analysis confirmed the presence of identical genotype between separate isolates, supporting that effective surveillance and infection-prevention programs are essential to limit the impact of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto on hospitalized patients’ health. © 2018, Springer Science+Business Media B.V., part of Springer Nature.Öğe Genetically related micafungin-resistant Candida parapsilosis blood isolates harbouring novel mutation R658G in hotspot 1 of Fks1p: A new challenge?(Oxford University Press, 2021) Arastehfar A.; Daneshnia F.; Hilmioglu-Polat S.; Ilkit M.; Yasar M.; Polat F.; Boekhout T.Background: Echinocandin resistance rarely occurs in clinical Candida parapsilosis isolates and the underlying mechanism is unknown. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of echinocandin resistance and the underlying mechanism for a large collection of C. parapsilosis blood isolates and to determine whether the echinocandin-resistant isolates were clonally related. Methods: C. parapsilosis blood isolates (n = 213) were subjected to antifungal susceptibility testing (CLSI M27), for micafungin, anidulafungin, amphotericin B and, if appropriate, caspofungin. Hotspot (HS) 1 and HS2 of FKS1 were sequenced for all isolates (n = 213) and microsatellite typing was performed for echinocandin-resistant isolates. Results: All isolates were susceptible to amphotericin B and two isolates were intermediate to anidulafungin (MIC = 4 mg/L), while micafungin resistance was noted in four isolates (MIC >8 mg/L); three of which were also fluconazole resistant and therefore were MDR. Interestingly, micafungin-resistant isolates, but not those intermediate to anidulafungin, carried novel mutation R658G in HS1 of Fks1p; three of which also harboured Y132F+K143R in Erg11. The first isolate (MICR1) was recovered in November 2017 from a patient admitted to paediatric gastroenterology who showed therapeutic failure under caspofungin treatment. MICR2-MICR4 were collected during 2018-19 and were recovered from three echinocandin-naive paediatric-surgery patients; the isolates shared the same genotype. Conclusions: Herein, for the first time (to the best of our knowledge), we identified micafungin-resistant C. parapsilosis blood isolates harbouring a novel mutation in HS1 of FKS1, which was likely attributable to in vitro micafungin resistance and in vivo caspofungin therapeutic failure. The acquisition of micafungin-resistant C. parapsilosis isolates in echinocandin-naive patients likely implicates clonal expansion, as supported by the close genetic relatedness of MICR2-MICR4. © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved.Öğe Whole-genome analysis illustrates global clonal population structure of the ubiquitous dermatophyte pathogen trichophyton rubrum(Genetics Society of America, 2018) Persinoti G.F.; Martinez D.A.; Li W.; Döğen A.; Billmyre R.B.; Averette A.; Goldberg J.M.; Shea T.; Young S.; Zeng Q.; Oliver B.G.; Barton R.; Metin B.; Hilmioğlu-Polat S.; Ilkit M.; Gräser Y.; Martinez-Rossi N.M.; White T.C.; Heitman J.; Cuomo C.A.Dermatophytes include fungal species that infect humans, as well as those that also infect other animals or only grow in the environment. The dermatophyte species Trichophyton rubrum is a frequent cause of skin infection in immunocompetent individuals. While members of the T. rubrum species complex have been further categorized based on various morphologies, their population structure and ability to undergo sexual reproduction are not well understood. In this study, we analyze a large set of T. rubrum and T. interdigitale isolates to examine mating types, evidence of mating, and genetic variation. We find that nearly all isolates of T. rubrum are of a single mating type, and that incubation with T. rubrum “morphotype” megninii isolates of the other mating type failed to induce sexual development. While the region around the mating type locus is characterized by a higher frequency of SNPs compared to other genomic regions, we find that the population is remarkably clonal, with highly conserved gene content, low levels of variation, and little evidence of recombination. These results support a model of recent transition to asexual growth when this species specialized to growth on human hosts. © 2018 Persinoti et al.
